A voltmeter reading is recorded as 100.0 V +/- 2%. Which o s: d1fpzw7f,tf the following could be the actual valutsp1f w7 f:d,ze?

I.98.0V
II.97.2V
III.101.3V

  A student recorded the volume of ab/tqg6 7gy;xvqbhmvs d s6gamc.h w9; /2)qx+ gas as 0.04056m$^3$. How many significant figures does the recorded value have?

  Which of the below features must be included in a sketched gr(n90h(b4nqko8bd/r*i 7dft d u ue.d daph?

I.Labelled axes
II.Scaled axes
III.Plotted points

  For the graph below, state the appropriate unit1;,e,uk)al.n;n d xspa;ajkls for the y-intercept.

  Which statement best describes the relationship between x and y on the graph beluodhy9v52 n0.if7y hf ow?.o5nf27f yi9 vu h0dhy

For a first order reaction, the relationss 29-whv5 dfzzhip between rate and the concentration of a reachd5s2z-v 9wfztant, [A], can be shown using the following equation: rate =k[A].
The data below gives the rate information for the first order reaction that proceeds in the thermal decomposition of reactant A.



1.On the axes above, draw a graph based on the provided data.
2.The effect of time on the concentration of reactant B for a zero-order reaction was plotted on the graph below.

(i)Draw a line of best fit on the graph above.
2.Describe the relationship between time and concentration.

  Which of the below gives the coikam6nf,e3(m rrect units for the gradient of this line?

  A student is measuring the tempe*i :p:vbg(9mcmlu m( krature change of an endothermic reaction.
Calculate the temperature change and identify the corresponding error.



Temperature decrease:  $^{\circ}C$$\pm$  $^{\circ}C$

  The relationship bet ,us gh,ljkrtg(;3q:jween pressure and temperature of a known volume and amount of gas can be described using Gay-Lussac’s law which states that pressure is directly proportional :(g t,kh,lj3jugr ; qsto temperature.P∝T
Where P is pressure in Pa, and T is temperature in K.




1.On the axes above, sketch the graph of P∝T.

2.State two features that would need to be added to your sketched graph to turn it into a drawn graph.

3.The proportionality can be shown in an equation by incorporating a constant, k. The equation becomes P=kT, and follows the format of the equation of a straight line.

3.1.State the feature of a straight line that k represents in this context.
The feature is   .
3.2.Deduce the y-intercept of the straight line.
it is   (Pa).

  What is the value for the gradient of the graph below with the co v9dhajm o.vrgj52oo e4u1 b:,rrect units?

  A given mass of magnesium was added to 500cm$^3$ of aqueous hydrochloric acid in a Styrofoam cup to form magnesium chloride. The temperature at the start was 18$^{\circ}C$ and and after the magnesium had dissolved, the temperature rose to 20$^{\circ}C$.
1.State a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
2.Given that the change in enthalpy,ΔH is 0.185kJ and the specific heat capacity of water is 4.18J g$^{-1}$K$^{-1}$,calculate the mass of magnesium added to the hydrochloric acid.
m=  g
3.Determine the systematic errors caused by the use of styrofoam cups.

Solid sodium carbonate reacts with excess nitric acid of 0.1 mol dm$^{-1}$ as shown in the equation below:
$Na_2CO_3$(s)+2$HNO_3$(aq) → $H_2O$(l) +$CO_2$(g)+2$NaNO_3$(aq)
1.State a method to measure the rate of reaction other than measuring the volume of gas collected.
2.1.Sketch a graph to show the volume of gas produced over time.
2.2.Explain the shape of your graph using the collision theory.


3.On the same graph as in part(bi), sketch another line to show the volume of gas collected over time at a concentration of 0.05 molcdm$^{-3}$ of nitric acid and label it as X.


4.Suggest and describe a factor other than the concentration that can affect the rate of the above reaction.

  Which statement best desy:/ztf, kr:ej (z4vkxcribes the relationship between the rate and H$^+$ oncentration, in a graph with the equation: rate =k[H$^+$]$^2$?

  In a first order reactiony/l dp h1 b.wwdj6t;ey ;mu,j,, the concentration [A] of a given reactant can be determined at time t, accordinghdjly b1,m, .6w;yep/; wudjt to the equation below, where [A]$_o$ is the initial concentration of A and k is the rate constant.
ln[A]=-kt+ln[A]$_o$

  The enthalpy of neutralizatiw+hv4xt*rt/ 7b1;yncpw j:m v*)otanon for the reaction between sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide can be determinedtjnv n 1/btwtm p:;x* v )wc4rayo*+h7 experimentally.
$H_2SO_4$(aq)+2KOH(aq)→$K_2SO_4$(aq)+2$H_2O$(l)
A student recorded the temperature of 20.0cm$^3$ of 0.500 mold m$^{-3}$
sulfuric acid every minute. At four minutes,25.0cm$^3$KOH(aq) is added to the solution, stirred immediately, and temperature recorded for another four minutes. The results are represented in the graph below.

1.Calculate the lowest concentration of aqueous KOH that must be used to ensure it is in excess.
C$_{KOH}$=  mold m$^{-3}$
2.Use the graph above to estimate a value for the maximum temperature change,ΔT.
ΔT=  $^{\circ}$
3.State one assumption you made in part (b).
4.Identify the anomalous result and suggest a possible type and source of error.
5.In another experiment with the same reactants, the student measured the initial and final temperatures and presented their results below:
Initial Temperature ($^{\circ}$C $\pm$$^{\circ}$C) 24.8 25.1 24.9
Final Temperature($^{\circ}$C $\pm$$^{\circ}$C) 26.4 26.6 26.4
1.Calculate the average change in temperature (ΔT)giving its percentage uncertainty.
Average=  $^{\circ}$C; Absolute uncertainty=$\pm$  $^{\circ}$C; Percentage uncertainty=  %
2.Use sections 1 and 2 of the data booklet to calculate the energy released and its uncertainty. You may assume that the only source of uncertainty is from the temperature change.
Energy released (q)=  J;Uncertainty=$\pm$  J

  Determine the type of variable and correct axis for ΔH in a grab0 ; yb6baig7.osbgu-ph to show how ΔH is af;yb.b0sa7 gugi -b6obfected by the length of the carbon chain.

  The initial mass of a mortar containing a solid was recorded to be 109.34 g. Ther7ykw,j5)qa 8d1 lw6 pgnd-;qtw may; mortar was heated, and the final mass was recorded to be 81.92 g. What value shoul; a,dg7m6djaw ywk); qn-15 wy ltq8prd be recorded for the mass lost in grams?

  The half-life of a second order reaction can be expressed accordaxg0tm9omn7 0y w 2e;ning to the equation below. 9omtwm2 0e7xa n0;nyg
t$^{$\frac{1}{2}$}$=$\frac{1}{k[A]_0}$
Where t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ =half-life,[$[A]_0$]= initial concentration of reactant A,and k is a constant.
Which two variables plotted against each other would produce a straight line?
I.t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ VS $\frac{1}{k}$
II.t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ VS $[A]_0$
III.t$^{$\frac{1}{2}$}$ VS $\frac{1}{[A]_0}$

  A piece of sodium metal has a mass of 13.02 g and a hppgq ;x91auy2*p) itvolume of 13.4 cm$^3$. What is the most precise density that can be reported?

1.State the complete balanced equation for the reactio d*wt,8b 0q02 y eikcydmapogln.k0 74n between sulphuric acid and co*b4kd07lykq gwadtyom 02 eni80,c. p pper (II) oxide.
2.State the complete balanced equation for the reaction between ethanoic acid and potassium carbonate.
3.Outline two ways to monitor the rate of reaction for reaction (b) above.

  The relationship between energy, E, and wavelength, λ, is shown accordiwjw qye wl-:s)tmu6;9ng to the equatm9):jl w6uq-te sww y;ion below.
E=$\frac{hc}{λ}$

Which of the below statements are correct for the graph below representing E=$\frac{hc}{λ}$?
I.Energy and wavelength are directly proportional
II.The units for the gradient are J m$^{-1}$
III.The y-intercept has the units J

  The feasibility of a reaction proceeding spon4c 7 3ahvkt 1j45rijsltaneously can be predicted using the following equatj7caksjlr i413t 45hvion:
ΔG=−TΔS+ΔH.
Where ΔG is the change in Gibb’s free energy, ΔS is the change in entropy, and ΔH is the change in enthalpy.




1.When ΔG<0, a reaction can be described as spontaneous. Use the graph above to deduce the lowest temperature at Read graph at which the reaction becomes spontaneous.
Read graph at ΔG=0,  K.
2.Calculate the gradient of the line and state its units.
3.Use your answer to part (b) to deduce the value and correct units for ΔS.
ΔS=  kJ mol$^{-1}$K$^{-1}$
4.Use the graph to determine the value for ΔG when the temperature is raised to 675K.
5.Calculate a value for y-intercept and state the correct units.
Substitution of (x,y) values and slope into equation with correct evaluation=  .(c=)

  The potential of a cell under non-standard conditisd4*-ff6(1jygt de xv ons can be calculated using thde4f61*s-tyvx( j fdge Nernst equation:
E=E$^θ$=$\frac{RT}{nF}$ln$_Q$
For the graph below, which components of the equation represent the gradient and the y-intercept?

  The relationship betsvcnfxy iw5:w70.fbj 44)rzl9vx : s*omo; iwween the concentration of a reactant, A, and the time, for a second-order reaction can be expressed using the equation bvxb45msni0:i)4ry9x 7ov wsl;wozfj *cw :.felow:
$\frac{1}{[A]}$=kt+$\frac{1}{[A]_o}$
Where [A] is the concentration of reactant A,$[A]_o$,is the initial concentration of reactant A,t is the time in seconds, and k is a constant.

1.Calculate the gradient of the line and state the correct units.
2.Use the graph to determine $[A]_o$ (also known as the initial concentration of A)
$[A]_o$=  mol dm$^{-3}$
3.Determine the time at which the concentration of A is equal to an eighth of its initial concentration.
(If you were unable to complete parts (a), and (b), you may use k=0.02, and $A_o$=42)
[A]=  mold m$^{-3}$;Substitute and rearrange:  seconds

  Which of the below gives the z/l4cdkm(+mb correct average titre with its uncertainty?
Initial volume $\pm $0.05 c m$^{3}$ 0.00 23.15 0.00
Final volume $\pm $0.05 c m$^{3}$ 23.15 46.25 23.20

  The length of a thread was being measured uvs pie.o op*84sing a 50 cm wooden ruler with a 1 mm increment. Tpo 8*vsep4i. ohe reading for the beginning of the thread was 12.6 cm while the reading for the end of the thread was 45.3 cm. Which of the following is the largest possible length of the thread?

  The ideal gas equation alljnow+*xt9l 6z ows pressure to be calculated according to the equation, x6w*+9t zolj n
P=$\frac{nRT}{V}$.
This allows a straight line to be drawn for the effect of $\frac{1}{V}$ on P.

For the sketched graph above, which components of the equation P=$\frac{nRT}{V}$,relate to the gradient and
y-intercept of the straight line?

  A student recorded the mass of solid NaCl as 1200 g. Whnakopi9m g)d2+j5x)f ich of the following is correct about the number of significant figures reco )9ak )po 2fdign5+mxjrded?

  2.00 ± 0.02 g $NaClO_3$ were dissolved in 2.0 ± 0.5 dm$^3$ distilled water.

Which row gives the correct concentration in gd m$^{-3}$ and relative uncertainty?

  A student is measuring the density of a solution. mv0f bu1p tx5y3g -c6gHe recorded the data in the followigt36mx vfg5c yp1u b-0ng table.

1.Write the expression of the average density of the solution in a fraction form (make sure to include the absolute uncertainties for each physical quantity).
2.Calculate its corresponding uncertainty. Show your work clearly.
   $\pm$    %