A voltmeter reading is recorded as 100.0 V +/- 2%. Whilxj,c ft4un tkx:v3,4 ch of the following could be the k, j,v:c4tln f4xtux3 actual value?

I.98.0V
II.97.2V
III.101.3V

  A student recorded the d+z;ohcq yf* 1volume of a gas as 0.04056m$^3$. How many significant figures does the recorded value have?

  Which of the below features must be included in a sketcod**zrb 8;jq u3 *ngmahed graph?

I.Labelled axes
II.Scaled axes
III.Plotted points

  For the graph below, state the appropriate b2/ m+p86v npj ;-bkdxn 5uoep8;vere units for the y-intercept.

  Which statement best describes the relationship between x and y orbregs8y 7 doq. 3sb(9n the graph belog8re( obs3b7ry s9.q dw?

For a first order reaction, the relationship between rate andckv1n 6-x7djj the concentration of a reactantkjcv6n-7j1dx , [A], can be shown using the following equation: rate =k[A].
The data below gives the rate information for the first order reaction that proceeds in the thermal decomposition of reactant A.



1.On the axes above, draw a graph based on the provided data.
2.The effect of time on the concentration of reactant B for a zero-order reaction was plotted on the graph below.

(i)Draw a line of best fit on the graph above.
2.Describe the relationship between time and concentration.

  Which of the below gives the correct units for the grj20 ,ne h;nrdc(vhf7wadient of this line?

  A student is measuring t(ea3vyr4o62 wja7d-sltrm5k he temperature change of an endothermic reaction.
Calculate the temperature change and identify the corresponding error.



Temperature decrease:  $^{\circ}C$$\pm$  $^{\circ}C$

  The relationship between pressure and temperature of a known j mz8pog:dv5t98jx3 o4g 79 bs g6xnrb0rqhr8volume and amount of gas can be described using Gay-Lussac’s law whixjv 8 h r58gjsr9 3qo6b 40tr9o78bn :dxgzmgpch states that pressure is directly proportional to temperature.P∝T
Where P is pressure in Pa, and T is temperature in K.




1.On the axes above, sketch the graph of P∝T.

2.State two features that would need to be added to your sketched graph to turn it into a drawn graph.

3.The proportionality can be shown in an equation by incorporating a constant, k. The equation becomes P=kT, and follows the format of the equation of a straight line.

3.1.State the feature of a straight line that k represents in this context.
The feature is   .
3.2.Deduce the y-intercept of the straight line.
it is   (Pa).

  What is the value for the gradient of the graph b,jl- l;9;f w m+azxizaelow with the correct units?

  A given mass of magnesium was added to 500cm$^3$ of aqueous hydrochloric acid in a Styrofoam cup to form magnesium chloride. The temperature at the start was 18$^{\circ}C$ and and after the magnesium had dissolved, the temperature rose to 20$^{\circ}C$.
1.State a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
2.Given that the change in enthalpy,ΔH is 0.185kJ and the specific heat capacity of water is 4.18J g$^{-1}$K$^{-1}$,calculate the mass of magnesium added to the hydrochloric acid.
m=  g
3.Determine the systematic errors caused by the use of styrofoam cups.

Solid sodium carbonate reacts with excess nitric acid of 0.1 mol dm$^{-1}$ as shown in the equation below:
$Na_2CO_3$(s)+2$HNO_3$(aq) → $H_2O$(l) +$CO_2$(g)+2$NaNO_3$(aq)
1.State a method to measure the rate of reaction other than measuring the volume of gas collected.
2.1.Sketch a graph to show the volume of gas produced over time.
2.2.Explain the shape of your graph using the collision theory.


3.On the same graph as in part(bi), sketch another line to show the volume of gas collected over time at a concentration of 0.05 molcdm$^{-3}$ of nitric acid and label it as X.


4.Suggest and describe a factor other than the concentration that can affect the rate of the above reaction.

  Which statement best describes the relatv,+b)iwfypti mwwrx9 6. ias+j1 y1 h4)je h;eionship between the rate and H$^+$ oncentration, in a graph with the equation: rate =k[H$^+$]$^2$?

  In a first order reaction, the concentration [A] of a given reacj +wcsi(jhnqt+ge.*/l p+h l.tant can be determined at time t, according to the equatioh w( g+t. c/ lhlj*+nqjes.ip+n below, where [A]$_o$ is the initial concentration of A and k is the rate constant.
ln[A]=-kt+ln[A]$_o$

  The enthalpy of neutralization for the reaction bet8z;yyl22flp2c n el9jween sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide can be determ 82eypf2llnz;cy l9j2ined experimentally.
$H_2SO_4$(aq)+2KOH(aq)→$K_2SO_4$(aq)+2$H_2O$(l)
A student recorded the temperature of 20.0cm$^3$ of 0.500 mold m$^{-3}$
sulfuric acid every minute. At four minutes,25.0cm$^3$KOH(aq) is added to the solution, stirred immediately, and temperature recorded for another four minutes. The results are represented in the graph below.

1.Calculate the lowest concentration of aqueous KOH that must be used to ensure it is in excess.
C$_{KOH}$=  mold m$^{-3}$
2.Use the graph above to estimate a value for the maximum temperature change,ΔT.
ΔT=  $^{\circ}$
3.State one assumption you made in part (b).
4.Identify the anomalous result and suggest a possible type and source of error.
5.In another experiment with the same reactants, the student measured the initial and final temperatures and presented their results below:
Initial Temperature ($^{\circ}$C $\pm$$^{\circ}$C) 24.8 25.1 24.9
Final Temperature($^{\circ}$C $\pm$$^{\circ}$C) 26.4 26.6 26.4
1.Calculate the average change in temperature (ΔT)giving its percentage uncertainty.
Average=  $^{\circ}$C; Absolute uncertainty=$\pm$  $^{\circ}$C; Percentage uncertainty=  %
2.Use sections 1 and 2 of the data booklet to calculate the energy released and its uncertainty. You may assume that the only source of uncertainty is from the temperature change.
Energy released (q)=  J;Uncertainty=$\pm$  J

  Determine the type of variable and correct axis for ΔH in a graph to sz xsk(e9 i61ou dbjh3g:y* ;cglwu)r7how how ΔH is affected by the lenglyk *w 9:6 ;id gujzoub7csx1e(rh3g )th of the carbon chain.

  The initial mass of a mortar contibq(262 h0lkbfmn9g kaining a solid was recorded to be 109.34 g. The mortar was heated, and the final mass was recorded to be 81.92 g. What value should be recorded for the mass l 9h mfnqig26 2kk(0blbost in grams?

  The half-life of a second order reaction1vf p+pjf-4rl6m 005lhya5iv wca4 ov can be expressed according to the equation vrf 541h vmaclj5 oafl6p0p4 vyw+0i- below.
t$^{$\frac{1}{2}$}$=$\frac{1}{k[A]_0}$
Where t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ =half-life,[$[A]_0$]= initial concentration of reactant A,and k is a constant.
Which two variables plotted against each other would produce a straight line?
I.t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ VS $\frac{1}{k}$
II.t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ VS $[A]_0$
III.t$^{$\frac{1}{2}$}$ VS $\frac{1}{[A]_0}$

  A piece of sodium metal has a xkjnnm2zbhw7l 0ssupl,r3 8u40 9km,mass of 13.02 g and a volume of 13.4 cm$^3$. What is the most precise density that can be reported?

1.State the complete balanced equation for the reaction between sulphuric acip u.yn: pw0, hhmqhp,(d and copper ,hpy,np h:pmw.u hq(0 (II) oxide.
2.State the complete balanced equation for the reaction between ethanoic acid and potassium carbonate.
3.Outline two ways to monitor the rate of reaction for reaction (b) above.

  The relationship between energy, E, and wavelengtiq)nr r4r2 ll/ ticwj 72)qgn7m)b3sj h, λ, is shown according to the equation belm)ctl7 in7w/4 isg l jrrn2r23)q)bqjow.
E=$\frac{hc}{λ}$

Which of the below statements are correct for the graph below representing E=$\frac{hc}{λ}$?
I.Energy and wavelength are directly proportional
II.The units for the gradient are J m$^{-1}$
III.The y-intercept has the units J

  The feasibility of a reaction proceeding spo -o (oi e3jgyaq ck6*.-dr hhm9,*emjdntaneously can be predicted using the follodg (jrm*c6 kh oejma*e9,3 do yihq.--wing equation:
ΔG=−TΔS+ΔH.
Where ΔG is the change in Gibb’s free energy, ΔS is the change in entropy, and ΔH is the change in enthalpy.




1.When ΔG<0, a reaction can be described as spontaneous. Use the graph above to deduce the lowest temperature at Read graph at which the reaction becomes spontaneous.
Read graph at ΔG=0,  K.
2.Calculate the gradient of the line and state its units.
3.Use your answer to part (b) to deduce the value and correct units for ΔS.
ΔS=  kJ mol$^{-1}$K$^{-1}$
4.Use the graph to determine the value for ΔG when the temperature is raised to 675K.
5.Calculate a value for y-intercept and state the correct units.
Substitution of (x,y) values and slope into equation with correct evaluation=  .(c=)

  The potential of a cell und qgm6ojdyqxm : 26-tf)er non-standard conditions can be calculated using the Nertg: xjd-m f6qom 6y2)qnst equation:
E=E$^θ$=$\frac{RT}{nF}$ln$_Q$
For the graph below, which components of the equation represent the gradient and the y-intercept?

  The relationship betwekamu tj:3y87r en the concentration of a reactant, A, and the time, for a second-order reaction can be expressed using the equation below3 :ukya 8trmj7:
$\frac{1}{[A]}$=kt+$\frac{1}{[A]_o}$
Where [A] is the concentration of reactant A,$[A]_o$,is the initial concentration of reactant A,t is the time in seconds, and k is a constant.

1.Calculate the gradient of the line and state the correct units.
2.Use the graph to determine $[A]_o$ (also known as the initial concentration of A)
$[A]_o$=  mol dm$^{-3}$
3.Determine the time at which the concentration of A is equal to an eighth of its initial concentration.
(If you were unable to complete parts (a), and (b), you may use k=0.02, and $A_o$=42)
[A]=  mold m$^{-3}$;Substitute and rearrange:  seconds

  Which of the below gives the correct average titre with its uncerx*:pu+*q qxad tainty?
Initial volume $\pm $0.05 c m$^{3}$ 0.00 23.15 0.00
Final volume $\pm $0.05 c m$^{3}$ 23.15 46.25 23.20

  The length of a thread was being measured)h m6;cpvnup z0o50 bx using a 50 cm wooden ruler with a 1 mm increment. The reading for the beginning of the thread was 12.6 cm while the reading for the end opu6 0v5poxnz h0mc)b; f the thread was 45.3 cm. Which of the following is the largest possible length of the thread?

  The ideal gas equation allows pressure to be calculated ac4 tw7 wa150pw1frky5 m;erjcx cording to the equation,0 aryf 41 kw;te5xw1pwjr 7cm5
P=$\frac{nRT}{V}$.
This allows a straight line to be drawn for the effect of $\frac{1}{V}$ on P.

For the sketched graph above, which components of the equation P=$\frac{nRT}{V}$,relate to the gradient and
y-intercept of the straight line?

  A student recorded the mass of solid NaCl as 1200 g. Which of the follow*qgkud lo9+r, -pua /d-v) bgoing is cor qou9)ralpg-k -g *uodd+ v,/brect about the number of significant figures recorded?

  2.00 ± 0.02 g $NaClO_3$ were dissolved in 2.0 ± 0.5 dm$^3$ distilled water.

Which row gives the correct concentration in gd m$^{-3}$ and relative uncertainty?

  A student is measuring the density of a solution. He recorded the datadh 4uj/ n8l; 9yz1gd znrt5zj( in the followin t gy9n15zhzdr/l4ujnz8jd;( g table.

1.Write the expression of the average density of the solution in a fraction form (make sure to include the absolute uncertainties for each physical quantity).
2.Calculate its corresponding uncertainty. Show your work clearly.
   $\pm$    %