A voltmeter reading is recorded as 100.0 V +/- 2%. Which of the fol6b*l e)2g )vt42x6vfohnbgaa 82x hcglowing could be the actco tge x2)a 8 fbgvg2havb)6*6lnx42hual value?

I.98.0V
II.97.2V
III.101.3V

  A student recorded the volume of a gas as 0.0401:mc s+*d4d :mqa:wc29 ze xe vhu.tuj56m$^3$. How many significant figures does the recorded value have?

  Which of the below features must be incluxeg09p (q,).rh/w eexi:x h ksded in a sketched graph?

I.Labelled axes
II.Scaled axes
III.Plotted points

  For the graph below, state the appropriate units for the y-interceptvwr 5mg6peq) 7.

  Which statement best descrowgx8g:4nav2sx :cf )ibes the relationship between x and y on the graph belg :na82:o4vc x xwsfg)ow?

For a first order reaction, the relationship between ray / fe85fte/gikei :msr z3:1ate and the concentration of a reactant, [A], can be sr/g1/5aeetfs mizyfk8 3 ie: :hown using the following equation: rate =k[A].
The data below gives the rate information for the first order reaction that proceeds in the thermal decomposition of reactant A.



1.On the axes above, draw a graph based on the provided data.
2.The effect of time on the concentration of reactant B for a zero-order reaction was plotted on the graph below.

(i)Draw a line of best fit on the graph above.
2.Describe the relationship between time and concentration.

  Which of the below gives thej6fhu(j 3cl/z h;x s0n correct units for the gradient of this line?

  A student is measuring the temperature change of an endi0e4f3rk cr 4oothermic reaction.
Calculate the temperature change and identify the corresponding error.



Temperature decrease:  $^{\circ}C$$\pm$  $^{\circ}C$

  The relationship between pressure and temperature of a known volume and amoueq ee eab3+((wc)3dq qnt of gas caneda3q3+we e b(qe()cq be described using Gay-Lussac’s law which states that pressure is directly proportional to temperature.P∝T
Where P is pressure in Pa, and T is temperature in K.




1.On the axes above, sketch the graph of P∝T.

2.State two features that would need to be added to your sketched graph to turn it into a drawn graph.

3.The proportionality can be shown in an equation by incorporating a constant, k. The equation becomes P=kT, and follows the format of the equation of a straight line.

3.1.State the feature of a straight line that k represents in this context.
The feature is   .
3.2.Deduce the y-intercept of the straight line.
it is   (Pa).

  What is the value for the gradient ofh3gurnndml m5o. er,.(-e n ;e j0t:jx the graph below with the correct units?

  A given mass of magnesium was added to 500cm$^3$ of aqueous hydrochloric acid in a Styrofoam cup to form magnesium chloride. The temperature at the start was 18$^{\circ}C$ and and after the magnesium had dissolved, the temperature rose to 20$^{\circ}C$.
1.State a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
2.Given that the change in enthalpy,ΔH is 0.185kJ and the specific heat capacity of water is 4.18J g$^{-1}$K$^{-1}$,calculate the mass of magnesium added to the hydrochloric acid.
m=  g
3.Determine the systematic errors caused by the use of styrofoam cups.

Solid sodium carbonate reacts with excess nitric acid of 0.1 mol dm$^{-1}$ as shown in the equation below:
$Na_2CO_3$(s)+2$HNO_3$(aq) → $H_2O$(l) +$CO_2$(g)+2$NaNO_3$(aq)
1.State a method to measure the rate of reaction other than measuring the volume of gas collected.
2.1.Sketch a graph to show the volume of gas produced over time.
2.2.Explain the shape of your graph using the collision theory.


3.On the same graph as in part(bi), sketch another line to show the volume of gas collected over time at a concentration of 0.05 molcdm$^{-3}$ of nitric acid and label it as X.


4.Suggest and describe a factor other than the concentration that can affect the rate of the above reaction.

  Which statement best describes the relationship between the rat y ptdjl++f* qoxo0,w;e and H$^+$ oncentration, in a graph with the equation: rate =k[H$^+$]$^2$?

  In a first order reaction, the concentration [A] of a given h7owb/bo9u e+rcbl9s t* w4j/reactant can be determined at time t, according to the equjec7 rwbh+99/wsubol*o /bt4 ation below, where [A]$_o$ is the initial concentration of A and k is the rate constant.
ln[A]=-kt+ln[A]$_o$

  The enthalpy of neutralization for the rd w./;dp-f van,t 0araeaction between sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide can be r dvn-.pfaadt/ ; w0,adetermined experimentally.
$H_2SO_4$(aq)+2KOH(aq)→$K_2SO_4$(aq)+2$H_2O$(l)
A student recorded the temperature of 20.0cm$^3$ of 0.500 mold m$^{-3}$
sulfuric acid every minute. At four minutes,25.0cm$^3$KOH(aq) is added to the solution, stirred immediately, and temperature recorded for another four minutes. The results are represented in the graph below.

1.Calculate the lowest concentration of aqueous KOH that must be used to ensure it is in excess.
C$_{KOH}$=  mold m$^{-3}$
2.Use the graph above to estimate a value for the maximum temperature change,ΔT.
ΔT=  $^{\circ}$
3.State one assumption you made in part (b).
4.Identify the anomalous result and suggest a possible type and source of error.
5.In another experiment with the same reactants, the student measured the initial and final temperatures and presented their results below:
Initial Temperature ($^{\circ}$C $\pm$$^{\circ}$C) 24.8 25.1 24.9
Final Temperature($^{\circ}$C $\pm$$^{\circ}$C) 26.4 26.6 26.4
1.Calculate the average change in temperature (ΔT)giving its percentage uncertainty.
Average=  $^{\circ}$C; Absolute uncertainty=$\pm$  $^{\circ}$C; Percentage uncertainty=  %
2.Use sections 1 and 2 of the data booklet to calculate the energy released and its uncertainty. You may assume that the only source of uncertainty is from the temperature change.
Energy released (q)=  J;Uncertainty=$\pm$  J

  Determine the type of variable and correct axis for ΔH in a graph to show 5zqfl4xfs0n3+ic ( m yhow ΔH is s+lx( zmq 3yf c054nifaffected by the length of the carbon chain.

  The initial mass of a mortar containing a soetl9: wib52lcw* knnf5w/ usgb9 ,y*elid was recorded to be 109.34 g. The mo *l/le5 2w:,ubebwci k5ygnfts9 n9w*rtar was heated, and the final mass was recorded to be 81.92 g. What value should be recorded for the mass lost in grams?

  The half-life of a second bzyv9zlsd*rh7 e f8 fq 3b++n3order reaction can be expressed according to the equation belo r3zfvbs neb+df3hlq 7y+8z*9w.
t$^{$\frac{1}{2}$}$=$\frac{1}{k[A]_0}$
Where t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ =half-life,[$[A]_0$]= initial concentration of reactant A,and k is a constant.
Which two variables plotted against each other would produce a straight line?
I.t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ VS $\frac{1}{k}$
II.t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ VS $[A]_0$
III.t$^{$\frac{1}{2}$}$ VS $\frac{1}{[A]_0}$

  A piece of sodium metal has a mass of 13.02 g and a volume of 13.4 )z xwre2m;glm x,2v0/ : (maqrktn:/zb rqh h/cm$^3$. What is the most precise density that can be reported?

1.State the complete balanced equation for the reaction betqap a e b*rzu*-unb(/0wfyg o*tsm65:ween sulphuric acid and copper (II) oxide* e bm -o*uns:6ybugz /t* faawr(p50q.
2.State the complete balanced equation for the reaction between ethanoic acid and potassium carbonate.
3.Outline two ways to monitor the rate of reaction for reaction (b) above.

  The relationship between energy, E, and wavelength,xh hay4m;;d1 : 04yxzn5suhq o λ, is shown according to the equation belowh4 0 5qdhyo4n ua:mxs1yh ;z;x.
E=$\frac{hc}{λ}$

Which of the below statements are correct for the graph below representing E=$\frac{hc}{λ}$?
I.Energy and wavelength are directly proportional
II.The units for the gradient are J m$^{-1}$
III.The y-intercept has the units J

  The feasibility of a reaction proceeding spontaneously can be gtajxj., pg03,b poeiyn7f 9,predicted using the fjfpp0 ya9t 3j g iboegn,,.x7,ollowing equation:
ΔG=−TΔS+ΔH.
Where ΔG is the change in Gibb’s free energy, ΔS is the change in entropy, and ΔH is the change in enthalpy.




1.When ΔG<0, a reaction can be described as spontaneous. Use the graph above to deduce the lowest temperature at Read graph at which the reaction becomes spontaneous.
Read graph at ΔG=0,  K.
2.Calculate the gradient of the line and state its units.
3.Use your answer to part (b) to deduce the value and correct units for ΔS.
ΔS=  kJ mol$^{-1}$K$^{-1}$
4.Use the graph to determine the value for ΔG when the temperature is raised to 675K.
5.Calculate a value for y-intercept and state the correct units.
Substitution of (x,y) values and slope into equation with correct evaluation=  .(c=)

  The potential of a cell za+ +i31lf;dwhw ;q:khpc9pk8z d0 bj under non-standard conditions can be calculated using the : kzkpphf1d;9wqbl0hj;c3az+ d8 i+w Nernst equation:
E=E$^θ$=$\frac{RT}{nF}$ln$_Q$
For the graph below, which components of the equation represent the gradient and the y-intercept?

  The relationship betwtx6rh( tscxd*pf(9 5neen the concentration of a reactant, A, and the time, for a second-or6*pt5hxf td (s xn(c9rder reaction can be expressed using the equation below:
$\frac{1}{[A]}$=kt+$\frac{1}{[A]_o}$
Where [A] is the concentration of reactant A,$[A]_o$,is the initial concentration of reactant A,t is the time in seconds, and k is a constant.

1.Calculate the gradient of the line and state the correct units.
2.Use the graph to determine $[A]_o$ (also known as the initial concentration of A)
$[A]_o$=  mol dm$^{-3}$
3.Determine the time at which the concentration of A is equal to an eighth of its initial concentration.
(If you were unable to complete parts (a), and (b), you may use k=0.02, and $A_o$=42)
[A]=  mold m$^{-3}$;Substitute and rearrange:  seconds

  Which of the below gives the correct average titre w di+ j.b q9)tszvg vsg bo,o/-/psw//tith its uncertainty?
Initial volume $\pm $0.05 c m$^{3}$ 0.00 23.15 0.00
Final volume $\pm $0.05 c m$^{3}$ 23.15 46.25 23.20

  The length of a thread was being measured using acpe;a xr ..dej qyu9;5p1nt 0n 50 cm wooden ruler with a 1 mm increment. The reading for the beginning of the thread was 12.6 cm while the reading .yqen9n.acpd eprx0;ju ; 51tfor the end of the thread was 45.3 cm. Which of the following is the largest possible length of the thread?

  The ideal gas equation allows pressure to be calculated a1u8,e ddjlk m69wm0-yumgx 6occording to the equationk9m 1,j0wx6e lougm8d-yd6mu,
P=$\frac{nRT}{V}$.
This allows a straight line to be drawn for the effect of $\frac{1}{V}$ on P.

For the sketched graph above, which components of the equation P=$\frac{nRT}{V}$,relate to the gradient and
y-intercept of the straight line?

  A student recorded the mass of solid NaCl as 1200 , 28:ffa3icw2yba zzpg. Which of the following is correct about the number o23 wp:2aza y ,zb8cifff significant figures recorded?

  2.00 ± 0.02 g $NaClO_3$ were dissolved in 2.0 ± 0.5 dm$^3$ distilled water.

Which row gives the correct concentration in gd m$^{-3}$ and relative uncertainty?

  A student is measuring the density of a solution. He recorded th5jdu mz5;* 5 h4v:iyr)up5 dq-idpavhe data in the following ypvhqpi)5z;5 a jdd h55vuimdu*-4r: table.

1.Write the expression of the average density of the solution in a fraction form (make sure to include the absolute uncertainties for each physical quantity).
2.Calculate its corresponding uncertainty. Show your work clearly.
   $\pm$    %