A voltmeter reading i +9i0jcto 6vxts recorded as 100.0 V +/- 2%. Which of the following could be the actvtci9+60 x ojtual value?

I.98.0V
II.97.2V
III.101.3V

  A student recorded the volume of a gas as 0.0yzxxj5c okklr n:7) tt+7ssl . q0jr1(bn: 1ym4056m$^3$. How many significant figures does the recorded value have?

  Which of the below features must be included in a sketvwr+( mvl 4:+sh)r y 3odthiq+ach0(bched graph?

I.Labelled axes
II.Scaled axes
III.Plotted points

  For the graph below, state the appropriate un.fd,;dfo5f e bits for the y-intercept.

  Which statement bestsl9t9vs q3*mb describes the relationship between x and y on the graph belo3sblv99stq *m w?

For a first order reaction, iq2zx1 l.xv :9 s*pygsvm5o3 f8iyfyp96k op,the relationship between rate and the concentration of a reactant, [A], can be shown9l2pk, s:vpqpf6.f8i1 5xo gmsv*yiy y x zo39 using the following equation: rate =k[A].
The data below gives the rate information for the first order reaction that proceeds in the thermal decomposition of reactant A.



1.On the axes above, draw a graph based on the provided data.
2.The effect of time on the concentration of reactant B for a zero-order reaction was plotted on the graph below.

(i)Draw a line of best fit on the graph above.
2.Describe the relationship between time and concentration.

  Which of the below gives tdj1l3 /pyhp0 2s9pq n) p(sjt;erqwe 3he correct units for the gradient of this line?

  A student is measuring the temperatuf udsdia(56.vc tci*:/ fgd s(re change of an endothermic reaction.
Calculate the temperature change and identify the corresponding error.



Temperature decrease:  $^{\circ}C$$\pm$  $^{\circ}C$

  The relationship between pressure and temperature of a known volume asgoktwy k01 dd,:4o9vnd amount of gas can be described using Gay-Lutg1 wksy9 04o,d kodv:ssac’s law which states that pressure is directly proportional to temperature.P∝T
Where P is pressure in Pa, and T is temperature in K.




1.On the axes above, sketch the graph of P∝T.

2.State two features that would need to be added to your sketched graph to turn it into a drawn graph.

3.The proportionality can be shown in an equation by incorporating a constant, k. The equation becomes P=kT, and follows the format of the equation of a straight line.

3.1.State the feature of a straight line that k represents in this context.
The feature is   .
3.2.Deduce the y-intercept of the straight line.
it is   (Pa).

  What is the value for the gradient of the 1s4y; p*gan3es2oalkgraph below with the correct units?

  A given mass of magnesium was added to 500cm$^3$ of aqueous hydrochloric acid in a Styrofoam cup to form magnesium chloride. The temperature at the start was 18$^{\circ}C$ and and after the magnesium had dissolved, the temperature rose to 20$^{\circ}C$.
1.State a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
2.Given that the change in enthalpy,ΔH is 0.185kJ and the specific heat capacity of water is 4.18J g$^{-1}$K$^{-1}$,calculate the mass of magnesium added to the hydrochloric acid.
m=  g
3.Determine the systematic errors caused by the use of styrofoam cups.

Solid sodium carbonate reacts with excess nitric acid of 0.1 mol dm$^{-1}$ as shown in the equation below:
$Na_2CO_3$(s)+2$HNO_3$(aq) → $H_2O$(l) +$CO_2$(g)+2$NaNO_3$(aq)
1.State a method to measure the rate of reaction other than measuring the volume of gas collected.
2.1.Sketch a graph to show the volume of gas produced over time.
2.2.Explain the shape of your graph using the collision theory.


3.On the same graph as in part(bi), sketch another line to show the volume of gas collected over time at a concentration of 0.05 molcdm$^{-3}$ of nitric acid and label it as X.


4.Suggest and describe a factor other than the concentration that can affect the rate of the above reaction.

  Which statement best describ, f.z*rs nliwf 6te5 4bns..hees the relationship between the rate and H$^+$ oncentration, in a graph with the equation: rate =k[H$^+$]$^2$?

  In a first order reaction, the concentration [A] of a given reahi9/(mu +;ookjt yu/b)b 9uyqctant can be determined at time t, according to the equation uq+tu(u;m h)/oy/j i9bk b9 oybelow, where [A]$_o$ is the initial concentration of A and k is the rate constant.
ln[A]=-kt+ln[A]$_o$

  The enthalpy of neutralization for the reaction between sulfur2iil 6( h olk:+zru.tmic acid and potassium hydroxide can beilok( t2. z+mi6url :h determined experimentally.
$H_2SO_4$(aq)+2KOH(aq)→$K_2SO_4$(aq)+2$H_2O$(l)
A student recorded the temperature of 20.0cm$^3$ of 0.500 mold m$^{-3}$
sulfuric acid every minute. At four minutes,25.0cm$^3$KOH(aq) is added to the solution, stirred immediately, and temperature recorded for another four minutes. The results are represented in the graph below.

1.Calculate the lowest concentration of aqueous KOH that must be used to ensure it is in excess.
C$_{KOH}$=  mold m$^{-3}$
2.Use the graph above to estimate a value for the maximum temperature change,ΔT.
ΔT=  $^{\circ}$
3.State one assumption you made in part (b).
4.Identify the anomalous result and suggest a possible type and source of error.
5.In another experiment with the same reactants, the student measured the initial and final temperatures and presented their results below:
Initial Temperature ($^{\circ}$C $\pm$$^{\circ}$C) 24.8 25.1 24.9
Final Temperature($^{\circ}$C $\pm$$^{\circ}$C) 26.4 26.6 26.4
1.Calculate the average change in temperature (ΔT)giving its percentage uncertainty.
Average=  $^{\circ}$C; Absolute uncertainty=$\pm$  $^{\circ}$C; Percentage uncertainty=  %
2.Use sections 1 and 2 of the data booklet to calculate the energy released and its uncertainty. You may assume that the only source of uncertainty is from the temperature change.
Energy released (q)=  J;Uncertainty=$\pm$  J

  Determine the type o9jgw9:n 3w 4ye(gxz kwf variable and correct axis for ΔH in a graph to show how ΔH is affected by the length of the(x 9yenkjw4w 39gzw:g carbon chain.

  The initial mass of a mortar containing a solid was recorded to be 109.34 g. Thnjtwhl3 ofi987 d *d.4xw o*que mortar was heated, and the final mass was record8 u9*n4oljhxww d.i3*ftdo7qed to be 81.92 g. What value should be recorded for the mass lost in grams?

  The half-life of a second order reaction can o3 kge)osd 36qmaxr.8: bk j:jbe expressed according to the equation belowqk:jsde6. k3bom a8orx3: gj ).
t$^{$\frac{1}{2}$}$=$\frac{1}{k[A]_0}$
Where t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ =half-life,[$[A]_0$]= initial concentration of reactant A,and k is a constant.
Which two variables plotted against each other would produce a straight line?
I.t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ VS $\frac{1}{k}$
II.t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ VS $[A]_0$
III.t$^{$\frac{1}{2}$}$ VS $\frac{1}{[A]_0}$

  A piece of sodium metal has a mass of 13.02 g )c qi9 :1ilbepand a volume of 13.4 cm$^3$. What is the most precise density that can be reported?

1.State the complete balanced equation for the reaction between sulphuric ay )zv8 2da 8:x)uf;6k o-rsk6mmmhq bqrsho77cid and copper (II) 6 8mfmvhzq):h 6k)s78ax sr; kr2qu yd ob-mo7oxide.
2.State the complete balanced equation for the reaction between ethanoic acid and potassium carbonate.
3.Outline two ways to monitor the rate of reaction for reaction (b) above.

  The relationship between energy, E, and wavelength, λ, is gz.w +3xf *g/4id eghlk sn 1flic)*a:shown according to the equation d**saglnw:fx 1 kzg+ 4f3g) e/hili.c below.
E=$\frac{hc}{λ}$

Which of the below statements are correct for the graph below representing E=$\frac{hc}{λ}$?
I.Energy and wavelength are directly proportional
II.The units for the gradient are J m$^{-1}$
III.The y-intercept has the units J

  The feasibility of a reaction proceeding spontaneously can be predicted w ja(/jni:u c6mr (z9 fc(0mwhusing the following ewfjrm 6h9cn(:w zj( imua/0(cquation:
ΔG=−TΔS+ΔH.
Where ΔG is the change in Gibb’s free energy, ΔS is the change in entropy, and ΔH is the change in enthalpy.




1.When ΔG<0, a reaction can be described as spontaneous. Use the graph above to deduce the lowest temperature at Read graph at which the reaction becomes spontaneous.
Read graph at ΔG=0,  K.
2.Calculate the gradient of the line and state its units.
3.Use your answer to part (b) to deduce the value and correct units for ΔS.
ΔS=  kJ mol$^{-1}$K$^{-1}$
4.Use the graph to determine the value for ΔG when the temperature is raised to 675K.
5.Calculate a value for y-intercept and state the correct units.
Substitution of (x,y) values and slope into equation with correct evaluation=  .(c=)

  The potential of a cell under non;vkhdpv j zp1i+ naaywrc:26i -7o*8b -standard conditions can be calculated using the Nernst eoph; p2ynbdjkav- +6 v7* 81cw:iiz raquation:
E=E$^θ$=$\frac{RT}{nF}$ln$_Q$
For the graph below, which components of the equation represent the gradient and the y-intercept?

  The relationship between the concentrattz. 18 sry7sex ):jxftion of a reactant, A, and the time, for a second-order re:7s )rzf.ttxex 1sy j8action can be expressed using the equation below:
$\frac{1}{[A]}$=kt+$\frac{1}{[A]_o}$
Where [A] is the concentration of reactant A,$[A]_o$,is the initial concentration of reactant A,t is the time in seconds, and k is a constant.

1.Calculate the gradient of the line and state the correct units.
2.Use the graph to determine $[A]_o$ (also known as the initial concentration of A)
$[A]_o$=  mol dm$^{-3}$
3.Determine the time at which the concentration of A is equal to an eighth of its initial concentration.
(If you were unable to complete parts (a), and (b), you may use k=0.02, and $A_o$=42)
[A]=  mold m$^{-3}$;Substitute and rearrange:  seconds

  Which of the below gives the correct average titre with its *ousz p p.b:b57 bs3qhuncertainty?
Initial volume $\pm $0.05 c m$^{3}$ 0.00 23.15 0.00
Final volume $\pm $0.05 c m$^{3}$ 23.15 46.25 23.20

  The length of a thread was being measured using a 50 cm wooden ruler with a 1 mxx /iq18i h-xzm increment. The reading for the beginning of the thread was 12.6 cm while the reading for the end of the thrh-ixzxiqx/18 ead was 45.3 cm. Which of the following is the largest possible length of the thread?

  The ideal gas equation allows pressure to be calculum)cg78ci k 5kated according to the equation, ucki)58g7 cm k
P=$\frac{nRT}{V}$.
This allows a straight line to be drawn for the effect of $\frac{1}{V}$ on P.

For the sketched graph above, which components of the equation P=$\frac{nRT}{V}$,relate to the gradient and
y-intercept of the straight line?

  A student recorded the mass of solid NaCl as 1200 g. Which of the d0zud qk.mg3:following is corg m3q:0zkd. durect about the number of significant figures recorded?

  2.00 ± 0.02 g $NaClO_3$ were dissolved in 2.0 ± 0.5 dm$^3$ distilled water.

Which row gives the correct concentration in gd m$^{-3}$ and relative uncertainty?

  A student is measuring the density of a solution. Hec.pwo5sb ; wx2;fkmp+ recorded the data in the follow+omspb ;cxkpwf52; .w ing table.

1.Write the expression of the average density of the solution in a fraction form (make sure to include the absolute uncertainties for each physical quantity).
2.Calculate its corresponding uncertainty. Show your work clearly.
   $\pm$    %