Hydrocarbons are commonlybf0**-a g fs--ztm 6h,yeuqzl used as fuels.
1.1.Define average bond enthalpy.
1.2.Write a balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of propene ($CH_4CHCH_2$).
2.Using section 11 (Section 12- 2025 Syllabus) of the data booklet, calculate the enthalpy of combustion for propene.
ΔH=-  kJ mol$^{-1}$
Important note: The section numbers mentioned in the video solution are specific to the 2024 syllabus.
You can refer to the question stem to find the section numbers for the 2025 syllabus.

  Which of the following is cv+q+ - o f*)b(oobwtljorrect for crude oil?

1.Write balanced chemical equatio6 4 rz1q.k7bvw4obhq hns for the reactions below:

1.1.Combustion of decane in excess of oxygen.
1.2.Combustion of butane in a limited supply of oxygen.
1.3.Complete combustion of ethanol.

2.Specify the test and its result to identify the presence of a double bond in ethene ($C_2H_4$). Support your answer with a balanced chemical equation.

3.Write an equation to show the polymerization of ethene and write the name of the polymer.

  What is the correct order of specific enembesc1xi3 v3qwyb 1,bid/ )9rrgy from highest to lowest for methane, hvs1myx3w 3)c1b bdqbii 9 r/,eydrogen gas, ethanol, and butane?
Use the enthalpies of combustion in Table 14 of the data booklet.

  For the combustion of magnsrd. h;cd4zd7esium, which of the following are correct for the products and enthalpy of reactizdrdh7d.;4s c on?
Mg(s)+$O_2$(g)→? ΔH?

  What is the sum of the coefficienfqyd f*sei6i(*h w ;u,ts in the balanced equation for the combustion of silver metal to yusi*; hqw(fi6*de f, form solid silver oxide?

  Which of the following correctly states the products for the combustion of butane under conditions where there is very little oxygen?

  Ethanol in biofuel is produced through which of the following methods?

  Which of the following cor/r mk (brgoe 57-1rsjw*+ bkhlrectly depicts the product(s) at the cathode and the direction kr*m-+7owgk(ebh j br/slr51of electron flow in an electrochemical fuel cell?

  For an electrochemical fuel cell in acidic conditions using methano6cvol (+sazv :l as the fuel source, which of the following correctly describes the balanced reaction6avz lc v(o:+ss occurring at the anode and at the cathode?

  How many electrons are tran.2n+bxqw bl:rgi ; 4rksferred in the balanced equation in a hydrogen fuel cell under acidic conditg:4b;q . 2 k+rxlibwrnions?

Overall reaction:2$H_2$(g)+$O_2$(g)→2$H_2O$(l)

  Which type of fuel is most likely to undergo incomplete combusti5gyze wux 9u62s hiu2.on?

  Energy sources can be desbum ta6w , 3mh;v(g-jsignated as either renewable or non-renewable, with efficiency calculated based on the amount of energy that can be produced when combusting a certain amount vbmtjhmau;3sg-w (6 , of fuel.

1.State the balanced chemical equation, with state symbols, for the complete combustion of ethanol $C_2H_5OH$ as a component of biofuel.

2.Calculate the amount of heat energy in kJ released for the combustion of ethanol if 10.0dm$^3$ of $CO_2$ is produced at STP using Sections 2 and 14 of the data booklet. It=  kJ

3.Natural gas is a common fuel with a 70−90% methane composition. Assuming that a sample of natural gas is 70% methane, and using Sections 2 and 14 of the data booklet, calculate the volume of natural gas at STP that would be required to produce the same amount of heat energy as calculated for ethanol in (b).
If no answer was determined for (b), use 405 kJ for this question.
volume =  dm$^3$ natural gas
4.Using Sections 7 and 14 of the data booklet and a calculation to support your answer, state which fuel,  ----待选择----ethanol methane  has a higher specific energy.

5.State whether natural gas is renewable or non-renewable and describe one advantage and one disadvantage to its use.