Hydrocarbons are commonly used w5gr9.ppnt8k e z3r) yas fuels.
1.1.Define average bond enthalpy.
1.2.Write a balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of propene ($CH_4CHCH_2$).
2.Using section 11 (Section 12- 2025 Syllabus) of the data booklet, calculate the enthalpy of combustion for propene.
ΔH=-  kJ mol$^{-1}$
Important note: The section numbers mentioned in the video solution are specific to the 2024 syllabus.
You can refer to the question stem to find the section numbers for the 2025 syllabus.

  Which of the following isc+gu nw+gns2* correct for crude oil?

1.Write balanced chemgwd mc-pvp0 7g fje4p4+s-i5wical equations for the reactions below:

1.1.Combustion of decane in excess of oxygen.
1.2.Combustion of butane in a limited supply of oxygen.
1.3.Complete combustion of ethanol.

2.Specify the test and its result to identify the presence of a double bond in ethene ($C_2H_4$). Support your answer with a balanced chemical equation.

3.Write an equation to show the polymerization of ethene and write the name of the polymer.

  What is the correct order of sp6f y/s9ahg+q 8tow*v*vaow j+v,+ bb wecific energy from highest to lowest for methane, hydrogen gas, ethanol,aj*,w h*v+bb6s/w+gqo 8 avwyo9 vtf+ and butane?
Use the enthalpies of combustion in Table 14 of the data booklet.

  For the combustion of magnesium, which of the following asw a9pfm++,xslbg2q6u d 8m3wre correct for the products and entugpdma6,m2sf q+lwx +8 sb39w halpy of reaction?
Mg(s)+$O_2$(g)→? ΔH?

  What is the sum of the coefficients in the balancej zyoqx ms 6y0ad -r:8j73mz1ld equation for the combustion of silver metal to form solid silve8x7m zr0dq m:6-y13zlsaojyj r oxide?

  Which of the following correctly states the products for the combustion of butane under conditions where there is very little oxygen?

  Ethanol in biofuel is produced through which of the following methods?

  Which of the following correctly depicts thkhomo-1baw *on wn3a n)g5;n60etp8xcc +5d o e product(s) at the cathode and the direction of electron flow inc)nbd5 o pto+oa5 h 0gcw;8n *n61 nme-awk3xo an electrochemical fuel cell?

  For an electrochemical fuel cell in acidic conditions using methanol as the (f8*l7 lc)hf tclgu9tfuel source, which of the following corr(8*fg79h c)ulftc ltl ectly describes the balanced reactions occurring at the anode and at the cathode?

  How many electrons are transferred in the balanced equation8 6 u*r4c0bm1lm vysw2y0sstp in a hydrogen fuel cell under acidic conditionr s10c4s8ulvts w2yy6mb*pm0 s?

Overall reaction:2$H_2$(g)+$O_2$(g)→2$H_2O$(l)

  Which type of fuel is most t/msjv1fylru2 m-+x :likely to undergo incomplete combustion?

  Energy sources can be designated as du66wd:t d.x8c5p lugeither renewable or non-renewable, with efficiency calculated based on the amount of energy that can bw 58dult6x6: pd ug.cde produced when combusting a certain amount of fuel.

1.State the balanced chemical equation, with state symbols, for the complete combustion of ethanol $C_2H_5OH$ as a component of biofuel.

2.Calculate the amount of heat energy in kJ released for the combustion of ethanol if 10.0dm$^3$ of $CO_2$ is produced at STP using Sections 2 and 14 of the data booklet. It=  kJ

3.Natural gas is a common fuel with a 70−90% methane composition. Assuming that a sample of natural gas is 70% methane, and using Sections 2 and 14 of the data booklet, calculate the volume of natural gas at STP that would be required to produce the same amount of heat energy as calculated for ethanol in (b).
If no answer was determined for (b), use 405 kJ for this question.
volume =  dm$^3$ natural gas
4.Using Sections 7 and 14 of the data booklet and a calculation to support your answer, state which fuel,  ----待选择----ethanol methane  has a higher specific energy.

5.State whether natural gas is renewable or non-renewable and describe one advantage and one disadvantage to its use.