Hydrocarbons are com(d b.(ukq,g eks-z.pw monly used as fuels.
1.1.Define average bond enthalpy.
1.2.Write a balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of propene ($CH_4CHCH_2$).
2.Using section 11 (Section 12- 2025 Syllabus) of the data booklet, calculate the enthalpy of combustion for propene.
ΔH=-  kJ mol$^{-1}$
Important note: The section numbers mentioned in the video solution are specific to the 2024 syllabus.
You can refer to the question stem to find the section numbers for the 2025 syllabus.

  Which of the following is correct for;ov q3pxf zgh:: sf4t. crude oil?

1.Write balanced chemical equations for the reactions belohh:0,-s z vmqqw:

1.1.Combustion of decane in excess of oxygen.
1.2.Combustion of butane in a limited supply of oxygen.
1.3.Complete combustion of ethanol.

2.Specify the test and its result to identify the presence of a double bond in ethene ($C_2H_4$). Support your answer with a balanced chemical equation.

3.Write an equation to show the polymerization of ethene and write the name of the polymer.

  What is the correct order ohtxcjo 7wm/2 0f specific energy from highest to lowest for methane, hydrogen gas, ethanol, and butane?27x/jw0coh tm
Use the enthalpies of combustion in Table 14 of the data booklet.

  For the combustion of magnesium, which of the followingldm/ cprztpp17q8d , 3 are correct for the products and enthalpy of plcqt7m,8dpz 13/d pr reaction?
Mg(s)+$O_2$(g)→? ΔH?

  What is the sum of the coefficients in the balanced equation for the comby9d4ie96el b bustion of silver metal to form solid silver oxid 6lb 9eyd9eb4ie?

  Which of the following correctly states the products for the combustion of butane under conditions where there is very little oxygen?

  Ethanol in biofuel is produced through which of the following methods?

  Which of the following correctly depicts the product(s) at tx/o /qc(ep,e ug3-z.,vh qkjw he cathode and the direction of elecq (j3ee,/ h. gwpz-cu,x/kqov tron flow in an electrochemical fuel cell?

  For an electrochemical fuel cell in acidic conditions using methanol as the fuem* q+mon fsop0m3(n/rl source, which of the following correctly describes the balanced reactions occurring at thef3sor om*( n0qnm+p/m anode and at the cathode?

  How many electrons are transferred in the balanced equation sic cvri1z46 lq/kq*zcy:2/pin a hydrogen fuel cell : izc*rpsky/qz6 ci /4cl12vqunder acidic conditions?

Overall reaction:2$H_2$(g)+$O_2$(g)→2$H_2O$(l)

  Which type of fuel is2bj i0dvrl 5sp.- 8yoi most likely to undergo incomplete combustion?

  Energy sources can be designated as either renewableet1*e-h kgnmc5mhk 0(vo 6py8 or non-renewable, with efficiency calculated based on the amount of energy that can be produced when combusting a certain amount of(8k56hvk0*p mt h1n yegeco -m fuel.

1.State the balanced chemical equation, with state symbols, for the complete combustion of ethanol $C_2H_5OH$ as a component of biofuel.

2.Calculate the amount of heat energy in kJ released for the combustion of ethanol if 10.0dm$^3$ of $CO_2$ is produced at STP using Sections 2 and 14 of the data booklet. It=  kJ

3.Natural gas is a common fuel with a 70−90% methane composition. Assuming that a sample of natural gas is 70% methane, and using Sections 2 and 14 of the data booklet, calculate the volume of natural gas at STP that would be required to produce the same amount of heat energy as calculated for ethanol in (b).
If no answer was determined for (b), use 405 kJ for this question.
volume =  dm$^3$ natural gas
4.Using Sections 7 and 14 of the data booklet and a calculation to support your answer, state which fuel,  ----待选择----ethanol methane  has a higher specific energy.

5.State whether natural gas is renewable or non-renewable and describe one advantage and one disadvantage to its use.