Which of Newton's laws best explains (1 yfr(( *klatrb2ea gwhy motorists should buckle-up?

  When you sit on a chair, the ren-* txbwdn5h 1sultant force on you is

  In the absence of an exter2fxk itrj 4.9bnal force, a moving object will

  When the rocket engines on the starship NO-PAIN-NO-GAIN are suddenly xwb /g )zc463be2azvdturned off, while traveling in em 4bdc2x3 ew vzb6g)za/pty space, the starship will

  A rocket moves through empty space i iwn9 :y0r21ayh/kdid n a straight line with constant speed. It is far from the gravitational effect of any star or planet. Under these conditions, the force that must be applie1ynykr2:awd0 i9 hdi/d to the rocket in order to sustain its motion is

  You are standing in a moving bus, facing forward, and you sudderlt9((unhzjbyl0v x w0r3 4: unly fall forward. You can imply from this that3jzlhy0 4w9(r(vxu:tb run0l the bus's

  You are standing in a moving bus, facigp r;f7e1xop kpj+9.n/(iuwh ng forward, and you suddenly fall forward as the bus comes to an immediate stop. What force caused youu jh1.; pw+/fioepkx(n79pg r to fall forward?

  A constant net force acts on an objehdqu)319 qg t-jg yrv2ct. Describe the motion of the object.

  The acceleration of an object is iglspmhrj sat: /uxd)0+, z-oj12 j1nenversely proportional to

  A net force F accelerates a mass m wig3fs/b )1sba lth an acceleration a. If the same net force is applied t/flbs1s3a )bg o mass 2m, then the acceleration will be

  A net force F acts on a mass m and prodeqv1 nx)sa3ac k7g1b o+qmx98uces an acceleration a. What acceleration results if a net force 2F actseva317a +cosgn8x q9qkb1 xm) on mass 4m?

  If you blow up a balloon, and then releasv*f 5mc-5ev/cwwi u +2eqha7he it, the balloon will fly away. This is an illustr7/hwfq+ m eci eacw-5vu5*v h2ation of

  Two cars collide head-on. At every moment during the colli0orw0 /rs ib +2q1drpasion, the magnitude of the force wb1ipas rr0 oq 2rd+0/the first car exerts on the second is exactly equal to the magnitude of the force the second car exerts on the first. This is an example of

  If you exert a force F on an object, the force which the object exerts7gip ( .( x8askj,mj-ftdy.za on you willz 7s-xtjp.. gai k8amfy((d,j

  Action-reaction forcer/bdfz kit e ,- hz0w/yo4;m3qs

  Action-reaction forcesf)a3umu rrl(lc: :5dp are

  A 20-ton truck collides with a 1500-lb car and mbs)opr vt2d7+teyazi 7on* 7,.2qy ccauses a lot of damage to the car. tr7. sv ez bndoo,tyc py iq2ma7+)*27Since a lot of damage is done on the car

  An object of mass m sits on a flat table. The Earth pulls on this object with /me6k /jxel4no q y1w ;q:d4aoforce mg, which we w1 dqka4 :q l/y6emwn4ooj xe;/ill call the action force. What is the reaction force?

  A child's toy is suspended from the ceiling by means of a string.. g8fdswn0g/ l The Earth pulls downward on the toy with its weight force of 8.0 N. If this is tfg 8dswn /.lg0he "action force," what is the "reaction force"?

  Your bat hits the bal0h+q-dy a(wrq. a r4inl pitched to you with a 1500-N instantaneous force. The ball hits the bat w(wqn0yhr 4ia-.d+aqr ith an instantaneous force, whose magnitude is

State Newton's threemfdhs,; cb0s/ lb t iioms0*;( laws.

  Mass and weight

  The acceleration due to gravity is lower on the Moon than on Earth49z tug ohae mv+w/m9//ur 0rj. Which of the following is true about the mass and weight of an astronaut on the Moon's surfacwje/ 9gr94mmuu 0 /zv/r to+hae, compared to Earth?

  An example of a force whi.he+yfa0z5qe d v4/ygch acts at a distance is

  Who has a greater weight to mass ratio, a person weighic 5m hy6v):* -ztw6u clz:ji:bam pfq3ng 400 N or a person weighingwl:z cbc 53 tijpfmvuh:6) ym:-*6qza 600 N?

  A stone is thrown straight up. At the top of its path, the net forcy 5 ubkhzf dtllu;g)jf54; *8ye acting on it ishjd5l )fz; lb 5u;tyyg4k8 *uf

  A 20-N weight and a 5.0-N weight are dropped simultaneously from the samelu+k5 w/8scr (cp4o. mjebo,r height. Ignore air c4 ,+c osrp /wlb .ur5oe(8jmkresistance. Compare their accelerations.

  A brick and a feather 0a)a ibrphl 9h .z0gm4fall to the earth at their respective terminal velocities. Which objectgpzl0)hr ah ma 9ib40. experiences the greater force of air friction?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a string from the ceiling of an +am40pohe2*8cg4hob mgee 9zelevator. The elevate0bp+8g oao9zch* me24e4 hmgor is moving up at constant speed. What is the tension in the string?

  An object of mass m is hanging b jlhd/gy v(k30y a string from the ceiling of an elevator. The elevator is moving upward, but slowingjkdyv/0l 3h( g down. What is the tension in the string?

  The force that keeps you from sliding on an icy sid5.sso mv36cuiv gbm2 +ewalk is

  It's more difficult to start moving a heavy carton from rest than it is /qljp77 ,7 /smluzjei to keep pushing it wit7qu / 7p/j, lmies7jlzh constant velocity, because

  A horizontal force accelerates a boxi0 u9.li-)u oiuis)r g from rest across a horizontal surface (friction is present) at a constant rate. The exp i -i).ugului9 s0io)reriment is repeated, and all conditions remain the same with the exception that the horizontal force is doubled. What happens to the box's acceleration?

  A packing crate slides down an inmi,k+mykp0:a muyd mk0 sp ;5wt hi1:-clined ramp at constant velocity. Thus we can deduce thasma- h; ti mw ympyk+::501pimu0k,dkt

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless ptqz nze 75e u;bw5m 7s(1evvz)lane inclined at an angle q with teu (z)ve zte715;nzsq5 7bmwvhe horizontal. The normal reaction force exerted by the plane on the block is

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane inclinebh jgzq+wf0z9ne 0qzj(q816 r we*j5u d at an angle q with the horizontal. The normal reaction for(rj0+f0zb qj 56nzz gqwj9he e*u 8qw1ce exerted by the plane on the block is directed

  A block of mass M slides down a fricti nkz ui/* pdaeyk*5ulmey. .g:xl4+j9onless plane inclined at an angle q with the horizontal. The gravitational force is di5egkn/mzlypx yj+du.*ie kalu 4: 9*.rected

  Two toy cars (16 kg and 2.0 kg) are released simultaneq fg --omj5.crnr)jvvn.z)/n ously on an inclined plane that makes an anglen .nrro)/n gz -vc-jj5.)fq mv of 30e with the horizontal. Make a statement which best describes their acceleration after being released.

  An object sits on a frictionless suosv:*dzrl 4z dd:lc7*9 3kdmq rface. A 16-N force is applied to the object, and* dom 4dqd3:c:kzz r sv7*d9ll it accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What is the mass of the object?

  A sports car of mass 1000 kg can accelerate from rest to 27 m/s i z*a)y1s*ylrvo-- e pxn 7.0 s. What is the average forwardaevl xrzs1) o-**-ypy force on the car?

  Starting from rest, a 4.0-kg body reaches a speziis pq-.38g z)z3wcjed of 8.0 m/s in 2.0 s. What is the net force az)zi-3p ij3scgq .wz8 cting on the body?

  An antitank weapon fires a 3.00-kg rocket wmh8c:4xkh 0 pihich acquires a speed of 50.0 m/s after tp4 i8:0hxch kmraveling
90.0 cm down a launching tube. Assuming the rocket was accelerated uniformly, what is the average force acted on it?

  If you push a 4.0-kg mass with the same forzazwpa3 -50iqf29 z yyce that you push a 10-kg mass from resai2azypw3 - 5fyz 09zqt,

  What is the mass of a person who weighs 1 vd-v q-o*x(t*: m .ztnlzzb;yo3yk8l10 lb?

  What is the mass of an obje4h syz(h,g( j -qu9ot 2/jtmpnct that weighs 250 N on the surface of the Earth where the acceleration due p( tgz tmy,4 2js-qhn/(ujho9 to gravity is $9.80 \; m/s^2$?

  An object has a mass of 6 sia5yopcfhmz(0i91 1 0 kg on the Earth. What is the mass of the object on the surface of the Moon where the acceleration due to gravity is only 1/6 of that on 5h0pyz1mc f(1 aio si9the Earth?

  Object A weighs 40 N on Earth, and object B weighs 40 N on the Moon. The Moon n*q9i-2gdf )* e9s0hcisdugc's gravity is one-9i * 2h dq)gcugs9ndf*0 scei sixth of Earth's. Compare the masses of the objects.

  Sue and Sean are having a tug-of-war by pulling on oumbnm)+ , ap7ci rse+7pposite ends of a 5.0-kg rope. Sue pulls withe, +m7)7 n+rcubmpsai a 15-N force. What is Sean's force if the rope accelerates toward Sue at $2.0 \; m/s^2$?

  A stack of books rests on a level fricn 8b;wy( e8sinuoa,62khy9pz tionless surface. A force F acts on the stack, and it accelerates a;uyoakn9zw628isb p,y (h8 ne t $3.0 \; m/s^2$. A 1.0 kg book is then added to the stack. The same force is applied, and now the stack accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What was the mass of the original stack?

  A person of weight 480 N sd1u.zh d2v c:wssg dn8wt18fl0+ o7emtands on a scale in an elevator. What will the scale be reading when the eleva t8 sv1:f+hzgm28wdse0wldon. 1d7 cu tor is accelerating downward at $4.00 \; m/s^2$?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If the mass of the+/:a qpqfy k o1z3hy-n person is 60.0 kg and the elevator accelerates downwahz/n1o +y:ka-yp fq q3rd with an acceleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If the mass of the person is 60.0 jfxk.bxn d(52/zg eus79i1kx kg and the elevator accelerates upward with an acceleration ofn/(5s9xik7z e2k 1u .bgxjdfx $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  Two horizontal forces act on a 5.0-kg mass. One forceu6wohc77d0 6rmx6owlym 5nd 9 has a magnitude of 8.0 N and is directed due north. The second force 9crl6w o57oy06n7m w dudh6xm toward the east has a magnitude of 6.0 N. What is the acceleration of the mass?

  An object of mass 6000 a oj9jggu-.;h kg rests on the flatbed of a truck. It is held in place by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping oagjuhg.;-j9 distance if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  An object of mass 6000n ; 6sc*6rpibmhz n0i 0dmt/ w c;zt536xeb9dv kg rests on the flatbed of a truck. It is held in place by metal ;6z50bib s* p6 dnev xnzt90c;c6mwmi3dr /th brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping time if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-1, ifp. y 3+ga3nx6 loeki/x M = 0.60 kg and m = 0.40 kg, what is the magnitude of the acceleration g/x ka 6+y.3nlpxioe3of the system? (Ignore friction and the mass of the pulley.)

  In the Atwood machine sh eiu5xd+uk* je0.)jcsown in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.60 kg and m = 0.40 kg, what is the tension in the string? (Ignore friction and the mass of the pulle . xie)jsd+5*ukjceu 0y.)

  A student pulls a box of books on a smooth horizontal fgs)kuyr.j 2i 4loor with a force of 100 N in a direction o2)ujy4srik g. f $37^{\circ}$ above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the acceleration of the box?

  A student pulls a boj *r4 blcnk c 7s)k)e n63kp6shtei/-qx of books on a smooth horizontal floor with a force of 100 N in a direction of 37.0e above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the normal force on the b6-ek7*cbkl3nts4pj) qkhcsr / n)i6eox?

  A traffic light of we qlm.58x 4vc;z nmnsz yil:-7zight 100 N is supported by two ropes as shown in Fig. 4-2. What a x-nm8z:cm7n;qiv5szz. yll 4re the tensions in the ropes?

  In Fig. 4-2, if the tensions in theu8an+umoe 34 z ropes are 50 N, what is the mass of the trafficzon+84m3u aue light?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in contact with ea i4pk2nsitf5c/d68 a tch other on a frictionless surface. (See Fig. 4-3.) What is the acceleration of 2nca i6d4 tsi/5kp8tfthe more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in contact with each 5mk ji2* +ciojdb;q:5+p hlu oother on a frictionless surface. (See Fig. 4-3.) What is th5:d ;*o5ohp+bck lum+2 jqijie net force on the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connected by a rope. (See Fig. 4-4.) If the 6 0al. tkp28qy acvhh;forward force on the more massive b. ayp ah;68hctk 2vq0lox is F, what is the tension in the connecting rope?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connected by a rope. (See Fig. 4-4.) If theb-k,kx x2)*z5wc ouaq forward force on the more massive box is F, whakxkz o q2w5 x*u)ba-c,t is the acceleration of the less massive box?

Two boxes are connected by a cord running over a pulle+c)i: +wxz9l yv:no6z fl ihf6y as shown in Fig. 4-5. Box I of maf zhlzw69y)f6+ o ilc v:ixn+:ss
8.0 kg rest on the top of the table; the coefficient of kinetic friction between box I and the table is 0.10. Box II has a mass of 15.0 kg.
(a) Draw the free-body diagrams for the two boxes, identifying all of the forces acting on each of the masses.
(b) Calculate the acceleration of the system.
(c) Calculate the tension in the cord.

  The coefficient of static avsdft;) tkx +f)/ji5h nd kinetic frictions between a 3.0-kg box and a desk are 0.40 and 0.30, respectively. What is the net force on the box when a 15 N horih/xf)vfd)st;k +5 jitzontal force is applied to the box?

  The coefficients of static and kinetic frictions for plastic on fc7 lecj+o.1 tho/i t9wood are 0.50 an /f oeic7oj+9.1ltthcd 0.40,
respectively. How much horizontal force would you need to apply to a 3.0 N plastic calculator to start it moving from rest?

  An object slides on a level surface in the +x direction. I4uu kb+,n j8ihh2u0dot slows and comes to a stop with a constant acceleratii,n8h4 jh2koudu bu+0 on of -$2.45 \; m/s^2$. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the object and the floor?

  A 10-kg box sitting on a horizontal s jktt5ia5gafn 0.-myqozk- 3r5 m(kp; urface is pulled by a 5.0-N force. A 3.0-N friction force retards the motion. What is the acqo;nrk ip(k0kmtfygz 55. 3 -tjam5a-celeration of the object?

  A horizontal force of 5.0 N acceleratesau;:nm)us o2i a 4.0-kg mass, from rest, at a rate of $0.50 \; m/s^2$ in the positive direction. What friction force acts on the mass?

  During a hockey game d(uq)z,jb x2wfu6venmn2 ),c, a puck is given an initial speed of 10 m/s. It slides 50 m on the ice before it stops. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the pubv2dx2, w u,)6me)c uqfnz(jnck and the ice?

  During the investigation of a traffic accident, police fivx +eklo m (20kqhm:r(nd skid marks 90.0 m long. They determine the coefficient of friction between the car's tires and the roadway to be 0.500 for the prevailing conditions. Estimate :( h(lve0qrk2m+k oxm the speed of the car when the brakes were applied.

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stacked. (See Fig. 4-6.) The surmi4 hx7un ;sv5 strgmt72s ;j5face between the more massive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive box, what is the static fricth 5 sgvu 5i27tsm;t;rxj4sn7mion force on the less massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stacked. (See bbi 7j;6o k nbg6f5sr1Fig. 4-6.) The surface between the more massive box and the horizonta7s i; 1f6bk5n6gjro bbl surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive box, what is the coefficient of static friction between the boxes?

  An object is on a frictionless inclined plang0d 7yxf*bg s9mqh0/ne. The plane is inclined at an angl hyg/xdb7* 09n0gsqmf e of $30^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. What is the object's acceleration?

  A 10-kg mass slides do-.peor 5 t8lh*jhh.qlp , bb 3mf4m5sown a flat hill that makes an angle of $10^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. If friction is negligible, what is the resultant force on the sled?

  A mass is placed on a smootha l:yk0 ,:gr zy5nw9bt inclined plane with an angle of $37^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. If the inclined plane is 5.0-m long, how long does it take for the mass to reach the bottom of the inclined plane after it is released from rest?

A block lies on a smooth inc6 s75f1qyyv*aafigej0a 0:l y lined plane tilted at an angle of $35^{\circ}$ to the horizontal.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the block.
(b) Determine the block's acceleration as it slides down the inclined plane.
(c) If the block started from rest 8.5 m up the incline from its base, determine the block's speed when it reaches the bottom of the incline.
(d) How long did it take the block to reach the bottom of the inclined plane?

  A wooden block slides directly down jz1,a 0n.oetvan inclined plane, at a constant velocity of j,1teon0za .v6.0 m/s.
What is the coefficient of kinetic friction, if the plane makes an angle of $25^{\circ}$ with the horizontal?

  An object with a mass m slides d-gk7dy6 :ftf iown a rough $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. What is the acceleration of the object?

  An object with a mass mf petlja5;fyf):m fnr *8m f6/3r2d gu qyi*7p slides down a rough $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. If the plane is 10 m long and the mass starts from rest, what will be its speed at the bottom of the plane?

  A bulldozer drags a log weighing 500 N along a rough surface. The cable attachxe )i :um*brx hk8md p7x(t8 rr+7h(/3kgmmpfed to the log makes an angle oi(78 r mxm*trpm7:h k )+gu rxfbkdx38/p hm(ef $30.0^{\circ}$ with the ground. The coefficient of static friction between the log and the ground is 0.500. What minimum tension is required in the cable in order for the log to begin to move?

A 25.0-kg box is released from rest on a rough inix(f v4b7htd 7x*m v 2fuu v+dl5qs/q6clined plane tilted at an angle of fvm x*xu/vdb ihsvq+4u27qt5d( 67l f$33.5^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.200.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the box.
(b) Determine the force of kinetic friction acting on the box.
(c) Determine the acceleration of the box as it slides down the inclined plane.

  An object is placed on an inclined plane. The angle of incline is graduao 2:/ +rj lqhrxhqre1+lly increased until the object begins to slide. The angle at which this occurs is q. What is the coefficient of static friction between the obx /q2 1h+l hj:e+qrrorject and the plane?