What provides evidence that all life on Earth evolved from the same populab49 .sd wrzh 27xi)hg((kz o9b2sqhrotion of ce(2g 4(rsqx rhbw zhh.db9s7oi9k )2zolls?

  Identify the correctfkl lw6jfk+ 3: c9aggr9qz2+. qgn y(c row in the table regarding the formation of vesicles.

  Whose experiments disproved spontaneouqx1pjxq93tbh4 j48i s4 0hwj rs generation?

  Which type of isotopes are commonly used in absolute dating of fnwinfnnj: q(s+9/ c.fossils?

  Which of the following statementt)b gooe i*n8z; *.sylpk41 ezs are reasons that RNA is believed to be the first genetic materialeb*lot.) y 4o1szz eg*k;p i8n?
I. RNA can form spontaneously when nucleotides are present
II. RNA contains ribose as its sugar
III. Miller demonstrated that organic molecules could be produced from a mixture of gases under conditions that simulated early Earth

The diagram below shows the apparatus used in the experiments conducted by Mir3gtfrj0e*a7f otit yk679r 4ller and Urey. t3 g6 kr4aif7*tjr 7oyf 0tre9


Describe how this experiment showed that the origin of life was possible on early Earth.

  In the early 19th century, vitalism was a widely accepted theory. This theor07k; xh5u5ltkbxe;w hy suggested that organic compoun;wuxl5hk0th5 b ek7x; ds, those found in living organisms, could only be produced through a "vital force" present in living matter.

What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?

  Which of the following is not9/vj2zi1 ixpgl* od0qi1 wxy8 evidence to support that the last universal common ancestor (LUCA) could have emerged at hydrothermal ventsjx2px viy18oi l g/10*d9zqwi?

Researchers carried out a sio)- xav)tyh+ y wd5/lxmilar experiment to Louis Pasteur’s famous experiment disproving spontaneous gene xyox v/5w))ha ty+-ldration, using the set up below at 30°C.



1.Outline the theory of spontaneous generation.

2.1.State two variables that must be controlled in this experiment.

2.2.Explain why it is important to have controlled variables in this study.

3.1.State the letters of three flasks which would show signs of decomposition of broth.

3.2.Explain your answer to part (i).

4.Suggest, with reasons, how the results of the study would differ if the flasks were incubated at 4°C.

  Louis Pasteur's famous experiments disproving spontaneous ag :k/ ast-5 :a hu)fnfrh9ulnbww) 5 /ie48kjgeneration were replicated by placing brothew t/) h:kgn/5-kr a:laj4fa n hufsui)w589b into various flasks.

Which two flasks would show the presence of microorganisms in the results?

Below is a diagram of Euglena a photosynthetic protist. It is a livinhsd h8grcv.50g cell which can carr0 vsdhr58gc h.y out all the functions of life.

1.1.State which function of life the flagellum is adapted for.

1.2.State which function of life is enabled by the contractile vacuole.

2.Outline why viruses are not regarded as living organisms.

3.State two main principles of the cell theory

4.Explain how the properties of phospholipids mean they naturally form vesicles when in aqueous solution.

5.Explain how the formation of vesicles was important in the evolution of cells.