Which statement about eukaryotic cells is codjcjqtn t-7xdq j ;)/*rrect?

  Which are common features tbm2:mehf0nm0*. 0pg5ix,/ zcegx pw of bacterial cells?
I.
Have a single chromosome
II.
Have plasmids
III.
DNA associated with proteins

  What type of cell is sarktni a170 )vhown in the image?

  Which statement(s) about the nzv6 hy()ex.*4+fuvjaq q4 z yendosymbiotic theory is true?
I.
It provides evidence for the origin of prokaryotes.
II.
It provides evidence for the origin of eukaryotes.
III.
It provides evidence for spontaneous generation.

  What provides evidence that all life on Earth evadrk ct pbne 2;0)h.z(olved from the same population of celleh0.d(2)n;b tkzarp cs?

  These photographs shot)w o ntdae sl1e(506h om:.wp /;euppw the same section of a human retina. What is the reason for the differenco5tp/e :eaw(;psw. mdo1plhn) 0 et6ue between the two diagrams?

  Paramecium produces enzymes that catalyse different cz 2lji-mmktor-fc ;gr6,t: .whemical reactions taking place in the cytop,-m2clkg :;.o if-rjwzt m rt6lasm. What function of life is demonstrated in this situation?

  What do the two labelled organelles have i-z;m* xosr -ejn common?

  Which organelle has a doubn qftnxg6 voj+q d4b2)(x7,qnle membrane?

  Which row in the table correctly identifies +20l.9kjd grtv y;wdma2 rn.gstructures which are present (✓) or absent (×) in prokaryoti w.g2rt;kmjdv 0n2r.+ yadlg 9c and eukaryotic cells?

  Which structure found in a euk no .v4sob*)z5zysob:aryote has a double membrane?

  
Chlorella contains the molecule chlorophyll which makes it to appear green. What life function is exhibited in this example?

  Which of the following statements af6 lwwx( f )b5f..izbpre true about the structure of cells?
I. All cells contain cytoplasm enclosed by the plasma membrane.
II. The microscope was important in understanding the structure of the cell.
III. Prokaryotes do not have genetic material.

  Which of the following isliqs c,*2jt vla;g:*8k cixj3 not a function of the Golgi apparatus?

  Which statement(s) about cell ng ;ktdt3 bl6oj.fs8 5structure is/are not true?

I.
Prokaryotic cells have a compartmentalised structure.

II.
Only eukaryotic cells have a Golgi apparatus.

III.
Only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

  The image below is a mqwb9 +idcvy8) bjzkgyk1z 4 /1icrograph of blood.


1.Identify the part of the cells labelled A and B.
arrow    points to the plasma membrane
arrow    points to the nucleus
2.Outline why blood is classified as a tissue.

3.State where the stem cells needed to produce red blood cells are located.it is      .

4.Progenitor cells are produced by dividing stem cells. These cells will eventually differentiate even further. Blood cells have a common progenitor cell. Describe the process that happens to these progenitor cells.

  The micrograph below szz)(lh1 u:iqns/h9 j7kthfeuq 8 7b+dhows E. coli cells.


1.Identify the structure labelled I in the micrograph.

2.If the magnification of the image is x36,000 and the length of cell II in the image is 54 mm, calculate the actual length of cell II in micrometres (µm).The number=  µm.

3.State one feature, other than the structure labelled I, that can be used to identify the cells in this micrograph as prokaryotic cells.

  Which structure is found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cenvap n/ :at)rz;8cw*ylls?

  Mesophyll cells are found in pla h2u5ct2 jceq ,-g.gydnts. Plant cells have unique characteristics that distinguish them from any other cell gcy 5uj c,2-2htgd.qe type.

In the micrograph above, one of the cell parts is labelled X. What is the name of this structure?

  The micrograph shows a transverse/ jz94w0jllt:.enjq9 zu:0p) lq b pou section through a leaf.



1.1.Identify an adaptation of this leaf for its function.

2.2.Identify the cell organelle that is found in particularly high numbers in the palisade mesophyll cells.
it is   .

This micrograph shows a transverse section through a pancreatic acinar cell. Acinar cells are found in the exocrine tissue of the pancreas.


2.1.Explain how the structure of this cell is related to the function of the synthesis of proteins for release from the cell.

2.2.State why an electron microscope is needed to view the ultrastructure of the acinar cells.

  Which row correctly describes the DNA and chromosomes of bacterial cells?7(u sj:wai2 bn.9ufiw

  Cyanobacteria are prokaryotes that can p j36xpav) v/ nvr;dvf;erform photosynthesis. Which structural feature is common to both cfp)v d3xa;vnvr j v;6/yanobacteria and plant cells?

  Which statement provides evidence for the endosz5j )xpu6vt)bb *m8dx v3 p)jeymbiotic theory?

  Which part of the cell i 2b /2i;dnkfgnt8o/smm6 5xvk s labelled with the letter P?

  What feature of chloroplasts provides evidence for the endos r*dnk,lf1h 7rezko5+6rq 6b 8mz- cibymbiotic theory?

  The micrograph shows an image of a plant cela xo 2( ,dtt8 .yemtmi;*7cfiho. t* a7q3nltfl taken with a light microscope.

1.Calculate the magnification of the image, showing your work.
Magnification=   x

2.Label, with the letter N, a nucleus in the image.

3.The image was taken using a light microscope. State how you deduce this from the image.

4.Draw and label a diagram to show how the same type of plant cell shown in the micrograph would appear when examined with an electron microscope.

5.State two differences that would be seen when looking at an electron micrograph of a bacterium cell compared to this plant cell.

6.At first, the student who took this image could not see the cell when focusing the microscope. Suggest what may have caused this problem.

  The electron micrograph below shows a celopu /d661fha vg962 v)kvas tq(g jup/l of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Which of the labelled structures maintains the cell’s shape and protects the cell from lysing durv ajpa96/ t ov6dku v6q(ug1) sghp/2fing osmosis?

  Which process is most likely responsible for thecy1mijbym o/b7 0x74l origin of mitochondria as a eukaryotic cell 1 /lj xmyb0ocybmi 477organelle?

  Which organelle is the ,rx/qeb: ue 2jsite of protein synthesis?

The diagram below shows a cyanobacteriumw xf4ad7h l00y, Synechococcus elongatus.

1.1.State whether the cell shown in the microphotograph is eukaryotic or prokaryotic. Give a reason for your answer.

1.2.State two features found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell structures.

1.3.Identify the type of microscope which was used to produce the microphotograph above. Give a reason for your answer.

1.4.Describe the function of X.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum.

  1.1.Identify an organelle visible in the figure below whose structu +pt1i4k01mwvunp5bd .6 vir jwpkr; 7re provides evidei mvu5t1. w4n 1vd7rp6w;0 i+jrkpkb pnce for the endosymbiotic theory.
organelle is   



1.2.Label with the letter S an example of the organelle that you named in part (i).

1.3.Describe three features of the organelle named in part (i) that support the endosymbiotic theory.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of a mitochondrion and typical prokaryote.

  Which statements about unicellular and multicellular organisms ar:4j *n vydn;yfca82oae correct?

Below is a diagram of a motor neuron. Neurons a m vz8: (hy) (xb -m7e-qmnx/tqiv:bgjre the longest cells in the human body. q m hzy(87gvxe(v/n-mbqx:tm j-i: b)



1.Explain the factors that limit cell size in humans.

2.Explain how life functions are performed by Paramecium.

  The following electron micrograph shows part of x8w 48 g8brfgtaf+3m tleii-, s5(:2yo ofjxoan exocrine pancreas cell. Which of the labelled structures is responsible for the produc, yafo+fel:b jo8r gis-3wg2tifxxt4 5om(88tion of vesicles for exocytosis?

All organisms contain genetic material. The type, quantity an8i h)iq+b 3qd d/ptym4 as2is9d location of genetic materiali8sp dqisimt/4 d2) qy+a9b3h differ between kingdoms and species.

1.State if the cell shown in the image is a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell. Give a reason for your answer.



2.Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA.

3.Outline Cairns' technique for measuring the length of prokaryotic DNA.

  Which statements about chloroplq3cx18)d(flfbbc 6x iasts and mitochondria support the endosymbiotic theory?xqb3i f6 8dblc1c(xf)

1.Outline the steps in calcui s10zc9s;z9x ozo8 gqy,7fdx lating the magnification of a micrograph.

2.Describe the steps taken to focus on a specimen using the 40x objective lens of a light microscope.

  The diagram below shows w,3o p*qksk b3.b q) t)ivgcn-a cell.


1.1.Deduce with a reason, what type of cell this is.

1.2.Calculate the magnification of the cell.The magnification of the cell=   x.

1.3.Outline two functions of life carried out by the cell in the diagram.

2.1.State the type of microscope used to produce the image.

2.2.Explain your choice of microscope for part (i).

  Palisade mesophyll cells produce and releai)c2.*7obuq e)lv zjose large amounts of carbohydrates. Which characteristics would you expecjeco2luz o7v)q).i b *t to observe in such cells?

The diagram below shows a ce2 ht(f-djwv 5wll.

1.1.Compare and contrast the structure of a mictochondrion with the structure of the cell shown in the diagram.

1.2.Explain why the cell in the diagram is structurally similar to a mitochondrion.

  Which statement applithwm yu 0yynd)-i 7i11es to both mitochondria and prokaryotes?

  What is the correct magnification o6f pr- h 54b9i7qrczzif this image?

  Which characteristic is not true for both mitoj2;;sqj lh o-0ju1llychondria and chloroplasts?

  The electron micrograph shows a prokaryotic cell, Cyclotella litoralis. What is1ix yid hpj.y-::y6 at the actual diameter of the cell in ti-:tj pi:1yy.xdhay6 his image?

  The electron micrograph shows an animal cell.o;aj 3yx(jz +x

  The electron micrograph shows a sarcomere, the smallest functional unit x);gzjp31smyjdfm3 + (ikn 3hof striated muscl3s ym3gzfxn ik1j(3m)p;hj+de tissue. What is the actual length between the two Z lines?

  Which organelle is formed by a vesicle derived from the cez cgkxv;tdj-dw-0 u4vr/6(ydll membrane?

  Which organism contains DNA in exactly two7,iqj4e* k ir e/;mlld7at*xz different organelles?

1.Outline one way unicellular organisms crx / 91xyxxe-2hva) xdan carry out each of nutrition, movement and excret x /)2dxa1ehry 9x-vxxion.

2.Draw a single mitochondrion, and annotate it to outline the role of four labelled structures.

3.Compare and contrast the structure of E. coli and a palisade mesophyll cell.

  What feature distinguishes fungal hyphae and striated muscle from the two* vfa lq24k pmjsv8*w9psup:3 cell types shown in the ipvs3p p 2ua9s*m4*wvq:fj 8k lmages?