Which statement about euk;7/hq eq.m nqetri-s 2aryotic cells is correct?

  Which are common features of bacterial b ( kh)eur 5p+kbdia8te5n::v cells?
I.
Have a single chromosome
II.
Have plasmids
III.
DNA associated with proteins

  What type of cell is shown in thzoa- (l-ihi 1os;ro4ee image?

  Which statement(s) about the endosymbiotl +64h v h:utxy8iz ;7f4onjjjic theory is true?
I.
It provides evidence for the origin of prokaryotes.
II.
It provides evidence for the origin of eukaryotes.
III.
It provides evidence for spontaneous generation.

  What provides evidence that all life on Earth evolved from the same popf 6vka/k v89ni /bh5yfulation of cen bv9ik 6/fkah/fv58ylls?

  These photographs show the same section of a human retina. What is the r;p9wnzm06g / gb(qyfb eason for the difference between the two diaw/n gq(0; 9gbzf b6mpygrams?

  Paramecium produces enzymes that catalyse different chemical rea1z px: 6n(3y ptvj8hyrctions taking place in the cytoplasm. What function of life is demonsnvpx8r 1y(z3pj ht :6ytrated in this situation?

  What do the two labelledj)4 fdk ;t0fv d8hxgge8gs, 2z organelles have in common?

  Which organelle has a doubl6vx y cr;gk)3yh5qu d.e membrane?

  Which row in the table correctly identifies structures whijj d6p h-i kv3s)0o+dq5-cgxbot 7p:mch are present (✓) or absent (×) in prood b3op5dms +i)j xpkt jh7c0:--v 6qgkaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

  Which structure found in aqwf jd aecr4k4p :)o() eukaryote has a double membrane?

  
Chlorella contains the molecule chlorophyll which makes it to appear green. What life function is exhibited in this example?

  Which of the following statements are true about the jq(azc t6;afkqk . b7qa9wa::7z fccotw32a+ structure of cells?
I. All cells contain cytoplasm enclosed by the plasma membrane.
II. The microscope was important in understanding the structure of the cell.
III. Prokaryotes do not have genetic material.

  Which of the following is not a function of th) y2q1efc:n qje Golgi apparatus?

  Which statement(s) about cell structure is/are not53 g 9d n:ld*9oahzxtc true?

I.
Prokaryotic cells have a compartmentalised structure.

II.
Only eukaryotic cells have a Golgi apparatus.

III.
Only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

  The image below is a microgr912l,8p 7fgp kxyea fxaph of blood.


1.Identify the part of the cells labelled A and B.
arrow    points to the plasma membrane
arrow    points to the nucleus
2.Outline why blood is classified as a tissue.

3.State where the stem cells needed to produce red blood cells are located.it is      .

4.Progenitor cells are produced by dividing stem cells. These cells will eventually differentiate even further. Blood cells have a common progenitor cell. Describe the process that happens to these progenitor cells.

  The micrograph below sho- w3:pk).7h1); :dzobpzpia jc ilpb rws E. coli cells.


1.Identify the structure labelled I in the micrograph.

2.If the magnification of the image is x36,000 and the length of cell II in the image is 54 mm, calculate the actual length of cell II in micrometres (µm).The number=  µm.

3.State one feature, other than the structure labelled I, that can be used to identify the cells in this micrograph as prokaryotic cells.

  Which structure is found in both eukaryoti+20ct8 g ai-yf yvcn+qc and prokaryotic cells?

  Mesophyll cells are found in plants. /ta6 hf 3mh/xa4atjl;Plant cells have unique characteristics that distinguish them from any mhaf6a/tt3h /aljx4;other cell type.

In the micrograph above, one of the cell parts is labelled X. What is the name of this structure?

  The micrograph shows a transverse section thue .i0s 7fno7bx4l2tq rough a leaf.



1.1.Identify an adaptation of this leaf for its function.

2.2.Identify the cell organelle that is found in particularly high numbers in the palisade mesophyll cells.
it is   .

This micrograph shows a transverse section through a pancreatic acinar cell. Acinar cells are found in the exocrine tissue of the pancreas.


2.1.Explain how the structure of this cell is related to the function of the synthesis of proteins for release from the cell.

2.2.State why an electron microscope is needed to view the ultrastructure of the acinar cells.

  Which row correctly describes the DNA and cw/w5f u z;x5ashromosomes of bacterial cells?

  Cyanobacteria are prokaryotes that can6k-m/v5fxp p2d9r h ll perform photosynthesis. Which structural feature is common to both pxvm kh /dp-2l59f rl6cyanobacteria and plant cells?

  Which statement provides eviden :vna etux04x4( izp;hce for the endosymbiotic theory?

  Which part of the cell is labelled with th7qd;vhz* qu)0i;ogjl e letter P?

  What feature of chloroplasts provides evidence for the end17fyfpl b i i69r(sy,losymbiotic theory?

  The micrograph shows an image of a gr3dma.qh+u/kl:: nsxac-:c plant cell taken with a light microscope.

1.Calculate the magnification of the image, showing your work.
Magnification=   x

2.Label, with the letter N, a nucleus in the image.

3.The image was taken using a light microscope. State how you deduce this from the image.

4.Draw and label a diagram to show how the same type of plant cell shown in the micrograph would appear when examined with an electron microscope.

5.State two differences that would be seen when looking at an electron micrograph of a bacterium cell compared to this plant cell.

6.At first, the student who took this image could not see the cell when focusing the microscope. Suggest what may have caused this problem.

  The electron micrograph below shows a cell of the bacterium Vyc0z treag tb;,by/))j/jq t6ibrio cholerae. Which of the labelled structub tza)b)jc6gy jy,q/t0;er t/res maintains the cell’s shape and protects the cell from lysing during osmosis?

  Which process is most likely responsib(. 3ljqflg1q36 lif bvle for the origin of mitochondria as a eukaryotic cell organebj f61l(3 vlfliq gq3.lle?

  Which organelle is the simfti: 08-i kdite of protein synthesis?

The diagram below shows a cyanobactihz4 ydd54du ky8uw u 268jc6cerium, Synechococcus elongatus.

1.1.State whether the cell shown in the microphotograph is eukaryotic or prokaryotic. Give a reason for your answer.

1.2.State two features found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell structures.

1.3.Identify the type of microscope which was used to produce the microphotograph above. Give a reason for your answer.

1.4.Describe the function of X.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum.

  1.1.Identify an organelle visible in the figure below whosebbqa cxnp+g62 2o ;,bpx 4fs:ilcqg-myw 52 v) structure provides evidence fo p2-p;5xqcb,yfwv sgm 242b ain xc6qob:l+)g r the endosymbiotic theory.
organelle is   



1.2.Label with the letter S an example of the organelle that you named in part (i).

1.3.Describe three features of the organelle named in part (i) that support the endosymbiotic theory.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of a mitochondrion and typical prokaryote.

  Which statements about unicellular giy 5(-teicfx+/1 mwoand multicellular organisms are correct?

Below is a diagram of a motor neuron. Neurons are the longest cells d;m*x9dv fpq (in the human bodm;p9qfd(dv*x y.



1.Explain the factors that limit cell size in humans.

2.Explain how life functions are performed by Paramecium.

  The following electron micrograp j p:/dpgxrr. zr2g:u1h shows part of an exocrine pancreas cell. Which of p ux./rr1j:rdgg:2pzthe labelled structures is responsible for the production of vesicles for exocytosis?

All organisms contain genetic material. The type, quantity andx*mi hj6)y+w(oi 8a8 q2p:b x8oqq apu location of genetic mat(*i8po q hx:oqu8xm)6qy pj8baa+2 iwerial differ between kingdoms and species.

1.State if the cell shown in the image is a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell. Give a reason for your answer.



2.Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA.

3.Outline Cairns' technique for measuring the length of prokaryotic DNA.

  Which statements about chloroplasts vp,l-g5nxo50)n;viv ulh- cy impy) ; and mitochondria support the endosymbiotic theo5 yhcvivl ,)p5-n-o;v 0gxmuy;npl )iry?

1.Outline the steps in calculatir+4zep /a: vl0orfuj76 b /vzong the magnification of a micrograph.

2.Describe the steps taken to focus on a specimen using the 40x objective lens of a light microscope.

  The diagram below shows + ihptu6;pl5x ffy1f-a cell.


1.1.Deduce with a reason, what type of cell this is.

1.2.Calculate the magnification of the cell.The magnification of the cell=   x.

1.3.Outline two functions of life carried out by the cell in the diagram.

2.1.State the type of microscope used to produce the image.

2.2.Explain your choice of microscope for part (i).

  Palisade mesophyll cells produce and release large amounts of car1 ()s ojo k/trd*g,qmsbohydrates. Which chara mtdr,j )oq s*/gko(s1cteristics would you expect to observe in such cells?

The diagram below shows a ceowaw s j-k 96 dgnye-7+o-s5lmll.

1.1.Compare and contrast the structure of a mictochondrion with the structure of the cell shown in the diagram.

1.2.Explain why the cell in the diagram is structurally similar to a mitochondrion.

  Which statement applies to both mitochondria and proka/e( 1 q ewv;i3swlmz+vzg ol38ryotes?

  What is the correct maq r-xsx-k ej7 + b4+ zn8g+7zkk;eayzggnification of this image?

  Which characteristic is not true pvs(s .o(wpl 3l4o 9l eh-stqil/w3-yfor both mitochondria and chloroplasts?

  The electron micrograph shows3 ll1s ,s-zldowxpw( 4y cu,4x a prokaryotic cell, Cyclotella litoralis. What is the actual diameter of the ceo( z xdlus4p-wwsx,l1,l y43 cll in this image?

  The electron microgrgddn- g. wr7;t-qgr+yghv eosu g6(+6aph shows an animal cell.

  The electron micrograph shows a sarcomere, the smal2a)-urpqa x,wbjzl c* iqbmnu28/g+7lest functional unit of striatiancb*u2m 2g)z/p+7l ubj a- ,8xwq qred muscle tissue. What is the actual length between the two Z lines?

  Which organelle is formed by a vesicla)pk7 zlzg2.u e derived from the cell membrane?

  Which organism contains DNA in exa0vy -o sngic)*atw-9nt,q+fsctly two different organelles?

1.Outline one way unicellular organisms can carry out eachjagm+- -,tqk mc.cw (y of nutrition, movement and excretion.+ym( t qmwc-, j-ca.kg

2.Draw a single mitochondrion, and annotate it to outline the role of four labelled structures.

3.Compare and contrast the structure of E. coli and a palisade mesophyll cell.

  What feature distinguishes fungal hyphae and striated l2bdn eyl e*3b oaw2.:muscle from the two cell types shown in t.: wbel2lydne *o23abhe images?