What property of water helps living organismoveiop vk (1-am83/ens maintain their internal body temperature?-pv18/eo(iv na em3k o

  Which of the following is nob fwlad bl. iem5i/mi+97uuj yi)75 ;jt soluble in water?

  What substances are attr,fumj 4;ftw xyyfv93:acted to water and form intermolecular bonds with water molec 3:vmfw9yf;4 u jxtf,yules?

  Which of the following is a reason for the retention of wa kem.bw q(;4sv msum77*ofyz/ter on Earth?

  What is the most accepted theory for the orix 3 0yom 06r-yp*jgoop 2hs1jhgin of water on Earth?

  What intermolecular bond is responsible for water's cohesive,)p; jcvc2gb*k adhesive and thermal prop)c;pbgjk2c * verties?

1.Outline how hydrogen bonds form between water myhe4 mzd f sz/r05.2dh9rea9 folecules.

2.State one of the ways how hydrophilic substances interact with water.

3.State one of the ways how non-polar molecules interact with water.

4.Distinguish cohesion and adhesion.

  Which property of water enaapz1iy:ll0 f:5zr0 cwbles marine animals such as the ringed seal (Pusa hispida) to stay afloat in watercz:yz f 0pwl0:li15 ar without expending large amounts of energy?

  The cohesive and adhesive properties of water allow xylett : vrc 55oj-lq-r:qem vessels to transport water 5lct tr:q5rq:jv-oe- inside plants.

Which of the following are correct descriptions of how these properties are related to water transport in plants?

  Which of the following is a reason that thes,m qna ewj:3g5c7 gy1 Earth is considered to be in ‘The Goldilock:sg7q 3a1m g,ne5ywcjs zone’, but Saturn is not?

  Which of the following statementt1.pdj /5;fewcj ,rit3w( :)r osdpdja)3f h us about the dipolarity of the water molecule are tru1 ou;pfwt e/p jjjtw)3),5sc (drri3a.: f ddhe?
I. Oxygen attracts the shared electrons stronger than hydrogen.
II.Hydrogen atoms are partially negative.
III.The shared electrons spend more time closer to oxygen.

  Which of the following iu ;7v/3scolwrs not a reason that scientists look for the presence of water on planets as a sign oo/cvsuw3 7l ;rf extraterrestrial life?

  Which term to describe a property of foze ej5cx.0/4u d6hs water is matched to its correct definition?5 jeh6foz4du se/ 0cx.

  The image shows a water strider (G. lacustris) on the surface of a podfmz 0qd 5e-wp6 1/ypznd. What property of wpyfw m1d/-ezpz056 qdater is not depicted in the image?

Below is a picture of a water strider (Gjraw9my:+ 97 wr()lby(vlud berris sp.).


1.Explain why the water strider (Gerris sp.) does not sink.
2.Describe, using an example, the importance of water as a solvent in living organisms.

The image shows a ringed seal (Pusa hispida) tha. .pxwk7ips 7p*ticas.x1vlg j* u1g/t lives in the Arctic Sea.


1.Distinguish between the physical properties of air and water that allow the seal to mostly live in the sea.
2.Ringed seals glide into the water head first from ice shelves, rather like humans diving into a pool head first. Explain the advantage of entering the water in this way rather than ‘belly-flopping’ into the water.

  An investigation was carried out into the effects of household detergene(nc-n k)sl*9 x d08sttvjy*dts on aquatic habitats. Scientists tested the effect ot e) vl9j c-xn0kd* syns(*d8tf different household detergents on the surface tension of water in order to better understand the impact they may have on organisms living on the surface.

A paper clip was folded slightly on one side and rested on the surface of the water, maintained at a constant temperature and contained within a water tank. Drops of detergent solution were slowly added to the water tank until the paperclip sank to the bottom. The volume of detergent solution taken to sink the paperclip was recorded.

Detergent solutions were made by adding 5 ml of detergent to 15 ml of water.


1.Describe the relationship between the volume of detergent solution added and the surface tension of water.

2.1.For the Easy Clean detergent, calculate the mean number of drops of detergent needed to sink the paper clip.
Mean =  ml
2.2.Estimate how many drops of Easy Clean detergent solution it would take to sink 5 paper clips.

3.1.State one variable, other than those given, which would need to be controlled in this experiment in order to achieve a valid result.
3.2.Suggest one method that could be used to keep the water at a constant temperature.
3.3.Explain the importance of maintaining water at a constant temperature.
3.4.Identify one potential source of error in the methodology.
4.Suggest why different numbers of drops of detergent solution were needed to sink the paperclip between each type of detergent.

  Which of the following is not a real-liu y8)vogeh,gy) zg2 k1k/xc0efe example of adhesion?

The image shows a cross-section of the vascular sw l)*t5 arnq0tissue of a woody dicot stem, showing the annual rings of phloem a0)qat5 *snrwlnd xylem.


Explain how the properties of water allow it to be transported in the xylem.
Describe a physical property of water, other than those that are important for the movement of water through the plant, that makes water essential for the survival of plants.
Outline why plants cannot use water to transport lipids.
If the temperature drops to -1$^{\circ}$ for a few hours suggest a reason why the water in xylem may not freeze.

  The black-throated loon (Gavia arctica) is a bird thafh vr )p:x3jmh6a;ak av/ ,.rro9*i rit lives near large bodies of water in cold climates. Which of the following is a correct description of how the properties of water may make winter temperatures more moderate mr. r ijox;hk 9 v3: i,avphf*)6rraa/for the black-throated loon?

  Which of the following statement(s) abpeq 9roowa8 (;8au( ugzdsvr;xnv+0, out the role of water as a solvent is correc,vq ; (arud8enzpoxuo 89avs 0rw(+g;t?

I. Salt can dissolve in water because it is hydrophilic
II. Lipids cannot dissolve in water because they are non-polar
III. Cellulose can dissolve in water, as it is able to form hydrogen bonds

  The micrograph below shows the longitudinal cr:;hf1jx ww 7xok-yuc;oa6r u2oss-section of a stem from a plant in the Pinus genus ow; wy ja27f1u;ux6 c:ro-xkh. Xylem vessels are clearly visible.


The xylem is composed of hollow, tube-like tissues that transport water through capillary action. What property of water explains capillary action?

The diagram shows a m8c3p,;6lvve9zwp l zsolar system very similar to ours, where five planets orbit a central s6vl ;p9zzem3w8c p,vltar.


1.Define the term “Goldilocks zone”.

2.1.Label with the letter R the planet that is least likely to have extraterrestrial life present.

2.2Explain reasons for your answer to part (i).

3.1.Some of the planets in this solar system have water present on them. Suggest where this water might have come from.

3.2.Explain why the planets referred to in part (i) have retained water, whereas others in this solar system have not.

4.Suggest one other biological molecule, other than water, that may be a sign of life on a planet.

  Which of the following statements explains how wateredi d1l*vmo; 5 has facilitated the evolution o;* vledo5di 1mf life on Earth?