What provides evidence that all life on Egilj,/d( ;)pd *a,l iuv,kqrwarth evolved from the same population of cel,,i/ di* w)k ;j,glvpuar dql(ls?

  Identify the correct row in the table regarding the formr j hng qj sgyz,in(6ti4n)1p1 zu3g/-ation of vesicles.

  Whose experiments disproved spontaneous generat;pah6 xb+wjftpgt/3z5x, v7oion?

  Which type of isotopesy6dza i)bi-2n ,t(kqb are commonly used in absolute dating of fossils?

  Which of the following statements are reasons that RNA is jvgnom q4kqqfl 0d3 5spu9+*.believed to be the first genetic md gfqj3qnp*5 + 0so49. lkvqumaterial?
I. RNA can form spontaneously when nucleotides are present
II. RNA contains ribose as its sugar
III. Miller demonstrated that organic molecules could be produced from a mixture of gases under conditions that simulated early Earth

The diagram below shows j4hx5z a tbo/2+ph3br the apparatus used in the experiments conducted by Mille 3xjbazo5 b2 h+hr/4ptr and Urey.


Describe how this experiment showed that the origin of life was possible on early Earth.

  In the early 19th century, vitalism was atczl :)gw)-h 2b eg,mo widely accepted theory. This theory suggested that organic compounds, those found icl2gz -m)gbw,)h e ot:n living organisms, could only be produced through a "vital force" present in living matter.

What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?

  Which of the followinywgw*8 u6g;ve9t e (egg is not evidence to support that the last universal common ancestor (LUCvtey w6eeu98 *w;gg( gA) could have emerged at hydrothermal vents?

Researchers carried out a similar experiment to Louis Pastc.rcewu 2zymk 73ct0 /eur’s famous experiment disproving spontaneous generation, using the set up belouz03 ke.7/rtw2c cym cw at 30°C.



1.Outline the theory of spontaneous generation.

2.1.State two variables that must be controlled in this experiment.

2.2.Explain why it is important to have controlled variables in this study.

3.1.State the letters of three flasks which would show signs of decomposition of broth.

3.2.Explain your answer to part (i).

4.Suggest, with reasons, how the results of the study would differ if the flasks were incubated at 4°C.

  Louis Pasteur's famous experiments disproving spontaneous generation were repli+jis-uwly .+ vcated by placing bro js+ ui.wvy+l-th into various flasks.

Which two flasks would show the presence of microorganisms in the results?

Below is a diagram of Euglena a photosynthetic protist. It is a lil:tl1+tt7lh d d rj2r1ving cell which can carryjl 7d h t1dtrr:l1+lt2 out all the functions of life.

1.1.State which function of life the flagellum is adapted for.

1.2.State which function of life is enabled by the contractile vacuole.

2.Outline why viruses are not regarded as living organisms.

3.State two main principles of the cell theory

4.Explain how the properties of phospholipids mean they naturally form vesicles when in aqueous solution.

5.Explain how the formation of vesicles was important in the evolution of cells.