Hydrocarbons are commonlrf7j n 0iet,l+y used as fuels.
1.1.Define average bond enthalpy.
1.2.Write a balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of propene ($CH_4CHCH_2$).
2.Using section 11 (Section 12- 2025 Syllabus) of the data booklet, calculate the enthalpy of combustion for propene.
ΔH=-  kJ mol$^{-1}$
Important note: The section numbers mentioned in the video solution are specific to the 2024 syllabus.
You can refer to the question stem to find the section numbers for the 2025 syllabus.

  Which of the following is correct for cru1q7wa*pi l qtbl .l5,bde oil?

1.Write balanced chemical equations for the reacti21fyrz9 m5,t emj0h zuons below:

1.1.Combustion of decane in excess of oxygen.
1.2.Combustion of butane in a limited supply of oxygen.
1.3.Complete combustion of ethanol.

2.Specify the test and its result to identify the presence of a double bond in ethene ($C_2H_4$). Support your answer with a balanced chemical equation.

3.Write an equation to show the polymerization of ethene and write the name of the polymer.

  What is the correct order of specific energy from highesto(df;hu** 9*g v1ig ,skwzhvh to lowest for methane, hydrov fgh z,d *1h(*siu ghw*9okv;gen gas, ethanol, and butane?
Use the enthalpies of combustion in Table 14 of the data booklet.

  For the combustion of magnesium, which of the following are correct for the pro0,klzk6 bjw 16zem1p mlnr)qhj:)t f4ducts and enthalpy of reactiofqe64)t :z60ljz rl, jbnmmw1kh 1pk) n?
Mg(s)+$O_2$(g)→? ΔH?

  What is the sum of the coeffi.xhwfbs 6,qvuvz3 o++l 52cmjcients in the balanced equation for the combustion of silver metal to form solid sv6q foxs 5cmu3,+w vb.2jz hl+ilver oxide?

  Which of the following correctly states the products for the combustion of butane under conditions where there is very little oxygen?

  Ethanol in biofuel is produced through which of the following methods?

  Which of the following cc)hn)y kfvt o d8s(ph;rl m101orrectly depicts the product(s) at the cathode and the direction of ele fy1 ))pncm o;(hhk0vsrt1dl8ctron flow in an electrochemical fuel cell?

  For an electrochemical fuel cell in acidic conditions using methano 9drl1p5xrr0 ygq 8y7 fmmbo9uda; rj sa9+2,dl as the fuel source, which of the following correctly describes the balanced reactions oy bs9mar7o8r0;y, 2u+a x59 m9qddrldrp j1fgccurring at the anode and at the cathode?

  How many electrons are .*9lq8n,txgcm kwju) transferred in the balanced equation in a hydrogen fuel cell under acidic conditio gmcqu,j89nxl. )w*tkns?

Overall reaction:2$H_2$(g)+$O_2$(g)→2$H_2O$(l)

  Which type of fuel is most likely to (zv6p: .c;wfm4 nzifk74aw b6i /yw cuundergo incomplete combustion?

  Energy sources can be designated as either renewable or non-renewable, with efnjbr0rb 9f/gbb3t* a 3ficiency calculated based on the amount of energy that b9jgf/t3n*0 bb3a brrcan be produced when combusting a certain amount of fuel.

1.State the balanced chemical equation, with state symbols, for the complete combustion of ethanol $C_2H_5OH$ as a component of biofuel.

2.Calculate the amount of heat energy in kJ released for the combustion of ethanol if 10.0dm$^3$ of $CO_2$ is produced at STP using Sections 2 and 14 of the data booklet. It=  kJ

3.Natural gas is a common fuel with a 70−90% methane composition. Assuming that a sample of natural gas is 70% methane, and using Sections 2 and 14 of the data booklet, calculate the volume of natural gas at STP that would be required to produce the same amount of heat energy as calculated for ethanol in (b).
If no answer was determined for (b), use 405 kJ for this question.
volume =  dm$^3$ natural gas
4.Using Sections 7 and 14 of the data booklet and a calculation to support your answer, state which fuel,  ----待选择----ethanol methane  has a higher specific energy.

5.State whether natural gas is renewable or non-renewable and describe one advantage and one disadvantage to its use.