Which statement aboua1sa f;yssv .:t eukaryotic cells is correct?

  Which are common fead29s ha(v m5p8i7, 2s yiegfxttures of bacterial cells?
I.
Have a single chromosome
II.
Have plasmids
III.
DNA associated with proteins

  What type of cell is shown in the image ohuwo9 d21; jk8qn(wb?

  Which statement(s) a5ckeq* v / y,fec5ti3vbout the endosymbiotic theory is true?
I.
It provides evidence for the origin of prokaryotes.
II.
It provides evidence for the origin of eukaryotes.
III.
It provides evidence for spontaneous generation.

  What provides evidence that all life on Earth evolved from the sa*lv)q )q 1api3cspg1eme population of csqalcep)3*1iq) p1v gells?

  These photographs show the same section otfg5chz(; a.k f a human retina. What is the reason for the difference bek5z (act;hg f.tween the two diagrams?

  Paramecium produces enzymes that cata t)hctdu 2qhg/o1 8n5hlyse different chemical reactions taking place in the cytoplasm. What function of life is demonstrated in this sithghuq o5nh 1 t2dtc/8)uation?

  What do the two labelleu cmwaus rf t4umhe78o9x k+f;3h7*5dd organelles have in common?

  Which organelle has a double m,2sy2 wfg tr.s3bl 9cpembrane?

  Which row in the table correctly identifies structurd*jo vngf axzin) x:3wt )/*0kes which are present (✓) or absent (×) in prokaryotic and eukaryotic)w:k x vd o0 jtfg)3nz*a/xn*i cells?

  Which structure found in a eukaryote has a doubleqe36.ok h-.4pgpb jlz membrane?

  
Chlorella contains the molecule chlorophyll which makes it to appear green. What life function is exhibited in this example?

  Which of the following st91 gu h3i/sl n)4de jil(wt2gmatements are true about the structure of cells?
I. All cells contain cytoplasm enclosed by the plasma membrane.
II. The microscope was important in understanding the structure of the cell.
III. Prokaryotes do not have genetic material.

  Which of the following is nootx/:lvpd ;f*wcxjw t 4+ns19 t a function of the Golgi apparatus?

  Which statement(s) about cell structure is/are not tru3xjguh)/ lbv 2a r++c(uwgwn)e?

I.
Prokaryotic cells have a compartmentalised structure.

II.
Only eukaryotic cells have a Golgi apparatus.

III.
Only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

  The image below is a micrograph of blood.hfkz xu51dhrog :*;9n


1.Identify the part of the cells labelled A and B.
arrow    points to the plasma membrane
arrow    points to the nucleus
2.Outline why blood is classified as a tissue.

3.State where the stem cells needed to produce red blood cells are located.it is      .

4.Progenitor cells are produced by dividing stem cells. These cells will eventually differentiate even further. Blood cells have a common progenitor cell. Describe the process that happens to these progenitor cells.

  The micrograph below shows E. coli cells wy+eecy6 ,4 x-al4fhs.


1.Identify the structure labelled I in the micrograph.

2.If the magnification of the image is x36,000 and the length of cell II in the image is 54 mm, calculate the actual length of cell II in micrometres (µm).The number=  µm.

3.State one feature, other than the structure labelled I, that can be used to identify the cells in this micrograph as prokaryotic cells.

  Which structure is found in both e7 ,xardsqc i lu+l3*8gukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

  Mesophyll cells are found in plants. Plant cells have un,5z:wkv1t fmmyz9 4 ix s-wrr.ique characteristics tham w:,9wzv k1fy4s -.xritr5mz t distinguish them from any other cell type.

In the micrograph above, one of the cell parts is labelled X. What is the name of this structure?

  The micrograph shows a transverse bz 9rl5r5ggx2zybm9)tkv4 *d section through a leaf.



1.1.Identify an adaptation of this leaf for its function.

2.2.Identify the cell organelle that is found in particularly high numbers in the palisade mesophyll cells.
it is   .

This micrograph shows a transverse section through a pancreatic acinar cell. Acinar cells are found in the exocrine tissue of the pancreas.


2.1.Explain how the structure of this cell is related to the function of the synthesis of proteins for release from the cell.

2.2.State why an electron microscope is needed to view the ultrastructure of the acinar cells.

  Which row correctly describes the DNA a8+g7p *yvondni1kxsa l+6lqdagvdh6j -+d, +nd chromosomes of bacterial cells?

  Cyanobacteria are prokaryotes that can perform photosynthesis. Which s(ykz sxay0a9 m+u. iu(tructural feature is common to both cy.iy u0kz(a9( usax+y manobacteria and plant cells?

  Which statement provides 7za9p3.m zhgnevidence for the endosymbiotic theory?

  Which part of the cell is labelled with the leta7ng .e v+g3egter P?

  What feature of chloroplasts provides evidence for the end mlud191ve4t mb:w v8rosymbiotic theory?

  The micrograph shows a:55w zwi/ 9j4we0pfalripcb- n image of a plant cell taken with a light microscope.

1.Calculate the magnification of the image, showing your work.
Magnification=   x

2.Label, with the letter N, a nucleus in the image.

3.The image was taken using a light microscope. State how you deduce this from the image.

4.Draw and label a diagram to show how the same type of plant cell shown in the micrograph would appear when examined with an electron microscope.

5.State two differences that would be seen when looking at an electron micrograph of a bacterium cell compared to this plant cell.

6.At first, the student who took this image could not see the cell when focusing the microscope. Suggest what may have caused this problem.

  The electron micrograph below shows ab t hx uq.l56j,z+or*d cell of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Which of the labelled structures maintains the cell’s shape and protectx6* bd htqr u.,o5jl+zs the cell from lysing during osmosis?

  Which process is most likely responsible for the o +tv3bn-cohj8 rigin of mitochondria as a eukaryotic cell ot jbh+cn8o 3-vrganelle?

  Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis? mp (5gy-u4kxd

The diagram below shows a cyanobacterium, Synechococcu02;h*vk(.l oar0h7vraxv k kis elongatus.

1.1.State whether the cell shown in the microphotograph is eukaryotic or prokaryotic. Give a reason for your answer.

1.2.State two features found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell structures.

1.3.Identify the type of microscope which was used to produce the microphotograph above. Give a reason for your answer.

1.4.Describe the function of X.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum.

  1.1.Identify an organeldf s*hp4-qumg3 b)ki+le visible in the figure below whose structure provides evidence for the end-b+ )m*4sqfhi pkg3udosymbiotic theory.
organelle is   



1.2.Label with the letter S an example of the organelle that you named in part (i).

1.3.Describe three features of the organelle named in part (i) that support the endosymbiotic theory.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of a mitochondrion and typical prokaryote.

  Which statements about unicellular and multicellular organisms are co(wft i0x-(in orrect?

Below is a diagram of a motor neuron. Neurons are the longest celadin pc27+m qst4/m 1qls in the human bod/mdmcsq p1i2 7 taq4n+y.



1.Explain the factors that limit cell size in humans.

2.Explain how life functions are performed by Paramecium.

  The following electron micrograph shows part of an exocrine pal lx/mi7pa;yc 4kx1b) ncreas cell. Which of the labelled structures is responsible for the production of vesicles for ex7c 1pxx /l4ikal)bmy;ocytosis?

All organisms contain genetic material. The type, quanti2z, n h)xy3e+kayn7 x6 kuarx,ty and location of genetic material differ between kingd7ehx ,2,zx x3kya n nky)ur6a+oms and species.

1.State if the cell shown in the image is a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell. Give a reason for your answer.



2.Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA.

3.Outline Cairns' technique for measuring the length of prokaryotic DNA.

  Which statements about chloropla ;h*o/o8ls7 wdi):hfdga4fe ists and mitochondria support the endosymbiotic theo)d;f hiwola /d*8: 4gho7fsiery?

1.Outline the steps in calculating the4h )ft(az( unh:oqnyup/)l 1;m6zi qd magnification of a micrograph.

2.Describe the steps taken to focus on a specimen using the 40x objective lens of a light microscope.

  The diagram below shows a cell. 20zhu8 rq rc7j


1.1.Deduce with a reason, what type of cell this is.

1.2.Calculate the magnification of the cell.The magnification of the cell=   x.

1.3.Outline two functions of life carried out by the cell in the diagram.

2.1.State the type of microscope used to produce the image.

2.2.Explain your choice of microscope for part (i).

  Palisade mesophyll cells produce and rl6nv/wn /)ufzy1nd/w elease large amounts of carbohydrates. Which characteristics wou)/vyw/ fn6/d 1n nwluzld you expect to observe in such cells?

The diagram below shows a celjvb ejt*.7zyrp9,j 6 zi m.t8ul.

1.1.Compare and contrast the structure of a mictochondrion with the structure of the cell shown in the diagram.

1.2.Explain why the cell in the diagram is structurally similar to a mitochondrion.

  Which statement applies to g*t 0l.yy p onh87o:zcboth mitochondria and prokaryotes?

  What is the correct magnification of this i ) s,o2yvz m.5l:qy8h*fq 0auuff to+amage?

  Which characteristic is not true for both mitochonpl.e mze-7zcca5 (gbz-:ba:sw0*yp9bp u5 ne dria and chloroplasts?

  The electron micrograph shows a prokaryotic ce:e*j 2fh /gmptll, Cyclotella litoralis. What is the actual diameter of the cell in this imagefpmh*tg :2 j/e?

  The electron micrograph sho3wbm49 dfxb) aqngt8.tpg):bws an animal cell.

  The electron micrograph shows a sarcomerun.y8z h a,u7me, the smallest functional unit of striated muscle tissuez7a8 yuhnu. m,. What is the actual length between the two Z lines?

  Which organelle is formed by a vesicle derived from the celre2+gcb q he9r;/t(f jl membrane?

  Which organism contains ((oje*: x x p; ysyo:hb1okri)DNA in exactly two different organelles?

1.Outline one way unicellular organisms can carry out each of nutritiovtm8o6, re3y 2dqp) ean, movement and excretion.,v ey)e8d26o pt3mqar

2.Draw a single mitochondrion, and annotate it to outline the role of four labelled structures.

3.Compare and contrast the structure of E. coli and a palisade mesophyll cell.

  What feature distinguisheshkkwm : n:8a7i fungal hyphae and striated muscle from the two cell types shown in t n7h8m i:wka:khe images?