What property of water helps living organisms maintain their7t-kb838q 44c1q7hw: rnu qchb oj zgp internal body temperaturj 1b u4:bqq7-cqcp7r8z 3 nh4wh8ktgoe?

  Which of the following is nihhq ,d+o,b9 ocix kr582klm0 ot soluble in water?

  What substances are attracted to water and form intermolecular bonds with;utergh,y+1at) m 9 1llos 9wh water moleculethgasehmot 9 ;1uw 9)l+,yrl 1s?

  Which of the following is a reasono+k: +qn0bmdy ft79ak for the retention of water on Earth?

  What is the most accepted theory for the origini:41tuz qvgwhp9+r, /p u/d he of water on Earth?

  What intermolecular bond is responsible for water's cohesive, adv k8)-urjywkvl n0(2 5c gac5dhesive and thermal prop 2 n)5cvwjy0 kudlar5kvg( 8-certies?

1.Outline how hydrogen bonds form bkk9cmx ;x 2qn ia)rg14etween water molecules.

2.State one of the ways how hydrophilic substances interact with water.

3.State one of the ways how non-polar molecules interact with water.

4.Distinguish cohesion and adhesion.

  Which property of wateg0th/zw b(;epr enables marine animals such as the ringed seal (Pusa hispida) to stay afloat in water withoutphbze /;0tw g( expending large amounts of energy?

  The cohesive and adhesive properties of water allow xylem veszjghv /3gql.+jlvu4w7f e6x9sels to transport water iwuh7jgl4 /f9l 3zje x6v+qg v.nside plants.

Which of the following are correct descriptions of how these properties are related to water transport in plants?

  Which of the followin q 6nlgl4c9qj;y3w,2hg +uozdg is a reason that the Earth is considered to be in ‘The Goldilocks z4l gguq3wy9cz;,h doq 2lj 6+none’, but Saturn is not?

  Which of the following statements about t38 zos5izmz5q he dipolarity of the water molecule are tzizsz3 55 qm8orue?
I. Oxygen attracts the shared electrons stronger than hydrogen.
II.Hydrogen atoms are partially negative.
III.The shared electrons spend more time closer to oxygen.

  Which of the following is not a reason that scientists look for the presence of td 2)w,xu:pwswater on planets as a sign of extra w,2udxs)t: pwterrestrial life?

  Which term to describe a prmlc mx(0/) toqoperty of water is matched to its correct definition? qmml/(o0 x)ct

  The image shows a water strider (G. lacustris) on t4my8 o kzy6 fnh:pbi7 +/ suiweob9(omak 7f9-he surface of a pond. What property of water is not depicted in the khbmfk ym +u9ye 7s4bw zoip9/ano: -i8of (67image?

Below is a picture of a water strider (Gerr/c x pbaj5-5wxquvc ;)is sp.).


1.Explain why the water strider (Gerris sp.) does not sink.
2.Describe, using an example, the importance of water as a solvent in living organisms.

The image shows a ringed seal (Pusa hispida) that live;8k vf md+cmd-cb2 vz.z+gtj-s in the Arctic Sea.


1.Distinguish between the physical properties of air and water that allow the seal to mostly live in the sea.
2.Ringed seals glide into the water head first from ice shelves, rather like humans diving into a pool head first. Explain the advantage of entering the water in this way rather than ‘belly-flopping’ into the water.

  An investigation was carriedalq(/o- 59m1 b8syz4j cafj uz out into the effects of household detergents on aquatic habitats. Scientists tested the effect of different household detergents on thejq(s/ 9 8uayjom1l45fza-cbz surface tension of water in order to better understand the impact they may have on organisms living on the surface.

A paper clip was folded slightly on one side and rested on the surface of the water, maintained at a constant temperature and contained within a water tank. Drops of detergent solution were slowly added to the water tank until the paperclip sank to the bottom. The volume of detergent solution taken to sink the paperclip was recorded.

Detergent solutions were made by adding 5 ml of detergent to 15 ml of water.


1.Describe the relationship between the volume of detergent solution added and the surface tension of water.

2.1.For the Easy Clean detergent, calculate the mean number of drops of detergent needed to sink the paper clip.
Mean =  ml
2.2.Estimate how many drops of Easy Clean detergent solution it would take to sink 5 paper clips.

3.1.State one variable, other than those given, which would need to be controlled in this experiment in order to achieve a valid result.
3.2.Suggest one method that could be used to keep the water at a constant temperature.
3.3.Explain the importance of maintaining water at a constant temperature.
3.4.Identify one potential source of error in the methodology.
4.Suggest why different numbers of drops of detergent solution were needed to sink the paperclip between each type of detergent.

  Which of the following ixa 6o2+y*xb8czl. ngg s not a real-life example of adhesion?

The image shows a cross-section of the vascular g6nxek4r6 kfa4pxv0 b;x9j n.h.qs :ztissue of a woody dicot stem, showing the annual rings of phloem a6 hk.x9404q. ksgbnan6pefr :jvz ;xxnd xylem.


Explain how the properties of water allow it to be transported in the xylem.
Describe a physical property of water, other than those that are important for the movement of water through the plant, that makes water essential for the survival of plants.
Outline why plants cannot use water to transport lipids.
If the temperature drops to -1$^{\circ}$ for a few hours suggest a reason why the water in xylem may not freeze.

  The black-throated loon (Gavia arc4.2 ayn0fqandj 8mzwl8q3 wn 0tica) is a bird that lives near large bodies of water in cold climates. Which of the following is a correct description of how the maqw4 n38nl8z.jwn2yq0 d 0faproperties of water may make winter temperatures more moderate for the black-throated loon?

  Which of the following statement(s) about the role of4gyu4a ojwwo; t09, za water as a solvent is correct44u0o,wt9ajy zgoaw ; ?

I. Salt can dissolve in water because it is hydrophilic
II. Lipids cannot dissolve in water because they are non-polar
III. Cellulose can dissolve in water, as it is able to form hydrogen bonds

  The micrograph below shows p -r)cws6obj:the longitudinal cross-section of a stem from a plant in the Pi6)ws:r c-jbopnus genus. Xylem vessels are clearly visible.


The xylem is composed of hollow, tube-like tissues that transport water through capillary action. What property of water explains capillary action?

The diagram shows a solar system very similar to ours, where five planets orgazwe5q,w h7,rdgk* 8bit a,kwgdh 8z7r5*eq wg, a central star.


1.Define the term “Goldilocks zone”.

2.1.Label with the letter R the planet that is least likely to have extraterrestrial life present.

2.2Explain reasons for your answer to part (i).

3.1.Some of the planets in this solar system have water present on them. Suggest where this water might have come from.

3.2.Explain why the planets referred to in part (i) have retained water, whereas others in this solar system have not.

4.Suggest one other biological molecule, other than water, that may be a sign of life on a planet.

  Which of the following statements explains how water has facilitated thmd;3qq6jfk 5r e evolution of life on3f 6dq;rqkjm5 Earth?