Hydrocarbons are commonly used as fuer0d f((ucmaeise:/( 0gebm 8v ls.
1.1.Define average bond enthalpy.
1.2.Write a balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of propene ($CH_4CHCH_2$).
2.Using section 11 (Section 12- 2025 Syllabus) of the data booklet, calculate the enthalpy of combustion for propene.
ΔH=-  kJ mol$^{-1}$
Important note: The section numbers mentioned in the video solution are specific to the 2024 syllabus.
You can refer to the question stem to find the section numbers for the 2025 syllabus.

  Which of the following is correct a.tg1 hr d1aao ez3e20;jy w*ffor crude oil?

1.Write balanced chemical equati.nv+,f ,0qlqaq8o axzouhh p9(b0x b 1ons for the reactions below:

1.1.Combustion of decane in excess of oxygen.
1.2.Combustion of butane in a limited supply of oxygen.
1.3.Complete combustion of ethanol.

2.Specify the test and its result to identify the presence of a double bond in ethene ($C_2H_4$). Support your answer with a balanced chemical equation.

3.Write an equation to show the polymerization of ethene and write the name of the polymer.

  What is the correct order of specific energy /d9 wp6vb.vw pu5 99if / qllg82dxtiafrom highest to lowest for methane, h9v qw pp9b 8/.2lt5ivu69fad gx/ idlwydrogen gas, ethanol, and butane?
Use the enthalpies of combustion in Table 14 of the data booklet.

  For the combustion of magnesium, which of)un6l k.mct8 ux+ko:/+e9mkul.7gr on nz0ea the following are correct for the produa o80) tzl+:ukuk7er.m.nlog+ n6n9 ucke/ mxcts and enthalpy of reaction?
Mg(s)+$O_2$(g)→? ΔH?

  What is the sum of the coefficients in the balanced equation for t-d fy 5)etwa*hia)1bh he combustion of silver metal to form-1hewaa id 5f ty*)h)b solid silver oxide?

  Which of the following correctly states the products for the combustion of butane under conditions where there is very little oxygen?

  Ethanol in biofuel is produced through which of the following methods?

  Which of the following correctly depicts the product(s) at the cathode and the80d 6-ow ygcvrzbl q5d8co;1e direction of electron fdz068cd 1g8vlyeo -or qw;cb 5low in an electrochemical fuel cell?

  For an electrochemical fuel cell in acidic conditions using mn tr8 bx(qkbk ctytqg-;8v1-8kt+h3tethanol as the fuel source, which of the followingt 13tgtt -k nr+t8-b8yk8cb(q;khx qv correctly describes the balanced reactions occurring at the anode and at the cathode?

  How many electrons are transferred in the balanced -x.f2txd ez;l9qt4 ssxfita9 0x-8nhequation in a hydrogen fuel cell under acidic conditil82atdxf xtisn-z9q; x 4e0-s.hfx9 tons?

Overall reaction:2$H_2$(g)+$O_2$(g)→2$H_2O$(l)

  Which type of fuel is moe lgt vr+1 p)fp.caen7 7z5z2ost likely to undergo incomplete combustion?

  Energy sources can be designated as either rlz r28i:ef*wgenewable or non-renewable, with efficiency calculated based on the amount of energy that can be produced when combusting a certainilz*:g ref28w amount of fuel.

1.State the balanced chemical equation, with state symbols, for the complete combustion of ethanol $C_2H_5OH$ as a component of biofuel.

2.Calculate the amount of heat energy in kJ released for the combustion of ethanol if 10.0dm$^3$ of $CO_2$ is produced at STP using Sections 2 and 14 of the data booklet. It=  kJ

3.Natural gas is a common fuel with a 70−90% methane composition. Assuming that a sample of natural gas is 70% methane, and using Sections 2 and 14 of the data booklet, calculate the volume of natural gas at STP that would be required to produce the same amount of heat energy as calculated for ethanol in (b).
If no answer was determined for (b), use 405 kJ for this question.
volume =  dm$^3$ natural gas
4.Using Sections 7 and 14 of the data booklet and a calculation to support your answer, state which fuel,  ----待选择----ethanol methane  has a higher specific energy.

5.State whether natural gas is renewable or non-renewable and describe one advantage and one disadvantage to its use.