What property of water helpscx6d*35.mnk +/zv ad7 g bpgjn living organisms maintain their internal body temperag+n dj 3/vbcz.ap*m5ng6dk 7x ture?

  Which of the following is not soluble in(j(it36pmni r1jtt 3 s water?

  What substances are attracted to water and 9p/ 0qri 7 -94xesavzmd6zdc jform intermolecular bonds with water molec pd6j9 /sie7m qcrdvxza4z9-0ules?

  Which of the following is a reason for)3lglgl+j gul3 l /1ho the retention of water on Earth?

  What is the most accepted theory for the origin o ) e, lp+vkzcrx)bio91f water on Earth?

  What intermolecular bond is responsible for water's cohesive, adheww 5o +1 e()nn7zxlwposive and thermal propert5on7w+1op en )zwxl( wies?

1.Outline how hydrogen bonds form bettm /n(sc jrzrh k0r/2/ween water molecules.

2.State one of the ways how hydrophilic substances interact with water.

3.State one of the ways how non-polar molecules interact with water.

4.Distinguish cohesion and adhesion.

  Which property of water enables marine animals such as the ringed seal (Pz4-udq( - iyhkusa hispida) to stay afloat in water without expending large amounts ofz4 -ku-hdiq (y energy?

  The cohesive and adhesive properties of water allow xylem, e ubups,)m;5uhf or2rh+zi*ju+km 2 vessels to transport water inside plantsepr,r5 ub+ m,jf)u s+h2 *;hu2m okizu.

Which of the following are correct descriptions of how these properties are related to water transport in plants?

  Which of the followingouq,v7r nx6ntxh80 .p:q v0 b lyx4*zg is a reason that the Earth is considered to be in ‘The Goldilocks zone’, but Saturn7gyb. x r: 0*lq 08nnpt46v ,oqvhxxzu is not?

  Which of the following statements about the y hl1 u-a)/-iywlxol 5dipolarity of the water molecule are true? iuh- 5)oy-lx1l/la yw
I. Oxygen attracts the shared electrons stronger than hydrogen.
II.Hydrogen atoms are partially negative.
III.The shared electrons spend more time closer to oxygen.

  Which of the following is not a reason that scientists look for the prevr/zlsse cj dqok5z*:/ +()gtsence of water on planets as a sign of extraterrestrial lif*+sqr )t5gdz/c e(:z vlsj/koe?

  Which term to describe a property of water is matched to it4 a4 x8nigmj:6vt vse.s correct definition?it :jnxg 46em48av .vs

  The image shows a water strider d6jxaxv8-te (mf+ck; zwd 1hf 12whja i(k3 -h(G. lacustris) on the surface of a pond. What property of water is not depicted in the imawamk6 jc3h8 fa+f((2vix;e 1hhj1-- wktxdzdge?

Below is a picture of a water strider (Gerris sp.). c9f blqiet ut 6i3;6x1


1.Explain why the water strider (Gerris sp.) does not sink.
2.Describe, using an example, the importance of water as a solvent in living organisms.

The image shows a ringed seal (Pusa hispida) that lives cgms .(5 ydy63ttv/:rl3pc cuin the Arctic Sea.


1.Distinguish between the physical properties of air and water that allow the seal to mostly live in the sea.
2.Ringed seals glide into the water head first from ice shelves, rather like humans diving into a pool head first. Explain the advantage of entering the water in this way rather than ‘belly-flopping’ into the water.

  An investigation was carried out into the effects of hou4b )uzlo7olj6iot ibg9 h .g33sehold detergents on aquatic habitats. Scientists tested thbl7oiil g3 43).jgbu6h zot o9e effect of different household detergents on the surface tension of water in order to better understand the impact they may have on organisms living on the surface.

A paper clip was folded slightly on one side and rested on the surface of the water, maintained at a constant temperature and contained within a water tank. Drops of detergent solution were slowly added to the water tank until the paperclip sank to the bottom. The volume of detergent solution taken to sink the paperclip was recorded.

Detergent solutions were made by adding 5 ml of detergent to 15 ml of water.


1.Describe the relationship between the volume of detergent solution added and the surface tension of water.

2.1.For the Easy Clean detergent, calculate the mean number of drops of detergent needed to sink the paper clip.
Mean =  ml
2.2.Estimate how many drops of Easy Clean detergent solution it would take to sink 5 paper clips.

3.1.State one variable, other than those given, which would need to be controlled in this experiment in order to achieve a valid result.
3.2.Suggest one method that could be used to keep the water at a constant temperature.
3.3.Explain the importance of maintaining water at a constant temperature.
3.4.Identify one potential source of error in the methodology.
4.Suggest why different numbers of drops of detergent solution were needed to sink the paperclip between each type of detergent.

  Which of the following is not a real-life example of adhesion?/uwn h-h(hfv2bjo 8 *k

The image shows a cross-section of the vascular tissue of a woody dicot steie gkg0 s +gd63))acevm, showing the annual rini 0+e)gavk cdsg3e6g) gs of phloem and xylem.


Explain how the properties of water allow it to be transported in the xylem.
Describe a physical property of water, other than those that are important for the movement of water through the plant, that makes water essential for the survival of plants.
Outline why plants cannot use water to transport lipids.
If the temperature drops to -1$^{\circ}$ for a few hours suggest a reason why the water in xylem may not freeze.

  The black-throated loon (Gavia arctica) is a bird that lives near large bodiqls6 by)gsq4wza q20g,05yages of water in cold climates. Which of the following is a correct description of how the properties of wql,yb2gss05q)g0 y qaa 6zw4gater may make winter temperatures more moderate for the black-throated loon?

  Which of the following statement(s) about the role of wf. qm9xcyf 8(uater as a solvent is correct?9m8 f.yfux(q c

I. Salt can dissolve in water because it is hydrophilic
II. Lipids cannot dissolve in water because they are non-polar
III. Cellulose can dissolve in water, as it is able to form hydrogen bonds

  The micrograph below shows the longitudinal cross-section of1(bud yl4 rq l1bpkw3; a stem from a plant in the Pin4kuql 1yl1pb(rdbw3; us genus. Xylem vessels are clearly visible.


The xylem is composed of hollow, tube-like tissues that transport water through capillary action. What property of water explains capillary action?

The diagram shows a sola ywk,khy:/cj; r system very similar to ours, where five planets orbit a y y hw,kk:;/cjcentral star.


1.Define the term “Goldilocks zone”.

2.1.Label with the letter R the planet that is least likely to have extraterrestrial life present.

2.2Explain reasons for your answer to part (i).

3.1.Some of the planets in this solar system have water present on them. Suggest where this water might have come from.

3.2.Explain why the planets referred to in part (i) have retained water, whereas others in this solar system have not.

4.Suggest one other biological molecule, other than water, that may be a sign of life on a planet.

  Which of the following statements explains how water has facilitated the egb15+)b gfxa jvolution of lif5b +)fbxg1ajg e on Earth?