What provides evidence that all life on E- xbdo9f:*u + ceqhf:rarth evolved from the same population of 9e:o r:f*bqux c-+dhfcells?

  Identify the correct row in the table regarding the formation of vep 7j n9ukhdh36u.k) ynsicles.

  Whose experiments dispris70zvdx 0,6o:igir1h k bx5qoved spontaneous generation?

  Which type of isotopes are comq2iq+ sfwd6;lk 6n r0fmonly used in absolute dating of fossils?

  Which of the following statemen6(i 45 31ciaegfeftxgts are reasons that RNA is believed to be the first genet3 4i1g6 x eicta5f(fegic material?
I. RNA can form spontaneously when nucleotides are present
II. RNA contains ribose as its sugar
III. Miller demonstrated that organic molecules could be produced from a mixture of gases under conditions that simulated early Earth

The diagram below shows the apparatus used in the e0q) bc7jlxrg0 uhn() fax s91fxperiments conducted by Miller and Urey.gxa(q9jbfl ))x1h07usrc0 fn


Describe how this experiment showed that the origin of life was possible on early Earth.

  In the early 19th century, vitalism w(y,lpn )cb u6xd.5toxufqli1 wqe ,/3as a widely accepted theory. This theory suggested that organic compounds, those found in living organisms, could only be produced through a "vital force" present in living matter bl3.x ,5l(pfyc6ox,/iut)uwqe1d nq .

What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?

  Which of the following is not evidence to support that the last u, ;xo6ojxy f7tniversal common ancestor (LUCA) could have emerged at hydrotho6y fjx7;x, toermal vents?

Researchers carried out a similare.q g p26;daojlm.x2h 00ahj l experiment to Louis Pasteur’s famous experiment disproving spontaneous generation, using the set up bell;o0 p.ea0q .2ad6hj2jhglxmow at 30°C.



1.Outline the theory of spontaneous generation.

2.1.State two variables that must be controlled in this experiment.

2.2.Explain why it is important to have controlled variables in this study.

3.1.State the letters of three flasks which would show signs of decomposition of broth.

3.2.Explain your answer to part (i).

4.Suggest, with reasons, how the results of the study would differ if the flasks were incubated at 4°C.

  Louis Pasteur's famous experiments disproving spontaneous gep +;o-r 1ibwuvneration were replicated by placing b ;pr i1bo-wvu+roth into various flasks.

Which two flasks would show the presence of microorganisms in the results?

Below is a diagram of Euglena a photosynthetic protist. It is a lr +cb1f;-fi6men2e sd iving cell which ci ;+ be1mcne-sd rff62an carry out all the functions of life.

1.1.State which function of life the flagellum is adapted for.

1.2.State which function of life is enabled by the contractile vacuole.

2.Outline why viruses are not regarded as living organisms.

3.State two main principles of the cell theory

4.Explain how the properties of phospholipids mean they naturally form vesicles when in aqueous solution.

5.Explain how the formation of vesicles was important in the evolution of cells.