What provides evidence that all lif c sd;bs8553x3b+m,*gvcdcmh1 wwvj xe on Earth evolved from the same population o1mc3vxmdd ,jc b;g+*5xw5cv 8 3bhws sf cells?

  Identify the correct row in the table regarding the ob9 sezp :/,4z 0dl(1 ohzn*scvrfu- sformation of vesicles.

  Whose experiments dispt*j3q05ys8dn /d ji f/ zancq;roved spontaneous generation?

  Which type of isotopes are commh;6qykv*8++ew 4oglv w0oyrj, ns fc3 only used in absolute dating of fossils?

  Which of the following statements are reasons ,qmj vom g:*8kb-hnx .that RNA is believed to be the first genetic materiaqjx8mmb* ovn- .hk,:gl?
I. RNA can form spontaneously when nucleotides are present
II. RNA contains ribose as its sugar
III. Miller demonstrated that organic molecules could be produced from a mixture of gases under conditions that simulated early Earth

The diagram below shows the apparatus used in the experim8 -qk:uv 8hku,t lface-b*9gtents conducted by Miller and Ureylu 8t :ev,g *ahfkqbu 9-t8kc-.


Describe how this experiment showed that the origin of life was possible on early Earth.

  In the early 19th century, vit edmgb1 dk6sh (ut1(7k(:x y; ve8bkohalism was a widely accepted theory. This theory suggested that organic compounds, those found in living organisms,v1h 7eh(dy8 em:ko x (k;s6bb(gudk1t could only be produced through a "vital force" present in living matter.

What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?

  Which of the following is not evidence to cehafwu b901 *support that the last universal common ancestor (LU 9cfhbae10u* wCA) could have emerged at hydrothermal vents?

Researchers carried out a similar experiment to Louis Pasteur’s fiyrb.eo ,dzpu8i84 526bu lrlamous experiment disproving spontaez28iy lu u6d,4 .5birlr o8bpneous generation, using the set up below at 30°C.



1.Outline the theory of spontaneous generation.

2.1.State two variables that must be controlled in this experiment.

2.2.Explain why it is important to have controlled variables in this study.

3.1.State the letters of three flasks which would show signs of decomposition of broth.

3.2.Explain your answer to part (i).

4.Suggest, with reasons, how the results of the study would differ if the flasks were incubated at 4°C.

  Louis Pasteur's famous exper+ .gplu/nh2d oiments disproving spontaneous generation were replicated by placing broth into 2ngp+ o ulhd./various flasks.

Which two flasks would show the presence of microorganisms in the results?

Below is a diagram of Euglena a photosynthetic protist. It is a living cell:,cadd o4fxrv k;q,d ) which cak)cvo rd ,4aq:d;d x,fn carry out all the functions of life.

1.1.State which function of life the flagellum is adapted for.

1.2.State which function of life is enabled by the contractile vacuole.

2.Outline why viruses are not regarded as living organisms.

3.State two main principles of the cell theory

4.Explain how the properties of phospholipids mean they naturally form vesicles when in aqueous solution.

5.Explain how the formation of vesicles was important in the evolution of cells.