What provides evidence that80) v ft8vdbj jtpl wrb09gii(7h297jq;srym all life on Earth evolved from the same population of ceq b(yt )7s80jr099rt wgbhipvfv28 7d l;jjimlls?

  Identify the correct row in the table regarding th kjnjd2hu)vf+8v2 bx+e formation of vesicles.

  Whose experiments disproved spontaneou1u9jruj6hay*ey((c ) 7ybpzes generation?

  Which type of isotopes are commonly u;l+7qz.pw w e ag yu1lr*s-b-ksed in absolute dating of fossils?

  Which of the following statements are reasons thayvlm,jp c5; m ct;2.mst RNA is believed to be the first genemcmp;l, . vt2m 5y;cjstic material?
I. RNA can form spontaneously when nucleotides are present
II. RNA contains ribose as its sugar
III. Miller demonstrated that organic molecules could be produced from a mixture of gases under conditions that simulated early Earth

The diagram below shows the apparatus used in thzc*i03 jv-odgb3nj74)a e(r/n:wl kcdnv yt 0 e experiments conducted by Millern0*v wi-v)dco7 eg k(:ac0jt 3r nlnjzd/4by 3 and Urey.


Describe how this experiment showed that the origin of life was possible on early Earth.

  In the early 19th century, vitalis)wb+8bx*k fwuo8 fx 4am was a widely accepted theory. This theory suggested that organic compounds, those found in living org 8wx* k)+4xuf8baobw fanisms, could only be produced through a "vital force" present in living matter.

What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?

  Which of the following is not evidence to support that the last univeh-245wd9fac6 uzkd*vkf5s btrsal common ancestor (LUCA) could hf hud v4*5bs5-26kdzfk ac9wt ave emerged at hydrothermal vents?

Researchers carried out a similar experiment to Louis Pasteur’w:m d*bff36ja s famous experiment disproving spontaneous generation, using the set up belowj 3*6mwdf:ab f at 30°C.



1.Outline the theory of spontaneous generation.

2.1.State two variables that must be controlled in this experiment.

2.2.Explain why it is important to have controlled variables in this study.

3.1.State the letters of three flasks which would show signs of decomposition of broth.

3.2.Explain your answer to part (i).

4.Suggest, with reasons, how the results of the study would differ if the flasks were incubated at 4°C.

  Louis Pasteur's famous ;;kkz+ psrdi f x40n8xexperiments disproving spontaneous generation were replicated by placing broth into various flaskispdk8;f +xxk4n;0r zs.

Which two flasks would show the presence of microorganisms in the results?

Below is a diagram of Euglena a photosynthetic p4gojw80 zfidjqn++, krotist. It is a living cell which can carry out all the functi j+doknji840+gzwq f, ons of life.

1.1.State which function of life the flagellum is adapted for.

1.2.State which function of life is enabled by the contractile vacuole.

2.Outline why viruses are not regarded as living organisms.

3.State two main principles of the cell theory

4.Explain how the properties of phospholipids mean they naturally form vesicles when in aqueous solution.

5.Explain how the formation of vesicles was important in the evolution of cells.