What provides evidenceoyfdpe0 .wm5 hxk c)cf(at00jaxz 2, 8 that all life on Earth evolved from the same population of cellsh.z k(ofcp0w,0jmf y txd5a)xa e8c0 2?

  Identify the correct row in the table regarding the formation of vesicles.q( 1l,, tlyvpz

  Whose experiments disprso cw lky)9m-+r nwf3(oved spontaneous generation?

  Which type of isotopes are commonly used in absolute dating of fossil47 5w n0t,0pnlktmsgn s?

  Which of the following statements are reasons that RNA is belie)ozx76 ep,6/ipk tij*gl t1eplw6 tl0ved to be the first genetic 6ltji,ppt6 xi/tl0 o7pe*1 ) eg6k wlzmaterial?
I. RNA can form spontaneously when nucleotides are present
II. RNA contains ribose as its sugar
III. Miller demonstrated that organic molecules could be produced from a mixture of gases under conditions that simulated early Earth

The diagram below shows the apparatus used in the experiments conducted by Mi73a )n -ahx :syf/ehaalle aaxsye7:- f)n3haa /hr and Urey.


Describe how this experiment showed that the origin of life was possible on early Earth.

  In the early 19th century, vitalism was a widely accepted the4)wbgexf 0 .yvory. This theory suggested that organic compounds, those found in living4fwy 0)ev. gbx organisms, could only be produced through a "vital force" present in living matter.

What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?

  Which of the following is not evidence to support that the last univers bxm,ry dn8g 7k 7ih+zt7rng86al commonk6ygxi7 ,7tzbndmgr+8 nr h78 ancestor (LUCA) could have emerged at hydrothermal vents?

Researchers carried out uwf*bv q8f4;w o3r 8lta similar experiment to Louis Pasteur’s famous experiment disproving spontaneous generation, using the set uorbf* 8qv4w 3wlf;8tup below at 30°C.



1.Outline the theory of spontaneous generation.

2.1.State two variables that must be controlled in this experiment.

2.2.Explain why it is important to have controlled variables in this study.

3.1.State the letters of three flasks which would show signs of decomposition of broth.

3.2.Explain your answer to part (i).

4.Suggest, with reasons, how the results of the study would differ if the flasks were incubated at 4°C.

  Louis Pasteur's famous experiments disproving spontaneous generation we1xws qjo)+( o*x6 ;qrixoabv37o kjn/ re replicated by placing broth into various flaso v ora+sx(wonib6 kx 7qjq13);o/*jx ks.

Which two flasks would show the presence of microorganisms in the results?

Below is a diagram of Eu ot)ume1ol5+5 ln.v wim0js (rglena a photosynthetic protist. It is a living cell which can carry out all thliwte (u)rnl55+1vojmmo.s0 e functions of life.

1.1.State which function of life the flagellum is adapted for.

1.2.State which function of life is enabled by the contractile vacuole.

2.Outline why viruses are not regarded as living organisms.

3.State two main principles of the cell theory

4.Explain how the properties of phospholipids mean they naturally form vesicles when in aqueous solution.

5.Explain how the formation of vesicles was important in the evolution of cells.