Which statement about eukaryotic celmy/s.nu58fh b m)dq0 r7zzdi,ls is correct?

  Which are common fearcv 9k;da6i ;etures of bacterial cells?
I.
Have a single chromosome
II.
Have plasmids
III.
DNA associated with proteins

  What type of cell is shown in the 7+5cfwfs eg f7image?

  Which statement(s) about the endosymbiotic theory e ffhl;05w+ da mi.n4yis true?
I.
It provides evidence for the origin of prokaryotes.
II.
It provides evidence for the origin of eukaryotes.
III.
It provides evidence for spontaneous generation.

  What provides evidence that all life on Earth evolveduea7 4 ddi)6jc from the same population of 7) 6 edcu4jidacells?

  These photographs show the same sef*fu 8ui i i8sgzr 80,-qvqqzhex)5,nction of a human retina. What is the reason for the dif,5q *s,q)uunzhz0-f i8 g8rfqi8xvieference between the two diagrams?

  Paramecium produces enzymes that catalyse different chemical reactions d 5jf8+vzl4tmtaking place in the cytopz4 m5+ t8fldvjlasm. What function of life is demonstrated in this situation?

  What do the two labelled org0kbtq5 1:jqjranelles have in common?

  Which organelle has a k1d34z-)rriz ;khon h 4ml w)edouble membrane?

  Which row in the table correctly identifies structures which are presentk65kypfm +/ 8w:,7 gxbwpsjno (✓) or absent (×) in prokaryotic and ,wp 7/8fkj by:xk5 w mnp6+gsoeukaryotic cells?

  Which structure found in a eukaryote has a double men ,6r*ch4cw)y0fx(ea byv g4 xmbrane?

  
Chlorella contains the molecule chlorophyll which makes it to appear green. What life function is exhibited in this example?

  Which of the following statements are true about thehp/qi 2b1e9ai structure of cells?
I. All cells contain cytoplasm enclosed by the plasma membrane.
II. The microscope was important in understanding the structure of the cell.
III. Prokaryotes do not have genetic material.

  Which of the following is not a function of the Golgi apparatus3sndbgj:q3s0 jrr: ou1l.z mjg 4o9/j?

  Which statement(s) abgkktg0q ph n*jr/v5,. out cell structure is/are not true?

I.
Prokaryotic cells have a compartmentalised structure.

II.
Only eukaryotic cells have a Golgi apparatus.

III.
Only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

  The image below is a micrographg/wha2uzh z/1hjh.1j tgw :p( of blood.


1.Identify the part of the cells labelled A and B.
arrow    points to the plasma membrane
arrow    points to the nucleus
2.Outline why blood is classified as a tissue.

3.State where the stem cells needed to produce red blood cells are located.it is      .

4.Progenitor cells are produced by dividing stem cells. These cells will eventually differentiate even further. Blood cells have a common progenitor cell. Describe the process that happens to these progenitor cells.

  The micrograph below shows E. coli cn.4 zb9p ltv,oells.


1.Identify the structure labelled I in the micrograph.

2.If the magnification of the image is x36,000 and the length of cell II in the image is 54 mm, calculate the actual length of cell II in micrometres (µm).The number=  µm.

3.State one feature, other than the structure labelled I, that can be used to identify the cells in this micrograph as prokaryotic cells.

  Which structure is found in both eukaryotic ani; 1)auijy4bxzqxd/;d prokaryotic cells?

  Mesophyll cells are found in pla-5d-c bz v3mv,ab e+1b 4xme3mn-ko yrnts. Plant cells have unique characteristics that d,5b3vo m4 xr1e-mcv -3ne+za b-k dmbyistinguish them from any other cell type.

In the micrograph above, one of the cell parts is labelled X. What is the name of this structure?

  The micrograph showsa5y0b f/n2rum0dp:pvra*6 y h a transverse section through a leaf.



1.1.Identify an adaptation of this leaf for its function.

2.2.Identify the cell organelle that is found in particularly high numbers in the palisade mesophyll cells.
it is   .

This micrograph shows a transverse section through a pancreatic acinar cell. Acinar cells are found in the exocrine tissue of the pancreas.


2.1.Explain how the structure of this cell is related to the function of the synthesis of proteins for release from the cell.

2.2.State why an electron microscope is needed to view the ultrastructure of the acinar cells.

  Which row correctly describes the y 5.wq xmbxc xo.(m*6zDNA and chromosomes of bacterial cells?

  Cyanobacteria are prokaryotes that can perform photosynthesiiv2qa) fzr a.7*dvg zop (,w;es. Which structural feature is comm v7*fzeg azidr2,;).o(pa q vwon to both cyanobacteria and plant cells?

  Which statement provides evidence for the endosy :vvc+2iu.. -)feq o hrip.btik 2vi0ombiotic theory?

  Which part of the cell is labelled with the ley csqta, koj)bb v,(**tter P?

  What feature of chloroplasts provides e q hxuafk ky:38;c.p c s6)l1z-zdxr+svidence for the endosymbiotic theory?

  The micrograph shows an image of c ,y:mslyeh875r(x (3zsq aaq a plant cell taken with a light microscope.

1.Calculate the magnification of the image, showing your work.
Magnification=   x

2.Label, with the letter N, a nucleus in the image.

3.The image was taken using a light microscope. State how you deduce this from the image.

4.Draw and label a diagram to show how the same type of plant cell shown in the micrograph would appear when examined with an electron microscope.

5.State two differences that would be seen when looking at an electron micrograph of a bacterium cell compared to this plant cell.

6.At first, the student who took this image could not see the cell when focusing the microscope. Suggest what may have caused this problem.

  The electron micrograph below shows a cell of the bacteri ha8hc)sm52 :rcxdrzp*2ax m( um Vibrio cholerae. Which of the labelled structures maintains the cel:xhcapd*xzh2rm8 ac (5 mr2s )l’s shape and protects the cell from lysing during osmosis?

  Which process is most likely h1 nyyb rd2-s .p8qn+yresponsible for the origin of mitochondria as a eukaryotic cell on yn18qy.2h-sp d rb+yrganelle?

  Which organelle is the site of protein sh ,/lvx. hdft/ynthesis?

The diagram below shows akrxljy,7*7pc b e.va2 cyanobacterium, Synechococcus elongatus.

1.1.State whether the cell shown in the microphotograph is eukaryotic or prokaryotic. Give a reason for your answer.

1.2.State two features found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell structures.

1.3.Identify the type of microscope which was used to produce the microphotograph above. Give a reason for your answer.

1.4.Describe the function of X.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum.

  1.1.Identify an organelle visible in the figitdwh x/+: iwdxazv5/cms i e(*b)d 40ure below whose structure provides evidence for thdib4x (/) hiwwzedim xs/ av:t05d*c+e endosymbiotic theory.
organelle is   



1.2.Label with the letter S an example of the organelle that you named in part (i).

1.3.Describe three features of the organelle named in part (i) that support the endosymbiotic theory.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of a mitochondrion and typical prokaryote.

  Which statements about unicellular and multicellul+h-7y1gtc9vbvi usv xl( ennrx 3) 5*zar organisms are correct?

Below is a diagram of a moto5 rd1bffs0 1yi6/pg ozr neuron. Neurons are the longest cells in the human b/ d16 ysiz1f0fgbp ro5ody.



1.Explain the factors that limit cell size in humans.

2.Explain how life functions are performed by Paramecium.

  The following electron micrograph shows part ofz t l.8xprf,b;jn7e2bn;rw rc0kewq6d+ -ll+ an exocrine pancreas cell. Which of the labelled structures is responsible for the production of vesicles for ed f;q6cx.w b+br+-w zn l2ltp8rljr7e0n, ;kexocytosis?

All organisms contain genetic material. The type, quantity anh1a)df ( 9v4j+kiw irxd location of genetic material diffrv(4jhi fx1d+ka ) iw9er between kingdoms and species.

1.State if the cell shown in the image is a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell. Give a reason for your answer.



2.Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA.

3.Outline Cairns' technique for measuring the length of prokaryotic DNA.

  Which statements about chloroplasts and mitochondria support the endosymx w) xl8)qv,mhbiotic theo l )mh)xv8qx,wry?

1.Outline the steps in calculating the ,b 09na t5fgfxmagnification of a micrograph.

2.Describe the steps taken to focus on a specimen using the 40x objective lens of a light microscope.

  The diagram below shows a cel5j8o+/ :f cyy qmtzv+4*u map4oyr*n vl.


1.1.Deduce with a reason, what type of cell this is.

1.2.Calculate the magnification of the cell.The magnification of the cell=   x.

1.3.Outline two functions of life carried out by the cell in the diagram.

2.1.State the type of microscope used to produce the image.

2.2.Explain your choice of microscope for part (i).

  Palisade mesophyll cellstl(wv9,4m+iq9 n.h r gj1iddexhqe 5 4 produce and release large amounts of carbohydrates. Which characteristics qh qgjevl 4dt r(9+5x hi1 d,im4e.9wnwould you expect to observe in such cells?

The diagram below shows a ceg: k0aip55gi ;ueh:zc ll.

1.1.Compare and contrast the structure of a mictochondrion with the structure of the cell shown in the diagram.

1.2.Explain why the cell in the diagram is structurally similar to a mitochondrion.

  Which statement applies to both mitochd m1j7 pi*(b2x:aqr:xplsqy4ondria and prokaryotes?

  What is the correct magn4a:j lb/0gso sification of this image?

  Which characteristic is not* wyhxnfh:p5wm7(5f c true for both mitochondria and chloroplasts?

  The electron micrograph shows a prokaryotic cell, Cyclotella li46eta+fqq w0b toralis. What is the actual diameter of the cell in thif+64q ae0 qbtws image?

  The electron micrographe-ca0 6f7xm4m 7f buxbw5h8 kx/uui+v shows an animal cell.

  The electron micrograph s,*eipr/) )yr)sbm 3yjrbb2i khows a sarcomere, the smallest functional unit of striated /s 3)krbr*2mebrb ,)) yjp iiymuscle tissue. What is the actual length between the two Z lines?

  Which organelle is formed by xfn7bwxd *vd g16x0)s 7jpbl7a vesicle derived from the cell membrane?

  Which organism contains DNA in exactly two different orgagqw8u5)ic-p4sxhrt a;yg dn 0 g3gw7;nelles?

1.Outline one way uni x+4il ddx;ei4cellular organisms can carry out each of nutrition, movement and excretiide;x44ix l +don.

2.Draw a single mitochondrion, and annotate it to outline the role of four labelled structures.

3.Compare and contrast the structure of E. coli and a palisade mesophyll cell.

  What feature distinguis(, xwhoe,3mvq9zwfw 7 hes fungal hyphae and striated muscle from the two cell types shown infw,ozhw( 3,mex q79v w the images?