Which statement about eukaryotic cells is corezs ke +yb3svk jza*f .,0n*f ay.v,t.rect?

  Which are common features of bacuxlw l-4 zfx+(terial cells?
I.
Have a single chromosome
II.
Have plasmids
III.
DNA associated with proteins

  What type of cell is shown in thsk i3sbi 0u(,oe image?

  Which statement(s) about the endosymbiotic theory is trob t3cl/00k wnue?
I.
It provides evidence for the origin of prokaryotes.
II.
It provides evidence for the origin of eukaryotes.
III.
It provides evidence for spontaneous generation.

  What provides evidence that all life on Earth evolved firh xs29,j- omq2g; rwrom the same population of cells -x2roirsq,2;9hw gmj?

  These photographs show the same section ,cz8 :-rv m+h8: yfigme(q2 algbnwk(of a human retina. What is the reason for (cammq(vg:8zl2kw, ng+b:y h-8 rfie the difference between the two diagrams?

  Paramecium produces enzymes ; m.me-y 8lwk8 kwzgr9that catalyse different chemical reactions taking place in the cytoplasm. What w9lk.zk8y gew;8 -rmmfunction of life is demonstrated in this situation?

  What do the two labelled organelles hsiyo 7fwa 9ee65kk z:5ave in common?

  Which organelle has a double mrhv/(m4:e krmx 9p lt-embrane?

  Which row in the table correctly identk j, e509blbdeifies structures which are present (✓) or absent (×)je0bd k5eb,l9 in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

  Which structure found bh plv19(lfe3pbx 8.vin a eukaryote has a double membrane?

  
Chlorella contains the molecule chlorophyll which makes it to appear green. What life function is exhibited in this example?

  Which of the following statements are true about the structure of cellsor / o)kq) ,)mkbrwmb(?
I. All cells contain cytoplasm enclosed by the plasma membrane.
II. The microscope was important in understanding the structure of the cell.
III. Prokaryotes do not have genetic material.

  Which of the following is not a functioqk8o(;r /4wc cnp4ysb n of the Golgi apparatus?

  Which statement(s) about cell structure is/are not true? z:rg.bzr8 o5 0v rbvsb/ xag .xq:j2t6

I.
Prokaryotic cells have a compartmentalised structure.

II.
Only eukaryotic cells have a Golgi apparatus.

III.
Only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

  The image below is a micrograph h fc9g)1(2hsbm jnu.cihq9s (of blood.


1.Identify the part of the cells labelled A and B.
arrow    points to the plasma membrane
arrow    points to the nucleus
2.Outline why blood is classified as a tissue.

3.State where the stem cells needed to produce red blood cells are located.it is      .

4.Progenitor cells are produced by dividing stem cells. These cells will eventually differentiate even further. Blood cells have a common progenitor cell. Describe the process that happens to these progenitor cells.

  The micrograph below shows E. coli cells.u8o-xk1y; n ck :gj)x(1vgm. ewk3ssn


1.Identify the structure labelled I in the micrograph.

2.If the magnification of the image is x36,000 and the length of cell II in the image is 54 mm, calculate the actual length of cell II in micrometres (µm).The number=  µm.

3.State one feature, other than the structure labelled I, that can be used to identify the cells in this micrograph as prokaryotic cells.

  Which structure is found 9+nju1.fh-fr afs nd9 in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

  Mesophyll cells are found in plants. Plant cells have unique characteristics thc,te2lxxfys.;o cb5s otrnw(2 ( 7k b(at d o .n (tbs l2x,bcte( ;y(kr5xwcs72ofistinguish them from any other cell type.

In the micrograph above, one of the cell parts is labelled X. What is the name of this structure?

  The micrograph shows a transverse section gz+ rjee5m 95b 8b4evwr*i99iwo9xlu through a leaf.



1.1.Identify an adaptation of this leaf for its function.

2.2.Identify the cell organelle that is found in particularly high numbers in the palisade mesophyll cells.
it is   .

This micrograph shows a transverse section through a pancreatic acinar cell. Acinar cells are found in the exocrine tissue of the pancreas.


2.1.Explain how the structure of this cell is related to the function of the synthesis of proteins for release from the cell.

2.2.State why an electron microscope is needed to view the ultrastructure of the acinar cells.

  Which row correctly describes the DNA and chromosomes of bg wgo1a laqre. ed40-m 9*bis2acterial cells?

  Cyanobacteria are prokaryotes that can perform photosynthesis. Wy j+f5zerv/7 ghich structural feature is common to both cyanobacteria +gjyv ezf/75 rand plant cells?

  Which statement provides evidence for the end+1*ftk3 su n78vlkblv2fjb+uh c-xd5u px*f -osymbiotic theory?

  Which part of the cell is labelled with the 0v34vto70e(su xf(v2 tbjoa l letter P?

  What feature of chloroplasts provides evidence for the endosymbiotic thega-b (khlt0u:+d e2 zeory?

  The micrograph shows an image of a plant c 2kvk38o lg(ew0axmz1 ell taken with a light microscope.

1.Calculate the magnification of the image, showing your work.
Magnification=   x

2.Label, with the letter N, a nucleus in the image.

3.The image was taken using a light microscope. State how you deduce this from the image.

4.Draw and label a diagram to show how the same type of plant cell shown in the micrograph would appear when examined with an electron microscope.

5.State two differences that would be seen when looking at an electron micrograph of a bacterium cell compared to this plant cell.

6.At first, the student who took this image could not see the cell when focusing the microscope. Suggest what may have caused this problem.

  The electron micrograph mvk y27+z+-lt*ihtqn (do3og below shows a cell of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Which of the labelled structures maintytm(3t+-vogd h2inoz+kl *q 7 ains the cell’s shape and protects the cell from lysing during osmosis?

  Which process is most likely re3jg,uhckc 0b 9;v3w6o-gpkxj sponsible for the origin of mitochondria as a euk g pkw-k3jbx0jhc ,ocg93vu6;aryotic cell organelle?

  Which organelle is the site of protein synthe+i5jt mewz) ( 3,nhqxrsis?

The diagram below shokh49-6*nz ip z v ftuzru-:v)dws a cyanobacterium, Synechococcus elongatus.

1.1.State whether the cell shown in the microphotograph is eukaryotic or prokaryotic. Give a reason for your answer.

1.2.State two features found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell structures.

1.3.Identify the type of microscope which was used to produce the microphotograph above. Give a reason for your answer.

1.4.Describe the function of X.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum.

  1.1.Identify an organelle visible in the figure below whose structure providvquab*i+l0 sp6u(: zok om/1oes evidence for the endoszo /0kmapuo+s*l( 6iq bv:1 uoymbiotic theory.
organelle is   



1.2.Label with the letter S an example of the organelle that you named in part (i).

1.3.Describe three features of the organelle named in part (i) that support the endosymbiotic theory.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of a mitochondrion and typical prokaryote.

  Which statements about unicellular and multicellular organisms are correcxjs(qy a,j1n se0a e)5r5im1ft?

Below is a diagram of a motor neuron. Neurons are the longest cells in the hu+ 3w: taac zyrpl;3gd/man bod3 rd at+acyl3 ;zpw/g:y.



1.Explain the factors that limit cell size in humans.

2.Explain how life functions are performed by Paramecium.

  The following electron micrograph shows part of an exoc a u*qzrk)v1+anhk3k5rine pancreas cell. Which of the labelled structures is responsible for the prok*3 qa15v z+akh)rnuk duction of vesicles for exocytosis?

All organisms contain genetic material. The type, 3vnq-maw 3 2uhquantity and location of genetic materi2 u3nw -mav3hqal differ between kingdoms and species.

1.State if the cell shown in the image is a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell. Give a reason for your answer.



2.Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA.

3.Outline Cairns' technique for measuring the length of prokaryotic DNA.

  Which statements about chloroplasts and mitochondria suxhf81c * ahs n/mtbjq+s9g,j9mhy y )9pport the endosymbiotic theor1n)t, *sjmyh /9y f9h + q8jhb9csxgamy?

1.Outline the steps in calculating the magnif-ru0mh x4wmt *ication of a micrograph.

2.Describe the steps taken to focus on a specimen using the 40x objective lens of a light microscope.

  The diagram below shdhl;d,mwzrd( 9c bu.4ows a cell.


1.1.Deduce with a reason, what type of cell this is.

1.2.Calculate the magnification of the cell.The magnification of the cell=   x.

1.3.Outline two functions of life carried out by the cell in the diagram.

2.1.State the type of microscope used to produce the image.

2.2.Explain your choice of microscope for part (i).

  Palisade mesophyll cells produce and release large amounts of carbohydra,cl 9h,hj-)s/as zr vptes. Which characteristics would /,9vssjlzrp,hca h- ) you expect to observe in such cells?

The diagram below shtoqoz 7aa2 4y:*ox-je q 00ywfows a cell.

1.1.Compare and contrast the structure of a mictochondrion with the structure of the cell shown in the diagram.

1.2.Explain why the cell in the diagram is structurally similar to a mitochondrion.

  Which statement applies to both mitochondrkwdl1v6 vhuwlw944 4)iosy;nia and prokaryotes?

  What is the correct magnifitei0a mkicc43z/5 /k tcation of this image?

  Which characteristic is not true for bo05l ffhnn rih ,s++bqy+sxo/+z)-dzwth mitochondria and chloroplasts?

  The electron micrograph shows a prokaryotic cell, Cyclotqo+t6s2:0g/:goy :rj 9tk ug ngwj)we ella litoralis. What is the actual diameter of the cell in this imagqjot)+r9n/u:wgs:w g2 ky :j6tge o0ge?

  The electron microgra2t vgvd8).t: chj8dt r+rd:gyph shows an animal cell.

  The electron micrograph shows a sarcomere, the smallest functi8ni,,coyw0hd onal unit of striated muscle yhiow 8d0c,n ,tissue. What is the actual length between the two Z lines?

  Which organelle is formedhosd 0 vm)w py6(-f;kr by a vesicle derived from the cell membrane?

  Which organism contains DNA in exactly two dtel03;lapm vx9*oya- ifferent organelles?

1.Outline one way unicellular organisms can carry out each of nutri.b i c6.xp qk4dsmp/i0tion, movement and excretiop/qis.ibx0k m64.d cpn.

2.Draw a single mitochondrion, and annotate it to outline the role of four labelled structures.

3.Compare and contrast the structure of E. coli and a palisade mesophyll cell.

  What feature distinguishes fungal hyphae and hl-b4m2l )jda striated muscle from the two cell types shb-2 4jl)lmdah own in the images?