A voltmeter reading is recorded as 100.0 V ,n9 3je k5edlq+/- 2%. Which of the following could be the actuj5n9l, d3 qkeeal value?

I.98.0V
II.97.2V
III.101.3V

  A student recorded the volume of a gas as 0.04- wr4bdg vle;3row9/k056m$^3$. How many significant figures does the recorded value have?

  Which of the below features8 ghe*hw.rs1w must be included in a sketched graph?

I.Labelled axes
II.Scaled axes
III.Plotted points

  For the graph below, slnod:2g), +rmximn .ctate the appropriate units for the y-intercept.

  Which statement best describes the relationship between x and y on the graph a6t) kwwrcp-0) 8fim ubelow? ka wc)t-)rium80w6p f

For a first order reaction, the relationship between rate and the concentration r/7e yvp zc it3oj-(b,of a reactant, [A], can be shown using the followingei -7,3 p/ vjzy(ctbro equation: rate =k[A].
The data below gives the rate information for the first order reaction that proceeds in the thermal decomposition of reactant A.



1.On the axes above, draw a graph based on the provided data.
2.The effect of time on the concentration of reactant B for a zero-order reaction was plotted on the graph below.

(i)Draw a line of best fit on the graph above.
2.Describe the relationship between time and concentration.

  Which of the below gives the corresw;0/ ebttsplil ;n)4b499fklfx,vq ct units for the gradient of this line?

  A student is measuring the temperature change of an endothermic reactioddaegwly a, t py/r78l,9h+/y n.
Calculate the temperature change and identify the corresponding error.



Temperature decrease:  $^{\circ}C$$\pm$  $^{\circ}C$

  The relationship between pressure and ta1(./fxa er6fi+ otjkemperature of a known volume and amount of gas can be described using Gay-Lussac’s law which states that prreox/.(j 1aaf+f 6iktessure is directly proportional to temperature.P∝T
Where P is pressure in Pa, and T is temperature in K.




1.On the axes above, sketch the graph of P∝T.

2.State two features that would need to be added to your sketched graph to turn it into a drawn graph.

3.The proportionality can be shown in an equation by incorporating a constant, k. The equation becomes P=kT, and follows the format of the equation of a straight line.

3.1.State the feature of a straight line that k represents in this context.
The feature is   .
3.2.Deduce the y-intercept of the straight line.
it is   (Pa).

  What is the value for the gradient of the graph below with t8yc c rwu)ojt3*h,d5a he correct units?

  A given mass of magnesium was added to 500cm$^3$ of aqueous hydrochloric acid in a Styrofoam cup to form magnesium chloride. The temperature at the start was 18$^{\circ}C$ and and after the magnesium had dissolved, the temperature rose to 20$^{\circ}C$.
1.State a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
2.Given that the change in enthalpy,ΔH is 0.185kJ and the specific heat capacity of water is 4.18J g$^{-1}$K$^{-1}$,calculate the mass of magnesium added to the hydrochloric acid.
m=  g
3.Determine the systematic errors caused by the use of styrofoam cups.

Solid sodium carbonate reacts with excess nitric acid of 0.1 mol dm$^{-1}$ as shown in the equation below:
$Na_2CO_3$(s)+2$HNO_3$(aq) → $H_2O$(l) +$CO_2$(g)+2$NaNO_3$(aq)
1.State a method to measure the rate of reaction other than measuring the volume of gas collected.
2.1.Sketch a graph to show the volume of gas produced over time.
2.2.Explain the shape of your graph using the collision theory.


3.On the same graph as in part(bi), sketch another line to show the volume of gas collected over time at a concentration of 0.05 molcdm$^{-3}$ of nitric acid and label it as X.


4.Suggest and describe a factor other than the concentration that can affect the rate of the above reaction.

  Which statement best describes the relationship bet8:* uoobhcq;ckaqo .r;fj 59tween the rate and H$^+$ oncentration, in a graph with the equation: rate =k[H$^+$]$^2$?

  In a first order reaction, the concentration [A] of a given react9zxiokxhg+/chkq)hki :l* f * d,nz)( ant can be determined at time t, according to the equation bel,xz *)ihl:k xhc +fgok k)i9dq/nh(*z ow, where [A]$_o$ is the initial concentration of A and k is the rate constant.
ln[A]=-kt+ln[A]$_o$

  The enthalpy of neutralization for 4grddbb7( 3 f iqc0 r8x*o+prethe reaction between sulfuric acid and potassium hbqb0r p8g3oc+* x ie(7 frd4rdydroxide can be determined experimentally.
$H_2SO_4$(aq)+2KOH(aq)→$K_2SO_4$(aq)+2$H_2O$(l)
A student recorded the temperature of 20.0cm$^3$ of 0.500 mold m$^{-3}$
sulfuric acid every minute. At four minutes,25.0cm$^3$KOH(aq) is added to the solution, stirred immediately, and temperature recorded for another four minutes. The results are represented in the graph below.

1.Calculate the lowest concentration of aqueous KOH that must be used to ensure it is in excess.
C$_{KOH}$=  mold m$^{-3}$
2.Use the graph above to estimate a value for the maximum temperature change,ΔT.
ΔT=  $^{\circ}$
3.State one assumption you made in part (b).
4.Identify the anomalous result and suggest a possible type and source of error.
5.In another experiment with the same reactants, the student measured the initial and final temperatures and presented their results below:
Initial Temperature ($^{\circ}$C $\pm$$^{\circ}$C) 24.8 25.1 24.9
Final Temperature($^{\circ}$C $\pm$$^{\circ}$C) 26.4 26.6 26.4
1.Calculate the average change in temperature (ΔT)giving its percentage uncertainty.
Average=  $^{\circ}$C; Absolute uncertainty=$\pm$  $^{\circ}$C; Percentage uncertainty=  %
2.Use sections 1 and 2 of the data booklet to calculate the energy released and its uncertainty. You may assume that the only source of uncertainty is from the temperature change.
Energy released (q)=  J;Uncertainty=$\pm$  J

  Determine the type of variable ak so;at02;knqdf5v gbv n6-4nnd correct axis for ΔH in a graph to show how ΔH is s; n bnq4-fg60v;d2 k tnkov5aaffected by the length of the carbon chain.

  The initial mass of a mortar containing a solid was recorded to bmz.+ip -etzu, e 109.34 g. The mortar was heated, and the final mass was recorded to be 81.92 g. What value should be recorded for the mass lost in gra. t,iz+um z-pems?

  The half-life of a second order reaction ca/;d+z m lrps o8un3 zqw* -zvdm,8iv+xn be expressed according to the equation rl 8s*wm +/ um8nv3izz,dvqdo; zp+x -below.
t$^{$\frac{1}{2}$}$=$\frac{1}{k[A]_0}$
Where t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ =half-life,[$[A]_0$]= initial concentration of reactant A,and k is a constant.
Which two variables plotted against each other would produce a straight line?
I.t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ VS $\frac{1}{k}$
II.t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ VS $[A]_0$
III.t$^{$\frac{1}{2}$}$ VS $\frac{1}{[A]_0}$

  A piece of sodium metalk c p-9dvq8u/b has a mass of 13.02 g and a volume of 13.4 cm$^3$. What is the most precise density that can be reported?

1.State the complete balanced equation for the reaction bekdjhxyq6guna)r/ v+8*t8 pk ,tween sulphuric acid and coppe8kx) ,/gjuhq+a*pr 8vn dk6ytr (II) oxide.
2.State the complete balanced equation for the reaction between ethanoic acid and potassium carbonate.
3.Outline two ways to monitor the rate of reaction for reaction (b) above.

  The relationship between energy, E, and wavetvlzqm67 b8 z b:7ph:w34ai: 7paxizblength, λ, is shown according to the equation belowzti 4:pi:z7 q 73b l:7xazp8bb 6vmhaw.
E=$\frac{hc}{λ}$

Which of the below statements are correct for the graph below representing E=$\frac{hc}{λ}$?
I.Energy and wavelength are directly proportional
II.The units for the gradient are J m$^{-1}$
III.The y-intercept has the units J

  The feasibility of a reaction proceeduonvet618feg ysci)5dz6c u fi: -9q(ing spontaneously can be predicted using the followi1-ue6(g fz s6cyuqvietoc9df:n5)8 ing equation:
ΔG=−TΔS+ΔH.
Where ΔG is the change in Gibb’s free energy, ΔS is the change in entropy, and ΔH is the change in enthalpy.




1.When ΔG<0, a reaction can be described as spontaneous. Use the graph above to deduce the lowest temperature at Read graph at which the reaction becomes spontaneous.
Read graph at ΔG=0,  K.
2.Calculate the gradient of the line and state its units.
3.Use your answer to part (b) to deduce the value and correct units for ΔS.
ΔS=  kJ mol$^{-1}$K$^{-1}$
4.Use the graph to determine the value for ΔG when the temperature is raised to 675K.
5.Calculate a value for y-intercept and state the correct units.
Substitution of (x,y) values and slope into equation with correct evaluation=  .(c=)

  The potential of a cell under non-standard conditions can be calculateqqo-(,amsirib t0i(.* kn 8ged using th08,bg*(i .nsimqkq i(o-at ere Nernst equation:
E=E$^θ$=$\frac{RT}{nF}$ln$_Q$
For the graph below, which components of the equation represent the gradient and the y-intercept?

  The relationship between the concentration of a reactant, A,5xht0v-o n cfq-pbb c+ -*6vfk and the time, for a secondx 5-c*- +fbf0b-6qhc tnvopkv-order reaction can be expressed using the equation below:
$\frac{1}{[A]}$=kt+$\frac{1}{[A]_o}$
Where [A] is the concentration of reactant A,$[A]_o$,is the initial concentration of reactant A,t is the time in seconds, and k is a constant.

1.Calculate the gradient of the line and state the correct units.
2.Use the graph to determine $[A]_o$ (also known as the initial concentration of A)
$[A]_o$=  mol dm$^{-3}$
3.Determine the time at which the concentration of A is equal to an eighth of its initial concentration.
(If you were unable to complete parts (a), and (b), you may use k=0.02, and $A_o$=42)
[A]=  mold m$^{-3}$;Substitute and rearrange:  seconds

  Which of the below gives the correct average titre z xez,p0hd4ujb 8,*elwith its uncertainty?
Initial volume $\pm $0.05 c m$^{3}$ 0.00 23.15 0.00
Final volume $\pm $0.05 c m$^{3}$ 23.15 46.25 23.20

  The length of a thread was being measured using a 50 cm wooden rule+ :w4l :lwi k6l9+lye0aji5koynv+by r with a 1 mm increment. The + by+l6a:4wkiwkvli+ ljlen59y0 o:yreading for the beginning of the thread was 12.6 cm while the reading for the end of the thread was 45.3 cm. Which of the following is the largest possible length of the thread?

  The ideal gas equation allows pressure to be calculated according to the eq5f ypyi 7itr20uationiy 0iry tfp257,
P=$\frac{nRT}{V}$.
This allows a straight line to be drawn for the effect of $\frac{1}{V}$ on P.

For the sketched graph above, which components of the equation P=$\frac{nRT}{V}$,relate to the gradient and
y-intercept of the straight line?

  A student recorded the mass of solid NaCl as 1200 g. Which of3s ne,mb gkm-yg05xy(i94lft the following is correct about the number of significant figures reco0lysfg9,my( m4kb-3 x nit eg5rded?

  2.00 ± 0.02 g $NaClO_3$ were dissolved in 2.0 ± 0.5 dm$^3$ distilled water.

Which row gives the correct concentration in gd m$^{-3}$ and relative uncertainty?

  A student is measuring the density of a solution. He recorded the data in th4qn: opjx1 8lcm1fh*f e following table.xjfq4h1*m8 o nlfp:c1

1.Write the expression of the average density of the solution in a fraction form (make sure to include the absolute uncertainties for each physical quantity).
2.Calculate its corresponding uncertainty. Show your work clearly.
   $\pm$    %