Which statement about eukaryotic celo+x9(dyl8 kj dls is correct?

  Which are common features ot( /aybt, ukm(f bacterial cells?
I.
Have a single chromosome
II.
Have plasmids
III.
DNA associated with proteins

  What type of cell is shown in the image? j -kod,4u1 amy

  Which statement(s) about the endosymbiotic theory is tru3x;re9 i /bkmfe?
I.
It provides evidence for the origin of prokaryotes.
II.
It provides evidence for the origin of eukaryotes.
III.
It provides evidence for spontaneous generation.

  What provides evidence that all life on Earth evolved from the same population oj5 i7bp6b;uk.y ja yb+f cell pby57uybja;i+ .bk j6s?

  These photographs show the same section of a hum7 j,egwxq v4qeqj6o;7an retina. What is the reason for the difference between the two diagrams?g e,qwe677o;4jvx j qq

  Paramecium produces enzymes that catalyse different 6wxm 23-id8*dm nb.v wo/kjnw:x hx;e oer-:s chemical reactions taking place in the cy/vjs o8k* :dm:wdw; en2en-. xih - wo36bmxrxtoplasm. What function of life is demonstrated in this situation?

  What do the two labelled organel vp 6 40pbwai7xow+ cqogqma .0hwu+8:les have in common?

  Which organelle has a dat ium:zt m75umo1- mm u7/p4gouble membrane?

  Which row in the table v mhf3 zo, vk.7+1vjabcorrectly identifies structures which are present (✓) or abbjvm+v13oz h, fkav7 .sent (×) in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

  Which structure found in a eukaryote has a double membrae 9.r/-x b/cywlblwf;k x35fkf vqo :)ne?

  
Chlorella contains the molecule chlorophyll which makes it to appear green. What life function is exhibited in this example?

  Which of the following statq1l bzi18s) vu bi1h0cements are true about the structure of cells?
I. All cells contain cytoplasm enclosed by the plasma membrane.
II. The microscope was important in understanding the structure of the cell.
III. Prokaryotes do not have genetic material.

  Which of the following is not a function of the Golgi apparatus?zt9vh b4s k l.co2rr )4at3e8v

  Which statement(s) about cell structure is/are no7rci4t .cxn 1xn20dukt true?

I.
Prokaryotic cells have a compartmentalised structure.

II.
Only eukaryotic cells have a Golgi apparatus.

III.
Only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

  The image below is a7 )v uw;2oo0lwe ags3k micrograph of blood.


1.Identify the part of the cells labelled A and B.
arrow    points to the plasma membrane
arrow    points to the nucleus
2.Outline why blood is classified as a tissue.

3.State where the stem cells needed to produce red blood cells are located.it is      .

4.Progenitor cells are produced by dividing stem cells. These cells will eventually differentiate even further. Blood cells have a common progenitor cell. Describe the process that happens to these progenitor cells.

  The micrograph below shows E. coli cells.c fouuj-)3q ;a


1.Identify the structure labelled I in the micrograph.

2.If the magnification of the image is x36,000 and the length of cell II in the image is 54 mm, calculate the actual length of cell II in micrometres (µm).The number=  µm.

3.State one feature, other than the structure labelled I, that can be used to identify the cells in this micrograph as prokaryotic cells.

  Which structure is found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells :lm:iec)z38uhd7 zto?

  Mesophyll cells are found in plants. Plant cells ha( 7l2kb6vemla *i myi6ve unique characteristics that distinguish them from any bl 6e2al6vimmk*7(i yother cell type.

In the micrograph above, one of the cell parts is labelled X. What is the name of this structure?

  The micrograph shows y9dh/ :l+r wpka transverse section through a leaf.



1.1.Identify an adaptation of this leaf for its function.

2.2.Identify the cell organelle that is found in particularly high numbers in the palisade mesophyll cells.
it is   .

This micrograph shows a transverse section through a pancreatic acinar cell. Acinar cells are found in the exocrine tissue of the pancreas.


2.1.Explain how the structure of this cell is related to the function of the synthesis of proteins for release from the cell.

2.2.State why an electron microscope is needed to view the ultrastructure of the acinar cells.

  Which row correctly describes thekh:d0 ava8kfszxo) m;p m .2(tj tt)-q DNA and chromosomes of bacterial cells?

  Cyanobacteria are prokaryotes that can perform photosynthesis. Whichrmx08 9ntjna kzmm wt .u5y*/- structural feature is common to bo8 yma/5k.t*u9mt j0rx- mz wnnth cyanobacteria and plant cells?

  Which statement provides evidence for theg:hi eg;ix6e5m20kz z endosymbiotic theory?

  Which part of the cell x*ta- ukk +5gdv4kc/nis labelled with the letter P?

  What feature of chloroplasts f m *+;)bfj);eeh z02e zsk z1)evmahkprovides evidence for the endosymbiotic theory?

  The micrograph shows an image of a plant cell takenr qo,odg;lx +i:cd2g; with a light microscope.

1.Calculate the magnification of the image, showing your work.
Magnification=   x

2.Label, with the letter N, a nucleus in the image.

3.The image was taken using a light microscope. State how you deduce this from the image.

4.Draw and label a diagram to show how the same type of plant cell shown in the micrograph would appear when examined with an electron microscope.

5.State two differences that would be seen when looking at an electron micrograph of a bacterium cell compared to this plant cell.

6.At first, the student who took this image could not see the cell when focusing the microscope. Suggest what may have caused this problem.

  The electron micrograph below shows a cell of the bacterium Vibr hqk*nl7th y9/u/vz-dio cholerae. Which of thez l/hhdv*t-qky9un 7 / labelled structures maintains the cell’s shape and protects the cell from lysing during osmosis?

  Which process is most likely responsible for the origin of mitochondria as a eukh h q s* phx+6wsps5rh).yw+9har+5 hw9phssyh*hw.s)h rq p+6xyotic cell organelle?

  Which organelle is the site of protquh 5w- q :sgyn-x7h5eein synthesis?

The diagram below shows a cyanobacterium, Synechococcus elongatusd ef t5y2qn, 5s .5w rk.pj(rar5h.awv.

1.1.State whether the cell shown in the microphotograph is eukaryotic or prokaryotic. Give a reason for your answer.

1.2.State two features found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell structures.

1.3.Identify the type of microscope which was used to produce the microphotograph above. Give a reason for your answer.

1.4.Describe the function of X.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum.

  1.1.Identify an organelle visible in the fig. 0vh+ qk apk( w9fl,quzt6-j nord/m0ure below whose structure provides evidence for the endosymbiotic thdjk. 0 k9,mqo (nwazqhu flv /tp-0r+6eory.
organelle is   



1.2.Label with the letter S an example of the organelle that you named in part (i).

1.3.Describe three features of the organelle named in part (i) that support the endosymbiotic theory.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of a mitochondrion and typical prokaryote.

  Which statements about unicellular and multicellular o)y5 3aw syehqwh:m9nny t*m 6,rganisms are correct?

Below is a diagram of a motor neuronbv2h o8rn4 1cu. Neurons are the longest cells in the human bo2r148huonc vbdy.



1.Explain the factors that limit cell size in humans.

2.Explain how life functions are performed by Paramecium.

  The following electron micrograph shows part of an erh sbtl0w;0yy5 p6m9s2:u:vme. ep prxocrine pancreas cell. Which of the labelled structures is responsible for the production of vesicles for exo;.t02ympr: v:5 u6hm ebyps9l 0swprecytosis?

All organisms contain genetic material. The ty* pg- f9xnefcrxz2( 9ype, quantity and location of genetic material di(pxe9*- r fnz29yxg cfffer between kingdoms and species.

1.State if the cell shown in the image is a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell. Give a reason for your answer.



2.Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA.

3.Outline Cairns' technique for measuring the length of prokaryotic DNA.

  Which statements about cz9lcz2eu :f i a.4y(szhloroplasts and mitochondria support the endosymbiotic theorze zs f.caiu2l:(49 yzy?

1.Outline the steps iuykqkg5tn*3 6n calculating the magnification of a micrograph.

2.Describe the steps taken to focus on a specimen using the 40x objective lens of a light microscope.

  The diagram below shows a cell.3 dfwon,;. apg0sc04k nn8 ykd


1.1.Deduce with a reason, what type of cell this is.

1.2.Calculate the magnification of the cell.The magnification of the cell=   x.

1.3.Outline two functions of life carried out by the cell in the diagram.

2.1.State the type of microscope used to produce the image.

2.2.Explain your choice of microscope for part (i).

  Palisade mesophyll cells produce anf4isgmrxq-0;+1ay7 y+nl v akd release large amounts of carbohydrates. Which characteristics would you expect ta fx+4;avn1r-lg0yskq 7m y+ io observe in such cells?

The diagram below shows a cellhre, sc7+9b3q kk/ev*xl8jomoo u6 u3.

1.1.Compare and contrast the structure of a mictochondrion with the structure of the cell shown in the diagram.

1.2.Explain why the cell in the diagram is structurally similar to a mitochondrion.

  Which statement applies to both mitochondria and prokaryotes?tu, :+o2r)mfwcn5 r za

  What is the correct magnificati- d+ fh dqjw5p*.lyfu*on of this image?

  Which characteristic is not true for both mitochondria and chlon/.-od; sonz oroplasts?

  The electron micrograph shows a prokaryotic cell, Cyclotella liti *kee)8dfb 0+rwnb60ff +i avoralis. What is twbv b0+f naif0i6 efk8rd+)e* he actual diameter of the cell in this image?

  The electron micrograph shows an animal cell:bdb c/ykur 03.

  The electron micrograph shows a st y.x esf+o*9parcomere, the smallest functional unit of striated muscle tissue. What is the actual length between the two Z line.p+yeof9t xs*s?

  Which organelle is formed by ar8)vv. i-tuh d vesicle derived from the cell membrane?

  Which organism containscen v. ak-t2xw1hk20o DNA in exactly two different organelles?

1.Outline one way unicellular organismqz.wv)axknk4sm9fz b7 y:;3 bbdg v/2o (hef0 s can carry out each of nutrition, movement and 4xqvdvfwszank.m9 2b:yz b g)ob37/hf0 ;ek (excretion.

2.Draw a single mitochondrion, and annotate it to outline the role of four labelled structures.

3.Compare and contrast the structure of E. coli and a palisade mesophyll cell.

  What feature distinguishes fungal hyphae andxz/0u2qf vsk.kd3+ fn striated muscle from the two cell types x+3qn vkdzfk s0/2.fu shown in the images?