Hydrocarbons are commonly used as fuekh n5q:gps-k+tqv) gb m68. 8b8k wplgls.
1.1.Define average bond enthalpy.
1.2.Write a balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of propene ($C{H}_{4}CHC{H}_2$).
2.Using section 11 (Section 12- 2025 Syllabus) of the data booklet, calculate the enthalpy of combustion for propene.
ΔH=-  kJ mol${}^{-1}$
Important note: The section numbers mentioned in the video solution are specific to the 2024 syllabus.
You can refer to the question stem to find the section numbers for the 2025 syllabus.

  Which of the following:65*yk++c2mt iyyaqp5 quqiv is correct for crude oil?

1.Write balanced chemic-ss u+4e l y47jp1fybcal equations for the reactions below:

1.1.Combustion of decane in excess of oxygen.
1.2.Combustion of butane in a limited supply of oxygen.
1.3.Complete combustion of ethanol.

2.Specify the test and its result to identify the presence of a double bond in ethene ($C_2{H}_4$). Support your answer with a balanced chemical equation.

3.Write an equation to show the polymerization of ethene and write the name of the polymer.

  What is the correct order of spefmpa08 r).qavcific energy from highest to lowest for methane, 0r.p fv)a8mq ahydrogen gas, ethanol, and butane?
Use the enthalpies of combustion in Table 14 of the data booklet.

  For the combustion of magnesium, which of531mo4cefh dl9f5jlf the following are correct for the products an5f1ocf3 d el4m fj59hld enthalpy of reaction?
Mg(s)+$O_2$(g)→? ΔH?

  What is the sum of the coefficients in the ba .dlv s;d0xogd)4r x3vlanced equation for the combustion of silver metal to fdxvvl0 .dx;rso)g 3 4dorm solid silver oxide?

  Which of the following correctly states the products for the combustion of butane under conditions where there is very little oxygen?

  Ethanol in biofuel is produced through which of the following methods?

  Which of the following correctly d:9ko j+ yt6pdtepicts the product(s) at the cathode and the direction of electron flow in an electkd9:6yotj p +trochemical fuel cell?

  For an electrochemical fuel cell ins.k+b3 umc3 7 -izuvjo acidic conditions using methanol as the fuel source, which of the following corruv c7s3ub o.imkz3j+ -ectly describes the balanced reactions occurring at the anode and at the cathode?

  How many electrons are transferred 8 7w/ y2aygote:-c dam ksg06gin the balanced equation in a hydrogen fuel cell under ay7mo-c6ky: a8a 2d gs0egwtg/cidic conditions?

Overall reaction:2$H_2$(g)+$O_2$(g)→2$H_{2}O$(l)

  Which type of fuel is mosv9e2t6c 1p wqet likely to undergo incomplete combustion?

  Energy sources can be designated as eith9/p yjqexl)1ib 1qso7er renewable or non-renewable, with efficiency calculated based on qx)71y epjqb9is /lo1 the amount of energy that can be produced when combusting a certain amount of fuel.

1.State the balanced chemical equation, with state symbols, for the complete combustion of ethanol $C_2{H}_{5}OH$ as a component of biofuel.

2.Calculate the amount of heat energy in kJ released for the combustion of ethanol if 10.0dm${}^3$ of $C{O}_2$ is produced at STP using Sections 2 and 14 of the data booklet. It=  kJ

3.Natural gas is a common fuel with a 70−90% methane composition. Assuming that a sample of natural gas is 70% methane, and using Sections 2 and 14 of the data booklet, calculate the volume of natural gas at STP that would be required to produce the same amount of heat energy as calculated for ethanol in (b).
If no answer was determined for (b), use 405 kJ for this question.
volume =  dm${}^3$ natural gas
4.Using Sections 7 and 14 of the data booklet and a calculation to support your answer, state which fuel,  ----待选择----ethanol methane  has a higher specific energy.

5.State whether natural gas is renewable or non-renewable and describe one advantage and one disadvantage to its use.