A voltmeter reading ivtot- )t (eyzc pg4839 cgvql0s recorded as 100.0 V +/- 2%. Which of the following could be the actual vac3)tcvpvzqg l t4 (y-ge ot980lue?

I.98.0V
II.97.2V
III.101.3V

  A student recorded the volume of a gas as 0.04056eqt* / 05p/stn bg5;cwo7i6 o l2qrgrhm$^3$. How many significant figures does the recorded value have?

  Which of the below features musrcz97 pr*9r klt be included in a sketched graph?

I.Labelled axes
II.Scaled axes
III.Plotted points

  For the graph below, state the appropriate units for k+ yz, )jpix(e;fke5t y :j4vbthe y-intercept.

  Which statement best describes the relationship between x and y onnikvck)8.)2 x;un r-ta tm w/i the graph belor)mk8w ;n/-c ituv)in.takx 2w?

For a first order reaction, thgybh;qtf: 2 9ye relationship between rate and the concentration of a reactfhb2:t;y y9 qgant, [A], can be shown using the following equation: rate =k[A].
The data below gives the rate information for the first order reaction that proceeds in the thermal decomposition of reactant A.



1.On the axes above, draw a graph based on the provided data.
2.The effect of time on the concentration of reactant B for a zero-order reaction was plotted on the graph below.

(i)Draw a line of best fit on the graph above.
2.Describe the relationship between time and concentration.

  Which of the below gives the correct units for the gradient of thilyc)) v:j ls(504-y*ac jkdlgl3zla y s line?

  A student is measuring the temperature change of an endothermic r0ug 4ff1ddx. gif fuer1v:o 79eaction.
Calculate the temperature change and identify the corresponding error.



Temperature decrease:  $^{\circ}C$$\pm$  $^{\circ}C$

  The relationship between pressure a8:n,cw v7e+) ur. nrzbe b)hugnd temperature of a known volume and amount of gas can be described u vw,u)u:cbe)n7n.b rh8eg+rzsing Gay-Lussac’s law which states that pressure is directly proportional to temperature.P∝T
Where P is pressure in Pa, and T is temperature in K.




1.On the axes above, sketch the graph of P∝T.

2.State two features that would need to be added to your sketched graph to turn it into a drawn graph.

3.The proportionality can be shown in an equation by incorporating a constant, k. The equation becomes P=kT, and follows the format of the equation of a straight line.

3.1.State the feature of a straight line that k represents in this context.
The feature is   .
3.2.Deduce the y-intercept of the straight line.
it is   (Pa).

  What is the value for tv mj1w(7drpf7 he gradient of the graph below with the correct units?

  A given mass of magnesium was added to 500cm$^3$ of aqueous hydrochloric acid in a Styrofoam cup to form magnesium chloride. The temperature at the start was 18$^{\circ}C$ and and after the magnesium had dissolved, the temperature rose to 20$^{\circ}C$.
1.State a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
2.Given that the change in enthalpy,ΔH is 0.185kJ and the specific heat capacity of water is 4.18J g$^{-1}$K$^{-1}$,calculate the mass of magnesium added to the hydrochloric acid.
m=  g
3.Determine the systematic errors caused by the use of styrofoam cups.

Solid sodium carbonate reacts with excess nitric acid of 0.1 mol dm$^{-1}$ as shown in the equation below:
$Na_2CO_3$(s)+2$HNO_3$(aq) → $H_2O$(l) +$CO_2$(g)+2$NaNO_3$(aq)
1.State a method to measure the rate of reaction other than measuring the volume of gas collected.
2.1.Sketch a graph to show the volume of gas produced over time.
2.2.Explain the shape of your graph using the collision theory.


3.On the same graph as in part(bi), sketch another line to show the volume of gas collected over time at a concentration of 0.05 molcdm$^{-3}$ of nitric acid and label it as X.


4.Suggest and describe a factor other than the concentration that can affect the rate of the above reaction.

  Which statement best descgqp37 kig , h+35h uwwpi0ik6kribes the relationship between the rate and H$^+$ oncentration, in a graph with the equation: rate =k[H$^+$]$^2$?

  In a first order reaction, the concentration [A] of a given reac;d w n(gnyddjn5h2, 4ptant can be determined at time t, according to thejnddp2( n,d5ywh ;4gn equation below, where [A]$_o$ is the initial concentration of A and k is the rate constant.
ln[A]=-kt+ln[A]$_o$

  The enthalpy of neutralization for the rquc8nbu ygn35;5a0ileaction between sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide can be determinedn0n q5;3 c 8iuuly5abg experimentally.
$H_2SO_4$(aq)+2KOH(aq)→$K_2SO_4$(aq)+2$H_2O$(l)
A student recorded the temperature of 20.0cm$^3$ of 0.500 mold m$^{-3}$
sulfuric acid every minute. At four minutes,25.0cm$^3$KOH(aq) is added to the solution, stirred immediately, and temperature recorded for another four minutes. The results are represented in the graph below.

1.Calculate the lowest concentration of aqueous KOH that must be used to ensure it is in excess.
C$_{KOH}$=  mold m$^{-3}$
2.Use the graph above to estimate a value for the maximum temperature change,ΔT.
ΔT=  $^{\circ}$
3.State one assumption you made in part (b).
4.Identify the anomalous result and suggest a possible type and source of error.
5.In another experiment with the same reactants, the student measured the initial and final temperatures and presented their results below:
Initial Temperature ($^{\circ}$C $\pm$$^{\circ}$C) 24.8 25.1 24.9
Final Temperature($^{\circ}$C $\pm$$^{\circ}$C) 26.4 26.6 26.4
1.Calculate the average change in temperature (ΔT)giving its percentage uncertainty.
Average=  $^{\circ}$C; Absolute uncertainty=$\pm$  $^{\circ}$C; Percentage uncertainty=  %
2.Use sections 1 and 2 of the data booklet to calculate the energy released and its uncertainty. You may assume that the only source of uncertainty is from the temperature change.
Energy released (q)=  J;Uncertainty=$\pm$  J

  Determine the type of variable and cor/yfl / camm+6krect axis for ΔH in a graph to show how ΔH is affecyf+l6/m mck/a ted by the length of the carbon chain.

  The initial mass of a mortar contaw;dzq e.wyj3 6ining a solid was recorded to be 109.34 g. The mortar was heated, and the final mass was recorded to be 81.92eww6 ;d. q3zyj g. What value should be recorded for the mass lost in grams?

  The half-life of a second order reaction can be expressed according to thewq 3w yr*3xg3j equation below3g3 *wxjry3wq .
t$^{$\frac{1}{2}$}$=$\frac{1}{k[A]_0}$
Where t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ =half-life,[$[A]_0$]= initial concentration of reactant A,and k is a constant.
Which two variables plotted against each other would produce a straight line?
I.t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ VS $\frac{1}{k}$
II.t$^{\frac{1}{2}}$ VS $[A]_0$
III.t$^{$\frac{1}{2}$}$ VS $\frac{1}{[A]_0}$

  A piece of sodium metal hasto()2r w +h( 4qdgktkc a mass of 13.02 g and a volume of 13.4 cm$^3$. What is the most precise density that can be reported?

1.State the complete balanced equation for the reaction +j, (tge-;mqmeuu ;dxbetween sulphuric acid and copper (II) ox+, xuge;mumj;eqd -t(ide.
2.State the complete balanced equation for the reaction between ethanoic acid and potassium carbonate.
3.Outline two ways to monitor the rate of reaction for reaction (b) above.

  The relationship between q0t8fs qu s :see9f8yg71jsc2energy, E, and wavelength, λ, is shown according to the equat082tjqssc:uy7f8 esq sg f1e9ion below.
E=$\frac{hc}{λ}$

Which of the below statements are correct for the graph below representing E=$\frac{hc}{λ}$?
I.Energy and wavelength are directly proportional
II.The units for the gradient are J m$^{-1}$
III.The y-intercept has the units J

  The feasibility of a reac1lhb ch2to:.qtion proceeding spontaneously can be predicted using the following eqho2 cht 1l:.qbuation:
ΔG=−TΔS+ΔH.
Where ΔG is the change in Gibb’s free energy, ΔS is the change in entropy, and ΔH is the change in enthalpy.




1.When ΔG<0, a reaction can be described as spontaneous. Use the graph above to deduce the lowest temperature at Read graph at which the reaction becomes spontaneous.
Read graph at ΔG=0,  K.
2.Calculate the gradient of the line and state its units.
3.Use your answer to part (b) to deduce the value and correct units for ΔS.
ΔS=  kJ mol$^{-1}$K$^{-1}$
4.Use the graph to determine the value for ΔG when the temperature is raised to 675K.
5.Calculate a value for y-intercept and state the correct units.
Substitution of (x,y) values and slope into equation with correct evaluation=  .(c=)

  The potential of a cell under non-standard conditions can be calculatm9s+fe iqaw, 80;:pwl*wp mzeed using the Ne09fw wa + zwsq pmliem*8e:;,prnst equation:
E=E$^θ$=$\frac{RT}{nF}$ln$_Q$
For the graph below, which components of the equation represent the gradient and the y-intercept?

  The relationship between theps/cdu+f hfmgi6x p58g66mp ) concentration of a reactant, A, and the time, for a second-order reaction 6x8+m m/p6d6ushp5 fc)gfgipcan be expressed using the equation below:
$\frac{1}{[A]}$=kt+$\frac{1}{[A]_o}$
Where [A] is the concentration of reactant A,$[A]_o$,is the initial concentration of reactant A,t is the time in seconds, and k is a constant.

1.Calculate the gradient of the line and state the correct units.
2.Use the graph to determine $[A]_o$ (also known as the initial concentration of A)
$[A]_o$=  mol dm$^{-3}$
3.Determine the time at which the concentration of A is equal to an eighth of its initial concentration.
(If you were unable to complete parts (a), and (b), you may use k=0.02, and $A_o$=42)
[A]=  mold m$^{-3}$;Substitute and rearrange:  seconds

  Which of the below gives thevigcn ,fm*.db+y(4*n td ;;yyl vz( my correct average titre with its uncertainty?
Initial volume $\pm $0.05 c m$^{3}$ 0.00 23.15 0.00
Final volume $\pm $0.05 c m$^{3}$ 23.15 46.25 23.20

  The length of a thread was being meaz kr(qkb2ci2. g )kbjb 5rtx53sured using a 50 cm wooden ruler with a 1 mm increment. The reading for the beginning of the t) kibc 3j5.q2 (rbz2rx5t kkgbhread was 12.6 cm while the reading for the end of the thread was 45.3 cm. Which of the following is the largest possible length of the thread?

  The ideal gas equation allows pressure to be calculated according to jm+wmbp()s)c6tef x2c a.2x 0r a0gbq the equation, 0c b6a(rmmqsx )0 )bg.jx w2+c2pae tf
P=$\frac{nRT}{V}$.
This allows a straight line to be drawn for the effect of $\frac{1}{V}$ on P.

For the sketched graph above, which components of the equation P=$\frac{nRT}{V}$,relate to the gradient and
y-intercept of the straight line?

  A student recorded the mass of solid NaCl as -9cwl h;jrw df hc4l311200 g. Which of the following is correct about the number of significant figures w4w rc;l9- 3ld1 hfhcjrecorded?

  2.00 ± 0.02 g $NaClO_3$ were dissolved in 2.0 ± 0.5 dm$^3$ distilled water.

Which row gives the correct concentration in gd m$^{-3}$ and relative uncertainty?

  A student is measuring thezv5ly,qgw9 0ce rq;fh63y*et density of a solution. He recorded the data in the following tq 53cw6 y9y hq*;t,zefgel0 rvable.

1.Write the expression of the average density of the solution in a fraction form (make sure to include the absolute uncertainties for each physical quantity).
2.Calculate its corresponding uncertainty. Show your work clearly.
   $\pm$    %