Which statement about *tgd/*q wib-c o*g(yteukaryotic cells is correct?

  Which are common features of bacterial cells? t;t,cpqx+cb)yt 4 ml7
I.
Have a single chromosome
II.
Have plasmids
III.
DNA associated with proteins

  What type of cell is shown in the imr) n0vl1d j(owage?

  Which statement(s) about the endosymbiotic theory is0q19j (i)s (ivnn,ikvcwkg 0z true?
I.
It provides evidence for the origin of prokaryotes.
II.
It provides evidence for the origin of eukaryotes.
III.
It provides evidence for spontaneous generation.

  What provides evidence that all life onr04 lqf.aic 8nq:qz:0e do 1yg Earth evolved from the same population of c0l 1.8e gfro: qan04q qiz:ydcells?

  These photographs show the same section of a human retina. What i 0i.l rrch a;,v9;tfmys the reason for the difference between the two diagrams? arv9cl; ;f.yih,mt0 r

  Paramecium produces enzymes that catalyse different+yjl ;-twmb nt9gzb0;xk r p:( chemical reactions taking place in the cytoplasm. What function of life is demonstrated in this situa-mr;t:x 9p;yljtgw znkb+0 b(tion?

  What do the two labelled organt0ve )ko,jk +tl73nsh . -p gn0b*loflelles have in common?

  Which organelle has a double memb zven,tew76h 3zf3 pm8rane?

  Which row in the table correctly identifiwpzna +.)edh 8es structures which are present (✓) or absent (×) e) hza.8+ pwdnin prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

  Which structure found in a eu(xkh1hi4 dk 4 gl0bx+)ax7x-xn5 crv gkaryote has a double membrane?

  
Chlorella contains the molecule chlorophyll which makes it to appear green. What life function is exhibited in this example?

  Which of the following statements are true about the structure of )y:wb r.6rz:dgcg4x gcells?
I. All cells contain cytoplasm enclosed by the plasma membrane.
II. The microscope was important in understanding the structure of the cell.
III. Prokaryotes do not have genetic material.

  Which of the following 6pjr:gmev- x 3is not a function of the Golgi apparatus?

  Which statement(s) about cnh-f e1bm:ha1ell structure is/are not true?

I.
Prokaryotic cells have a compartmentalised structure.

II.
Only eukaryotic cells have a Golgi apparatus.

III.
Only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

  The image below is a micrograph of b.khq . upl-z2ulood.


1.Identify the part of the cells labelled A and B.
arrow    points to the plasma membrane
arrow    points to the nucleus
2.Outline why blood is classified as a tissue.

3.State where the stem cells needed to produce red blood cells are located.it is      .

4.Progenitor cells are produced by dividing stem cells. These cells will eventually differentiate even further. Blood cells have a common progenitor cell. Describe the process that happens to these progenitor cells.

  The micrograph below shows E. coli cellqhjtv+: yytl4l: -uj+s.


1.Identify the structure labelled I in the micrograph.

2.If the magnification of the image is x36,000 and the length of cell II in the image is 54 mm, calculate the actual length of cell II in micrometres (µm).The number=  µm.

3.State one feature, other than the structure labelled I, that can be used to identify the cells in this micrograph as prokaryotic cells.

  Which structure is found in both eukaryotic and ,l;.nd tzhn2c prokaryotic cells?

  Mesophyll cells are found in plants. Plant cells have unique chardb (,r8hbvteaz) s lf2,,7 rydacteristics that distinguish them fror l r,,2d7)vh, zbbfd8(esaty m any other cell type.

In the micrograph above, one of the cell parts is labelled X. What is the name of this structure?

  The micrograph shows a transverse sectio:8n0n3 lye7-tkb j0,9;: h jy rkweocapqb,iu n through a leaf.



1.1.Identify an adaptation of this leaf for its function.

2.2.Identify the cell organelle that is found in particularly high numbers in the palisade mesophyll cells.
it is   .

This micrograph shows a transverse section through a pancreatic acinar cell. Acinar cells are found in the exocrine tissue of the pancreas.


2.1.Explain how the structure of this cell is related to the function of the synthesis of proteins for release from the cell.

2.2.State why an electron microscope is needed to view the ultrastructure of the acinar cells.

  Which row correctly describes the DNA and chromosomes of bacterial celm(p8fvv6ng1l ls?

  Cyanobacteria are prokaryotes that can perform ph+4abnn )c+ffd g yd )lh:doupy7)-o +yotosynthesis. Which structural feature is common to both cyanob7u))d+bhfcoy +)y:ny-d+ anlog fp4dacteria and plant cells?

  Which statement provides evidence for the endosymbiotic t7-uj5 swrfe ;sheory?

  Which part of the cell is labelled with the letter Pm kfbsq6yb3 (kh(rtlak 7u*. (?

  What feature of chloroplasts provid 3/ j -txpqr-dxj)mje6n+ )t0zr3l ntfes evidence for the endosymbiotic theory?

  The micrograph shows an image of a plant cell taken with a light microsq 8le8rwhs0. l ec.xt9cope.

1.Calculate the magnification of the image, showing your work.
Magnification=   x

2.Label, with the letter N, a nucleus in the image.

3.The image was taken using a light microscope. State how you deduce this from the image.

4.Draw and label a diagram to show how the same type of plant cell shown in the micrograph would appear when examined with an electron microscope.

5.State two differences that would be seen when looking at an electron micrograph of a bacterium cell compared to this plant cell.

6.At first, the student who took this image could not see the cell when focusing the microscope. Suggest what may have caused this problem.

  The electron micrograph below shows a cell of the bacterium Vibrio choler((-jl lu p:*ucv6gwo vae. Which of the labelled structures maintains t( *: 6c-lg(jwuvopu vlhe cell’s shape and protects the cell from lysing during osmosis?

  Which process is most likely responsible for t6:mkr8w(m xreqgr0t d5l 2l 7dhe origin of mitochondria as a eukaryotic cell organelle? mgr:7llerq0 x2kd5mw6r(d8t

  Which organelle is the site of 9vqdja,cb d l.13p xgx/p.z9fprotein synthesis?

The diagram below shows a cyanobactewwrp w9p(a vu-s8 kj981yyb4+z jqyy 9rium, Synechococcus elongatus.

1.1.State whether the cell shown in the microphotograph is eukaryotic or prokaryotic. Give a reason for your answer.

1.2.State two features found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell structures.

1.3.Identify the type of microscope which was used to produce the microphotograph above. Give a reason for your answer.

1.4.Describe the function of X.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum.

  1.1.Identify an organelle visible in the figure below whose structure provis(e9dm. cd c( i95byal/,v lycdes evidence for the sdy5c.(,/l (lcbc dyiaem9 v9 endosymbiotic theory.
organelle is   



1.2.Label with the letter S an example of the organelle that you named in part (i).

1.3.Describe three features of the organelle named in part (i) that support the endosymbiotic theory.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of a mitochondrion and typical prokaryote.

  Which statements abojq5 c r5vm3f11h uexc-ut unicellular and multicellular organisms are correct?

Below is a diagram of a motor neuron. Neuronwr (m,nu3*jx8 j 5jezns are the longest cells in the human body. jerj(,*umjwnx 5nz 83



1.Explain the factors that limit cell size in humans.

2.Explain how life functions are performed by Paramecium.

  The following electron micrograph shows part of zqnybg6( 2*acan exocrine pancreas cell. Which of abyg* n6(qc 2zthe labelled structures is responsible for the production of vesicles for exocytosis?

All organisms contain genetic material. The type, quantity and locatiot9x*u5tt,6,eff be etn of genetic material differ between kingdoms atx9eef5 tf 6beu*t t,,nd species.

1.State if the cell shown in the image is a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell. Give a reason for your answer.



2.Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA.

3.Outline Cairns' technique for measuring the length of prokaryotic DNA.

  Which statements about chloroplasts and mitochondria support therrklx3cr gk)3 vt :::n endosymbiotic the:lr:3 k3nrr kxtvc: g)ory?

1.Outline the steps in calculating the magnificatioje4ugk . npt*t qsp)ggf3 ;k7 sp9or93n of a micrograph.

2.Describe the steps taken to focus on a specimen using the 40x objective lens of a light microscope.

  The diagram below showsv:l nhw(7gto) a cell.


1.1.Deduce with a reason, what type of cell this is.

1.2.Calculate the magnification of the cell.The magnification of the cell=   x.

1.3.Outline two functions of life carried out by the cell in the diagram.

2.1.State the type of microscope used to produce the image.

2.2.Explain your choice of microscope for part (i).

  Palisade mesophyll cells produce and release large amounts of fzjsvl4fsh4 4:3mwl vf21z 8y carbohydrates. Which characteristics would 4v4z1hfm3swfs vlzf jy84:2 l you expect to observe in such cells?

The diagram below shotzl 9te5: f 9d(ln5hvcws a cell.

1.1.Compare and contrast the structure of a mictochondrion with the structure of the cell shown in the diagram.

1.2.Explain why the cell in the diagram is structurally similar to a mitochondrion.

  Which statement applies to both mitochond xd;f k 6f(o2jnq2jav6ria and prokaryotes?

  What is the correct magnification of this image?3 8cjr+djoh:j

  Which characteristic is not true foxdd2f*sc+yn 0b e* ,plr both mitochondria and chloroplasts?

  The electron micrograph shows a prokaryotic cell, Cyclotella litoralis. W 8ixm(re8gs+7byb; myu1+ a xzhat is t zyr 7e xmxmu+b8y8+g(b1si; ahe actual diameter of the cell in this image?

  The electron micrograph shows 5gg pp) ofwy-/lypc d6 sw,;-kan animal cell.

  The electron micrograph shows a sarcomere, the smallesuc8mv+amzy hu b.w qnfh.c /qe71; 4b(t functional unit of striate8uqun;y.a(wc v /+4me7.h fhmzbc1qbd muscle tissue. What is the actual length between the two Z lines?

  Which organelle is formed by a vesicle derived f,m+d e hgsvvv0 87c/eerom the cell membrane?

  Which organism contains DNA in exactly two different distab : k;h)1ys1 -ukorganelles?

1.Outline one way unicellular organisms can coebc-55th k9 oarry out each of nutrition, movement and excretion5-kt5ob ceho 9.

2.Draw a single mitochondrion, and annotate it to outline the role of four labelled structures.

3.Compare and contrast the structure of E. coli and a palisade mesophyll cell.

  What feature distinguishes fungal hyphae and striated mfml3c8rqn8b :i. i)j nuscle from the two cell types sho :8inm3i cnjfqrl.b8)wn in the images?