A voltmeter reading is recorded x3yt /2cinj j o*9uj8das 100.0 V +/- 2%. Which of the following could be the actual v2tyjn cju * xdoj/8i39alue?

I.98.0V
II.97.2V
III.101.3V

  A student recorded the volume of a gxn8k k 851uh*k:e zgszas as 0.04056m$^3$. How many significant figures does the recorded value have?

  Which of the below features muswu3sr6lo1 p ,ue)a4jv b.mo-7 -rov dot be included in a sketched graph?

I.Labelled axes
II.Scaled axes
III.Plotted points

  For the graph below, state the ktkkqml+9 k92h 1tmym* (t0lrappropriate units for the y-intercept.

  Which statement best describes the rqpnnxu4t(7* n l)hj pi 45x:khelationship between x and y on the graph belo:5ql4tp n74(p*h nxu hkjnxi )w?

For a first order reaction, tgsg/ ,ag8a ;jg, j9pkshe relationship between rate and the concentration of as/j jggs g98ka,a,p; g reactant, [A], can be shown using the following equation: rate =k[A].
The data below gives the rate information for the first order reaction that proceeds in the thermal decomposition of reactant A.



1.On the axes above, draw a graph based on the provided data.
2.The effect of time on the concentration of reactant B for a zero-order reaction was plotted on the graph below.

(i)Draw a line of best fit on the graph above.
2.Describe the relationship between time and concentration.

  Which of the below gives the corre2: r;fjbqf-eo , i)krhct units for the gradient of this line?

  A student is measuring the temperature change of an endothermic reactidew snjk3 rxtkk- 3:-2on.
Calculate the temperature change and identify the corresponding error.



Temperature decrease:  $^{\circ}C$$\pm$  $^{\circ}C$

  The relationship between p+:hmxr ; s*k4,yhjmd dressure and temperature of a known volume and amount of gas can be described using Gay-Lussac’s law which states that pressure is d *4 hmh,k: +smrxy;ddjirectly proportional to temperature.P∝T
Where P is pressure in Pa, and T is temperature in K.




1.On the axes above, sketch the graph of P∝T.

2.State two features that would need to be added to your sketched graph to turn it into a drawn graph.

3.The proportionality can be shown in an equation by incorporating a constant, k. The equation becomes P=kT, and follows the format of the equation of a straight line.

3.1.State the feature of a straight line that k represents in this context.
The feature is   .
3.2.Deduce the y-intercept of the straight line.
it is   (Pa).

  What is the value for the gradient of the graph below with 6c -(1el.d h oux 65o(stirgdj2uy2vqthe correct units?

  A given mass of magnesium was added to 500cm$^3$ of aqueous hydrochloric acid in a Styrofoam cup to form magnesium chloride. The temperature at the start was 18$^{\circ}C$ and and after the magnesium had dissolved, the temperature rose to 20$^{\circ}C$.
1.State a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
2.Given that the change in enthalpy,ΔH is 0.185kJ and the specific heat capacity of water is 4.18J g$^{-1}$K$^{-1}$,calculate the mass of magnesium added to the hydrochloric acid.
m=  g
3.Determine the systematic errors caused by the use of styrofoam cups.

Solid sodium carbonate reacts with excess nitric acid of 0.1 mol dm$^{-1}$ as shown in the equation below:
$Na_2CO_3$(s)+2$HNO_3$(aq) → $H_2O$(l) +$CO_2$(g)+2$NaNO_3$(aq)
1.State a method to measure the rate of reaction other than measuring the volume of gas collected.
2.1.Sketch a graph to show the volume of gas produced over time.
2.2.Explain the shape of your graph using the collision theory.


3.On the same graph as in part(bi), sketch another line to show the volume of gas collected over time at a concentration of 0.05 molcdm$^{-3}$ of nitric acid and label it as X.


4.Suggest and describe a factor other than the concentration that can affect the rate of the above reaction.

  Which statement best describes the relationship between the rayp f.2t nav,4e o rsu.gi) qx,j1yl;6mte and H$^+$ oncentration, in a graph with the equation: rate =k[H$^+$]$^2$?

  In a first order reaction, the concentration [A] of a givenr9btw5vdq m/0 reactant can be determined at time t, accordin9bmv/ q0rd5 twg to the equation below, where [A]$_o$ is the initial concentration of A and k is the rate constant.
ln[A]=-kt+ln[A]$_o$

  The enthalpy of neutralization for the reaction between 3 0c:azd p(jr:zj p/qwsulfuric acid and potassij dzpp:/ (:qz3aj0rwc um hydroxide can be determined experimentally.
$H_2SO_4$(aq)+2KOH(aq)→$K_2SO_4$(aq)+2$H_2O$(l)
A student recorded the temperature of 20.0cm$^3$ of 0.500 mold m$^{-3}$
sulfuric acid every minute. At four minutes,25.0cm$^3$KOH(aq) is added to the solution, stirred immediately, and temperature recorded for another four minutes. The results are represented in the graph below.

1.Calculate the lowest concentration of aqueous KOH that must be used to ensure it is in excess.
C$_{KOH}$=  mold m$^{-3}$
2.Use the graph above to estimate a value for the maximum temperature change,ΔT.
ΔT=  $^{\circ}$
3.State one assumption you made in part (b).
4.Identify the anomalous result and suggest a possible type and source of error.
5.In another experiment with the same reactants, the student measured the initial and final temperatures and presented their results below:
Initial Temperature ($^{\circ}$C $\pm$$^{\circ}$C) 24.8 25.1 24.9
Final Temperature($^{\circ}$C $\pm$$^{\circ}$C) 26.4 26.6 26.4
1.Calculate the average change in temperature (ΔT)giving its percentage uncertainty.
Average=  $^{\circ}$C; Absolute uncertainty=$\pm$  $^{\circ}$C; Percentage uncertainty=  %
2.Use sections 1 and 2 of the data booklet to calculate the energy released and its uncertainty. You may assume that the only source of uncertainty is from the temperature change.
Energy released (q)=  J;Uncertainty=$\pm$  J

  Determine the type of variable and correct axis for ΔH in a graph tod w/u7zq;dd 3o show how ΔH is affected by the length of the carbon chau dz/ qow;73ddin.

  The initial mass of a morshxyqy92x t31 v, yco3tar containing a solid was recorded to be 109.34 g. The mortar was 9yc1,3syx3oh v2tyxq heated, and the final mass was recorded to be 81.92 g. What value should be recorded for the mass lost in grams?

  The half-life of a second order reaco7wt b.f*lo 3vtion can be expressed according to the equation below*. wf7l boov3t.
t$^{$\frac{1}{2}$}$=$\frac{1}{k[A]_0}$
Where t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ =half-life,[$[A]_0$]= initial concentration of reactant A,and k is a constant.
Which two variables plotted against each other would produce a straight line?
I.t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ VS $\frac{1}{k}$
II.t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ VS $[A]_0$
III.t$^{$\frac{1}{2}$}$ VS $\frac{1}{[A]_0}$

  A piece of sodium metal has a mass of 13.02 g and a volume of 13.4 e f5w7h9x/s u0wagej-x8 qr/zrcpf8,cm$^3$. What is the most precise density that can be reported?

1.State the complete balanced eqund4t:sz:gqm .e r x*-mation for the reaction between sulphuric acid and cops.qxm:-4tnmr d*:gz e per (II) oxide.
2.State the complete balanced equation for the reaction between ethanoic acid and potassium carbonate.
3.Outline two ways to monitor the rate of reaction for reaction (b) above.

  The relationship between energy, E, and wag-8xu 8(tz3e6kgw nkkg3( batvelength, λ, is shown according to the equation belo6kna8xge t8tg(ug3w 3b( kz- kw.
E=$\frac{hc}{λ}$

Which of the below statements are correct for the graph below representing E=$\frac{hc}{λ}$?
I.Energy and wavelength are directly proportional
II.The units for the gradient are J m$^{-1}$
III.The y-intercept has the units J

  The feasibility of a reaction proceeding spontaneously can be predict31icxipn-0-d3qosr r:z: oiaed using the follodps iq 3o0: a1ozrix-n-irc3: wing equation:
ΔG=−TΔS+ΔH.
Where ΔG is the change in Gibb’s free energy, ΔS is the change in entropy, and ΔH is the change in enthalpy.




1.When ΔG<0, a reaction can be described as spontaneous. Use the graph above to deduce the lowest temperature at Read graph at which the reaction becomes spontaneous.
Read graph at ΔG=0,  K.
2.Calculate the gradient of the line and state its units.
3.Use your answer to part (b) to deduce the value and correct units for ΔS.
ΔS=  kJ mol$^{-1}$K$^{-1}$
4.Use the graph to determine the value for ΔG when the temperature is raised to 675K.
5.Calculate a value for y-intercept and state the correct units.
Substitution of (x,y) values and slope into equation with correct evaluation=  .(c=)

  The potential of a cell under no nvr3vl4- cla:ky4q2 on-standard conditions can be calculated using thear vq-nv24llc k o4:3y Nernst equation:
E=E$^θ$=$\frac{RT}{nF}$ln$_Q$
For the graph below, which components of the equation represent the gradient and the y-intercept?

  The relationship bet78odw:4y:ptqx8 ,w tqa fx.opween the concentration of a reactant, A, and the time, for a second-order reaction can be expressed using the equaq,w8odq oyx47 w:f8t.t p ap:xtion below:
$\frac{1}{[A]}$=kt+$\frac{1}{[A]_o}$
Where [A] is the concentration of reactant A,$[A]_o$,is the initial concentration of reactant A,t is the time in seconds, and k is a constant.

1.Calculate the gradient of the line and state the correct units.
2.Use the graph to determine $[A]_o$ (also known as the initial concentration of A)
$[A]_o$=  mol dm$^{-3}$
3.Determine the time at which the concentration of A is equal to an eighth of its initial concentration.
(If you were unable to complete parts (a), and (b), you may use k=0.02, and $A_o$=42)
[A]=  mold m$^{-3}$;Substitute and rearrange:  seconds

  Which of the below gives the correct average titre with its vre(lvp/64qk ekf0t6 8su gy+uncertainty?
Initial volume $\pm $0.05 c m$^{3}$ 0.00 23.15 0.00
Final volume $\pm $0.05 c m$^{3}$ 23.15 46.25 23.20

  The length of a thread was being measured using a 50 cm wooden ruler n,a ngtzu;e4+ with a 1 mm increment. The reading for the beginning of the thread was 12.6 cm while the reading for the end of the thread was 45.3 cm. Which of the following is the latue,nng4za; + rgest possible length of the thread?

  The ideal gas equation allows pressure to be calculated acchjr 0vy,c.. dyording to the equationcdh r,y..0 yvj,
P=$\frac{nRT}{V}$.
This allows a straight line to be drawn for the effect of $\frac{1}{V}$ on P.

For the sketched graph above, which components of the equation P=$\frac{nRT}{V}$,relate to the gradient and
y-intercept of the straight line?

  A student recorded the mass of solid NaCl as 1200 g. 1t c.fv4ylkj 6ctb 5t/ow:pq.1 ask gcw,/j1qWhich of the following is correct aw1qcoyt kv1./g tp6wftskjb.c/ cqa4:,j 1l5bout the number of significant figures recorded?

  2.00 ± 0.02 g $NaClO_3$ were dissolved in 2.0 ± 0.5 dm$^3$ distilled water.

Which row gives the correct concentration in gd m$^{-3}$ and relative uncertainty?

  A student is measuring the density of a solution. He re b 8j5;mdhb9vicorded the data in the fo 5v9 8mbhibj;dllowing table.

1.Write the expression of the average density of the solution in a fraction form (make sure to include the absolute uncertainties for each physical quantity).
2.Calculate its corresponding uncertainty. Show your work clearly.
   $\pm$    %