Which statement about eqjz-o*f* 1+vzdn2 fyjukaryotic cells is correct?

  Which are common features of bacterial yw d,cac3dnod9 556cp cells?
I.
Have a single chromosome
II.
Have plasmids
III.
DNA associated with proteins

  What type of cell is shown in therz;- w4k k k2qj-6axg y51itbz image?

  Which statement(s) about the endosymbiotic theory ist x7z ks1js.,alc;f i nat,2c* true?
I.
It provides evidence for the origin of prokaryotes.
II.
It provides evidence for the origin of eukaryotes.
III.
It provides evidence for spontaneous generation.

  What provides evidence that all life on Earth evolved fr3 bw.6 bzpk7bsom the same population of sz w76b.3kp bbcells?

  These photographs show the same section of a human susleyy ;njwh8t+5*3 9vl/ hwretina. What is the reason for the difference between the two diagramset3ny jy uslhl9h8v*/ 5ww;+ s?

  Paramecium produces enzymes t)p4,.t(hjampxy 6tjs hat catalyse different chemical reactions taking plaj)a.yx j6p,4mtph(st ce in the cytoplasm. What function of life is demonstrated in this situation?

  What do the two labelled organelles have in commone-1 0wzws , 5frgh7gfdbbm, j*?

  Which organelle has a -y sbphx/:;iidouble membrane?

  Which row in the table correctly identifies structures which are present (✓ (.lz g,x hlvjx:f:b zieh4i78) or absenz ix zbi.::h(gfvl4l8xhe ,7j t (×) in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

  Which structure found in a eukaryote has a douw qu. cg-7l)uvj vh2p8ble membrane?

  
Chlorella contains the molecule chlorophyll which makes it to appear green. What life function is exhibited in this example?

  Which of the following statements are true about the structure of cells?ty0 g r0ihq; -y:tk4o8vzfot 7
I. All cells contain cytoplasm enclosed by the plasma membrane.
II. The microscope was important in understanding the structure of the cell.
III. Prokaryotes do not have genetic material.

  Which of the following is o9pv 3)vab 1senot a function of the Golgi apparatus?

  Which statement(s) about cell structure is/ag 8h*k 1ceqklh9i bc8cky9( r:re not true?

I.
Prokaryotic cells have a compartmentalised structure.

II.
Only eukaryotic cells have a Golgi apparatus.

III.
Only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

  The image below is a micd*;frma xb.pmu1t -xu;y80w mrograph of blood.


1.Identify the part of the cells labelled A and B.
arrow    points to the plasma membrane
arrow    points to the nucleus
2.Outline why blood is classified as a tissue.

3.State where the stem cells needed to produce red blood cells are located.it is      .

4.Progenitor cells are produced by dividing stem cells. These cells will eventually differentiate even further. Blood cells have a common progenitor cell. Describe the process that happens to these progenitor cells.

  The micrograph below shows E.nwxg+ i5 w5gw9 coli cells.


1.Identify the structure labelled I in the micrograph.

2.If the magnification of the image is x36,000 and the length of cell II in the image is 54 mm, calculate the actual length of cell II in micrometres (µm).The number=  µm.

3.State one feature, other than the structure labelled I, that can be used to identify the cells in this micrograph as prokaryotic cells.

  Which structure is found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell82a)gv1/ bp em-lg qzvs?

  Mesophyll cells are found in plants. Plant9j)-jl m 3ib-dypeigk ,k 0g.r cells have unique characteristics that distinguish them from any othe)-kpibdgy,0 93 e ki.jm-lj grr cell type.

In the micrograph above, one of the cell parts is labelled X. What is the name of this structure?

  The micrograph shows a transverse section through a lqh(sk0u sfg7,3ws0t. fflfd 3eaf.



1.1.Identify an adaptation of this leaf for its function.

2.2.Identify the cell organelle that is found in particularly high numbers in the palisade mesophyll cells.
it is   .

This micrograph shows a transverse section through a pancreatic acinar cell. Acinar cells are found in the exocrine tissue of the pancreas.


2.1.Explain how the structure of this cell is related to the function of the synthesis of proteins for release from the cell.

2.2.State why an electron microscope is needed to view the ultrastructure of the acinar cells.

  Which row correctly describes the DNbx4kjwgqzq a03ijh 2 bw)d +59A and chromosomes of bacterial cells?

  Cyanobacteria are prokaryotes that can perform photosynthesis. Which stru)lwa5bnswz:b 2r( :yu ctural feature is common to bothbsb2w(na5luz:y: )r w cyanobacteria and plant cells?

  Which statement provides evidence for taya c fibn/ n2,b z)xraz44+5rhe endosymbiotic theory?

  Which part of the cell is labelled with the letftqg z x(rwbh8 k4:5e4ter P?

  What feature of chloroplasts providesdq0) jv;*) qgq7l ipf*xjv0ml evidence for the endosymbiotic theory?

  The micrograph shows an image of a plant cell taken wp*djx8z(8tj nith a light microscope.

1.Calculate the magnification of the image, showing your work.
Magnification=   x

2.Label, with the letter N, a nucleus in the image.

3.The image was taken using a light microscope. State how you deduce this from the image.

4.Draw and label a diagram to show how the same type of plant cell shown in the micrograph would appear when examined with an electron microscope.

5.State two differences that would be seen when looking at an electron micrograph of a bacterium cell compared to this plant cell.

6.At first, the student who took this image could not see the cell when focusing the microscope. Suggest what may have caused this problem.

  The electron micrographpmdwb j-+6m.*-mkyc d/x-w oi below shows a cell of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Which of the labelled structures maintains the cell’s shape and protects the cell fro odxkm /.6w*cwjb-- md- p+miym lysing during osmosis?

  Which process is most likely responsible for the m-o/m y 6ol/7l/bcc.otoi+yo origin of mitochondria as a eukaryotic l o6 /otlmmobyy+ o./-7icc/ocell organelle?

  Which organelle is the site of protein synthe admh,v2e 3zhij-j e8l69ll;rsis?

The diagram below shows a cyanobacterium, Synechococc3 oeey8 o kwh9;lkk(+wus elongatus.

1.1.State whether the cell shown in the microphotograph is eukaryotic or prokaryotic. Give a reason for your answer.

1.2.State two features found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell structures.

1.3.Identify the type of microscope which was used to produce the microphotograph above. Give a reason for your answer.

1.4.Describe the function of X.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum.

  1.1.Identify an organelle visible in the f3x)o zk ja.ju9c thha k 0zq4aud .ica731)u,kigure below whose structure provides evidence for ti.kuzkq z91u0a4jk) c3ho.7x htu3 jd ac a)a,he endosymbiotic theory.
organelle is   



1.2.Label with the letter S an example of the organelle that you named in part (i).

1.3.Describe three features of the organelle named in part (i) that support the endosymbiotic theory.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of a mitochondrion and typical prokaryote.

  Which statements about unicellular andnqvst8hp-q 19j* trvlipkl ,)xj6k3 * a6rud; multicellular organisms are correct?

Below is a diagram of a motor neuron. Neuronv ana/vgr +kjc1i,26 8 jyp.nes are the longest cells in the human bodvik81c jv/n +.jya2 ng,aepr6y.



1.Explain the factors that limit cell size in humans.

2.Explain how life functions are performed by Paramecium.

  The following electron micrograph4xr a7b (zt /ujust1hsw9tn)ra.e8g 7 shows part of an exocrine pancreas cell. Which of the labelled structurerns 4t(e8bjutg/h 77xwrs.91 )u a ztas is responsible for the production of vesicles for exocytosis?

All organisms contain ge-i ;+ bi*cfhah(9yxea netic material. The type, quantity and location of genetic material differ between kingdoms and species. a +bxch9h*fa-(y e;ii

1.State if the cell shown in the image is a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell. Give a reason for your answer.



2.Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA.

3.Outline Cairns' technique for measuring the length of prokaryotic DNA.

  Which statements about chloroplasts and mita k53w)oa(y9vndp+mtochondria support the endosymbiotic theory? kod 5n+)93w(tay pmva

1.Outline the steps in calculating the magnificyc vyf81xr: a0ation of a micrograph.

2.Describe the steps taken to focus on a specimen using the 40x objective lens of a light microscope.

  The diagram below shows a cel vdy 321bvd8imyq(.tk etg.2yl.


1.1.Deduce with a reason, what type of cell this is.

1.2.Calculate the magnification of the cell.The magnification of the cell=   x.

1.3.Outline two functions of life carried out by the cell in the diagram.

2.1.State the type of microscope used to produce the image.

2.2.Explain your choice of microscope for part (i).

  Palisade mesophyll cells productop 0rm i):p.u+gw *r*co+ rgge and release large amounts of carbohydrates. Whichgro.t**: )0+mruog irwp pc+g characteristics would you expect to observe in such cells?

The diagram below shows a cellu hj,;a,la-c-lat o.j.

1.1.Compare and contrast the structure of a mictochondrion with the structure of the cell shown in the diagram.

1.2.Explain why the cell in the diagram is structurally similar to a mitochondrion.

  Which statement applies to both mitochonl e zcl/: -g(bpfy7g9zdria and prokaryotes?

  What is the correct magnificati)ww)ns wawyx 2,s 2)gcmabo8 c+*2bovon of this image?

  Which characteristic i;*wkbi(pzc y8 s not true for both mitochondria and chloroplasts?

  The electron micrograph shows a prokaryotic cell, Cyclote10 7denpj+mn. o6hntplla litoralis. What is the actual diameter of thet+nmeo1. pd7p n06hjn cell in this image?

  The electron micrograph shows an animal cell. k.z*xd(ix q8 y

  The electron micrograph shows a sarcomere(mq eg1)g4zv2 i3jxmz8 kz xc4, the smallest functional unit of striated gik vqcm3z42 mg41 8) exxj(zzmuscle tissue. What is the actual length between the two Z lines?

  Which organelle is formed by a vesicle derived from the cell membr o+ygqziviy2f 5w0p. 6ane?

  Which organism contains DNA in exactl )hv*hpm0 usj:re a3t+y two different organelles?

1.Outline one way unicellular organisms can carry out each of nutrition, movb9m7 ob+7c33r (i kygumino)nement and e 73bo k+9gnouyi b(ncrm i3m7)xcretion.

2.Draw a single mitochondrion, and annotate it to outline the role of four labelled structures.

3.Compare and contrast the structure of E. coli and a palisade mesophyll cell.

  What feature distinguishes fungal hyphae lzim6dmf5 0.oand striated muscle from the two cell types shown in themd l6z.0foim5 images?