Which statement about eukaryotic cells is correct?6nmnv ;xu3z d rbz)j-5

  Which are common features of bactev oov7ik(g17ptbg(sw:nxxa+0h * va 5rial cells?
I.
Have a single chromosome
II.
Have plasmids
III.
DNA associated with proteins

  What type of cell is shown in thmkut2).ycz:-t kx n*he image?

  Which statement(s) about the endosymbiot /-: qu:d wsuaky2:stk/ o v*-nxdr7cm kvv.h0ic theory is true?
I.
It provides evidence for the origin of prokaryotes.
II.
It provides evidence for the origin of eukaryotes.
III.
It provides evidence for spontaneous generation.

  What provides evidencejg,fq8b 4 6 htmmn.kx6 that all life on Earth evolved from the same population of cm,q nmf46k6.bhx8gj t ells?

  These photographs show the same section of a human retina. What is q,a r vxaa/( sf+23scathe reason for the difference bet+c f2 3qrass/aa (av,xween the two diagrams?

  Paramecium produces enzymes that catalyse different chemical reactions taking c4php*oor66 v sy.tx;place in the cytoplasm. What fupoxsth.v6p *;o4 r y6cnction of life is demonstrated in this situation?

  What do the two labelled organelles have 2f9 ns +8mtwa6w7pg4 tee v m*u(f7seoin common?

  Which organelle has :3qnv;2 bk (1aigrn5ljff /x pa double membrane?

  Which row in the table correctly ide+-0wy fa 5 o-v8: 9uftovl nov-t)zqrjntifies structures which are present (✓) or absent (×9-0 on5 +tu8j)vqr-fvyz v:oolfaw-t) in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

  Which structure found in a eukaryote hfj8i 8qty *8daz;pf77)h0h,plq bco t as a double membrane?

  
Chlorella contains the molecule chlorophyll which makes it to appear green. What life function is exhibited in this example?

  Which of the following statemen e*:ekr+hhs 7zts are true about the structure of cells?
I. All cells contain cytoplasm enclosed by the plasma membrane.
II. The microscope was important in understanding the structure of the cell.
III. Prokaryotes do not have genetic material.

  Which of the following is noqvr7eh-tffbd ,lb81dl5w 3 r1t a function of the Golgi apparatus?

  Which statement(s) about cell structure is/arhi+b6sd uk.n5 n h4(bxe not true?

I.
Prokaryotic cells have a compartmentalised structure.

II.
Only eukaryotic cells have a Golgi apparatus.

III.
Only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

  The image below is a micrograph of bl1jv.u 5znw6mpa 4f:euood.


1.Identify the part of the cells labelled A and B.
arrow    points to the plasma membrane
arrow    points to the nucleus
2.Outline why blood is classified as a tissue.

3.State where the stem cells needed to produce red blood cells are located.it is      .

4.Progenitor cells are produced by dividing stem cells. These cells will eventually differentiate even further. Blood cells have a common progenitor cell. Describe the process that happens to these progenitor cells.

  The micrograph below shows E. coli cells.qw 0td l61sxg*


1.Identify the structure labelled I in the micrograph.

2.If the magnification of the image is x36,000 and the length of cell II in the image is 54 mm, calculate the actual length of cell II in micrometres (µm).The number=  µm.

3.State one feature, other than the structure labelled I, that can be used to identify the cells in this micrograph as prokaryotic cells.

  Which structure is found in both eukaryotic zch4 x r8t+l 5jaty gb-wn+c*6/u4 htnand prokaryotic cells?

  Mesophyll cells are fo)ma8 zmhde9b+qq a):f und in plants. Plant cells have unique characteristics that distinguish them z aqm+8b)e:daqh)9 mf from any other cell type.

In the micrograph above, one of the cell parts is labelled X. What is the name of this structure?

  The micrograph shows a transverse section through a leao m-.lf6- zt4jzl w9ed 9roko)f.



1.1.Identify an adaptation of this leaf for its function.

2.2.Identify the cell organelle that is found in particularly high numbers in the palisade mesophyll cells.
it is   .

This micrograph shows a transverse section through a pancreatic acinar cell. Acinar cells are found in the exocrine tissue of the pancreas.


2.1.Explain how the structure of this cell is related to the function of the synthesis of proteins for release from the cell.

2.2.State why an electron microscope is needed to view the ultrastructure of the acinar cells.

  Which row correctly describes th*p w(8ow xzl fe4sj6 e*co8ep(e DNA and chromosomes of bacterial cells?

  Cyanobacteria are prokgewy5ory eky tj3a9. 4t7j- 2zaryotes that can perform photosynthesis. Which structural feature is common to both cyanobactgyw2 ze7y53tt-y j.ra k49e joeria and plant cells?

  Which statement provides evidence for the endosymbiotic theory?2si8k9;t gv(s(t ko kkn zzn.5

  Which part of the cell)f6t at 1p;fdj7mhuo -f5fz1 i is labelled with the letter P?

  What feature of chloroplasts provides evidence for the endosymb+ y)6myqtv-z9:iasm6gv6 rz eiotic theory?

  The micrograph shows an image of a plant cell tak 78okj. fgwhl7en with a light microscope.

1.Calculate the magnification of the image, showing your work.
Magnification=   x

2.Label, with the letter N, a nucleus in the image.

3.The image was taken using a light microscope. State how you deduce this from the image.

4.Draw and label a diagram to show how the same type of plant cell shown in the micrograph would appear when examined with an electron microscope.

5.State two differences that would be seen when looking at an electron micrograph of a bacterium cell compared to this plant cell.

6.At first, the student who took this image could not see the cell when focusing the microscope. Suggest what may have caused this problem.

  The electron micrograph below shows a cell of t- o;izlyufsh1 br/) h6k j+e58nb/ jfehe bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Which of the labelled structures maintains the cell’s shape and protects the cell from lysing duringu/y)z ejjokfs;6fl+e/8- 1 nbb hi5hr osmosis?

  Which process is most likely 6zma 0a3ec.as5 r;byvresponsible for the origin of mitochondria as a eukaryotic cell orgz am3sraay.c5 e6;vb 0anelle?

  Which organelle is the site olzj;/.4p-v.c :ij qm1s ecaibshpp8 ;f protein synthesis?

The diagram below shows a cyanobac52avdos 2n h(m5tkz/ xterium, Synechococcus elongatus.

1.1.State whether the cell shown in the microphotograph is eukaryotic or prokaryotic. Give a reason for your answer.

1.2.State two features found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell structures.

1.3.Identify the type of microscope which was used to produce the microphotograph above. Give a reason for your answer.

1.4.Describe the function of X.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum.

  1.1.Identify an organelle visible in the figure below wh-:m7bvtv lul:n 1b6( hp8bwe1try 1iyose structure provides evidencb-lp l 8ttn11(7 burbie1wy:v :m6hvye for the endosymbiotic theory.
organelle is   



1.2.Label with the letter S an example of the organelle that you named in part (i).

1.3.Describe three features of the organelle named in part (i) that support the endosymbiotic theory.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of a mitochondrion and typical prokaryote.

  Which statements about unicellular andz)(*/h3h/ d *k isyq4xu bm0 2orptkpu multicellular organisms are correct?

Below is a diagram of a motor neuron. Neurons are the longesd8g w zubulalkot3;,oaoy41 (, xrp47t cells in the human bgrozta oyu(4 l34w, x7u;8d1a ,ob lpkody.



1.Explain the factors that limit cell size in humans.

2.Explain how life functions are performed by Paramecium.

  The following electron micrograph shows peg2jc mnkgwd,1g)-z : art of an exocrine pancreas cell. Which of the labelled structures is responsible for thec- m)kw2gdgzj1 ,ne:g production of vesicles for exocytosis?

All organisms contain genetic materiag2yzq r 2 jq;eh)(16bh-erptmrvqw-4l. The type, quantity and location of genetic material differ between kingdoms and species.ve 6yepgwr4 qm ;thr -q22 bjz)1(rqh-

1.State if the cell shown in the image is a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell. Give a reason for your answer.



2.Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA.

3.Outline Cairns' technique for measuring the length of prokaryotic DNA.

  Which statements about chloio(ecn)mp+ymu no8 7 :roplasts and mitochondria support the endosymbiotic t+ )nm:mioynu8c p o(e7heory?

1.Outline the steps in calculating the magnificationny,y uf q15y,ai,;d ap,1ifty of a micrograph.

2.Describe the steps taken to focus on a specimen using the 40x objective lens of a light microscope.

  The diagram below showsw6vpsk;mt1i30t *xw-)wz5uvjwep 9 t a cell.


1.1.Deduce with a reason, what type of cell this is.

1.2.Calculate the magnification of the cell.The magnification of the cell=   x.

1.3.Outline two functions of life carried out by the cell in the diagram.

2.1.State the type of microscope used to produce the image.

2.2.Explain your choice of microscope for part (i).

  Palisade mesophyll cells produce and release0 9 c qif4h+dm0*pwhum0kvqn4 large amounts of carbohydrates. Which characteristics0+0m9 q4umf *ihk0wpd n hvq4c would you expect to observe in such cells?

The diagram below shows a cml ynq+z+37onrtc )z;ell.

1.1.Compare and contrast the structure of a mictochondrion with the structure of the cell shown in the diagram.

1.2.Explain why the cell in the diagram is structurally similar to a mitochondrion.

  Which statement applies to both mitochondd1l -k hg)6i+qeh:xin ria and prokaryotes?

  What is the correct magnification of this image?gn/hwljy0tk 2kx2w -exp)* v8

  Which characteristic is not true for both mitochondria and chloroplasts?9j)a4.eymhx p

  The electron micrograph shows a p/y56s sgyaiu.3m h5mygqn:. p rokaryotic cell, Cyclotella litoralis. What is the actual diameter of the cell in this image? 6/.syy3yg5a:. ng u qs5mmhip

  The electron micrograph shows -l/wdsgak )wr 1,)dtncr2y k *an animal cell.

  The electron micrograph shows a sarcomere, the smallest functional unit of s9an.9w5/)j ucdc pv wgtriated muscle tissue. What is the actual length between thwujp. 9nwcg/d5cav 9)e two Z lines?

  Which organelle is formedlhqq7z u5k 8f6 by a vesicle derived from the cell membrane?

  Which organism contaijqv*kyf( 0k sa.ml4/83hrc ecns DNA in exactly two different organelles?

1.Outline one way unicellular organisms can carry o d/r u0f1 vokccwd..)deg 7j.aut each of nutrition, movement and excret0u cwkovef.) rd7 c .1aj/g.ddion.

2.Draw a single mitochondrion, and annotate it to outline the role of four labelled structures.

3.Compare and contrast the structure of E. coli and a palisade mesophyll cell.

  What feature distinguishes fungal hyphae and striated 8r8:y7- v9uopdb6x z m(grrgfmuscle from the two cell types gr-9b p duorxzm8fvg:87r( 6 yshown in the images?