What provides evidence that9fspdurq7h i* ueg-) : all life on Earth evolved from the same population of cellfhisqe:*)-p 9rdugu 7s?

  Identify the correct row in the t0loachq hb:r36-iv2 jbl4 bm;able regarding the formation of vesicles.

  Whose experiments disproved spontakog.f (*rj -qaneous generation?

  Which type of isotopes are commonly used in absolute lsuhf vwdp9 v.k/*. 6e(gw z)bdating of fossils?

  Which of the following statements are reasons that RN1abgk sjf mgf11j+ r 04o*8pwuA is believed to be the first genetic materiaj0*pjba +8wff sgk 1u11 mgr4ol?
I. RNA can form spontaneously when nucleotides are present
II. RNA contains ribose as its sugar
III. Miller demonstrated that organic molecules could be produced from a mixture of gases under conditions that simulated early Earth

The diagram below shows the apparatus used in the experimen 05xizc3gfop;)lmm q8ts conducted by Miller ;8zq oxi0p) l mgcmf35and Urey.


Describe how this experiment showed that the origin of life was possible on early Earth.

  In the early 19th century, vitalism was a widely accepted theorhzo* 0i-4;dot wvpt0 m ao.6iq-vaek/y. This theory suggested that organic compoh/a6-0zaeqwmd ;. i-oto ti 4opvk0*vunds, those found in living organisms, could only be produced through a "vital force" present in living matter.

What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?

  Which of the following is not evidence to support that the last universal )uu/mwjncp:w jc qt86or lw y;e7y 701common ancestor (LUCA) could have emerged at hydrothe0/7:tpr17 c q mwncej6owy luy;j8w u)rmal vents?

Researchers carried out a similar experiment to Louis Pasteur’s famous exp zk hl84iyx+7b xrl6h:pu-w,geriment disproving spontaneous generation, u4-rhp ,bl x+uy76 glxhwiz:k8sing the set up below at 30°C.



1.Outline the theory of spontaneous generation.

2.1.State two variables that must be controlled in this experiment.

2.2.Explain why it is important to have controlled variables in this study.

3.1.State the letters of three flasks which would show signs of decomposition of broth.

3.2.Explain your answer to part (i).

4.Suggest, with reasons, how the results of the study would differ if the flasks were incubated at 4°C.

  Louis Pasteur's famous experiments disprovi jiqaq0q:/ p/5r1waqzuot ;q2ng spontaneous generation were replicatejqq5 iq/2ow 0 pqu :;a/tza1qrd by placing broth into various flasks.

Which two flasks would show the presence of microorganisms in the results?

Below is a diagram o 278rqrut (xva:xv8 qlf Euglena a photosynthetic protist. It is a living cell which can2 (vrtl8u: a xv8qr7qx carry out all the functions of life.

1.1.State which function of life the flagellum is adapted for.

1.2.State which function of life is enabled by the contractile vacuole.

2.Outline why viruses are not regarded as living organisms.

3.State two main principles of the cell theory

4.Explain how the properties of phospholipids mean they naturally form vesicles when in aqueous solution.

5.Explain how the formation of vesicles was important in the evolution of cells.