Which of Newton's laws best exx q23 our:p6grplains why motorists should buckle-up?

  When you sit on a chair, the respk u9-jk ,9gtb67jeaxultant force on you is

  In the absence of an external force, a moving object wilmkefi- urz1afc 2oygg,x -+ ;)l

  When the rocket engines on the starship NO-PAIN-NO-GAIN are sudg l(n4fj*rd/ .u5vxzedenly turned off, while traveling.jznludx*f r/ve 54( g in empty space, the starship will

  A rocket moves through empty space in a straight line with constant speew2l d7 /z)pauad. It is far from the gravitational effect of any star or planet. Under these conditions, the force t7a )d/ 2wlazpuhat must be applied to the rocket in order to sustain its motion is

  You are standing in a moving bus, facing forward, and you suddenlywfd1ljw)t0ccjd:t 0r09u nx w0b: qg- fall forward. You can imply from this that th)lq:fc1 r0w u0t0ww9:x0j - dn dbtcgje bus's

  You are standing in a moving bus, facing forward, qvyr,x pz;-i7z/y- liand you suddenly fall forward as the bus comes to an immediate stop. What force caused you to fall forwazyiy7pqxr,z i/ l-- ;vrd?

  A constant net force acts on an object. Describe the motios)8 cmbv,u)wws to ,: 8ycb6qgn of the object.

  The acceleration of an object u ypjp u d1a44k:mv(kf(y0o1t is inversely proportional to

  A net force F accelerates a mass m withx(qp/9byj xy3 an acceleration a. If the same net force is applied to mass 2m, then the acceleration wpbq j3yyx9 (x/ill be

  A net force F acts on tu/o5oy 7u9jha mass m and produces an acceleration a. What acceleration results if a net fuyjth o5uo 7/9orce 2F acts on mass 4m?

  If you blow up a balloon, a 37iygbjn l +d;lll 1uy3kcuzcu75-2vnd then release it, the balloon will fly away. This is an illkn -2lg yb+35 z7 ujl; cild31yuculv7ustration of

  Two cars collide head- ree)wd2fizn;)76 qjp on. At every moment during the collision, the magnitude of the force the first car exerts on the second is exactly equal to the magnitude of the force the second car exerts on the first. Th6 in)fe;wjzprqed7)2 is is an example of

  If you exert a force F on an object, the force whifk:4mi1nk( xqps )4cholo rg 0 fdh7+;ch the object exerts on you willmph ;k7 oh4crgq4 +is0:n1 fl)okx( df

  Action-reaction force u4ynx/t( y)u y6j;kpas

  Action-reaction forcw,.ew z.i.c,x5 ddrjh7 pr(r-w mqy -xes are

  A 20-ton truck collides with a 1500-lb car and cauc 9suq.yq 5ah2 1p/mld0ft; qfses a lot of damage to the car. Since a lot of damage is done on 9flsuq a tf1c. h/0qp25ydmq; the car

  An object of mass m sitsd9t 0(2gkq r44a qfvnz on a flat table. The Earth pulls on this object with force f a4znrt4d2g(0qkv9qmg, which we will call the action force. What is the reaction force?

  A child's toy is suspended from the ceiling b 34/n(yvc2 zi+ jlvcacy means of a string. The Earth pulls downward on the toy wcz/lcv cji n3a( y+24vith its weight force of 8.0 N. If this is the "action force," what is the "reaction force"?

  Your bat hits the ball pitched to you witha-+ qa 38ccc 2uj:fsm h,we7nl a 1500-N instantaneous force. The ball hits the bat with an instantaneous -,f7lc jnm2eac sh+:3ac8wu qforce, whose magnitude is

State Newton's three wm-4mju;t2fl laws.

  Mass and weight

  The acceleration due to gravity is lower on l6 c aqrpx03w(the Moon than on Earth. Which of the following is true about the mass and weight of an astronaut on0p3 6rw(lx acq the Moon's surface, compared to Earth?

  An example of a force which acts at a d j f2qe09q0fxdistance is

  Who has a greater weight to mass ratio, a person weighing 400 N or ah1hfk9*u cyw i- k7(za person weighing 600 N1uy f*hz(w7k-k9 ih ca?

  A stone is thrown straight up. At the top of its path, t wiv83mt7ut 5xn7e9oz he net force acting on it ivz7 nex 7t3tmu5 w9o8is

  A 20-N weight and a 5g aw33)f9vgqa 5dgbhxce l9 j*k80my3.0-N weight are dropped simultaneously from the same height. Ignore air resisk cbdx3a3ggh9lf5y3 0 *q)8wgaje m9 vtance. Compare their accelerations.

  A brick and a feather fa 7wbks /ktnt)4+)9pjiiqu d /jll to the earth at their respective terminal velocities. Which obi/)bjqi n 4 ws/7dk9+kjtpu)tject experiences the greater force of air friction?

  An object of mass m is h(p+f3d5( uksmk 2xtu langing by a string from the ceiling of an elevator. The elevator is moving up at constant speed. What i+u mk2ksx fu3t5 lp((ds the tension in the string?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a string from the ceiling of an elevato m8uwzjgp(azc ,ovlbxgy; b44p 6. c92r. The elevator is moving upward, but s cz(m 6 u;z,px bgwa y.b984lvo42gcjplowing down. What is the tension in the string?

  The force that keeps you from slidinhwo pi3+/eoc6g on an icy sidewalk is

  It's more difficult to starte)*o 5n 6,4k m3r vnbi),wc7qtys zgkp moving a heavy carton from rest than it is to keep puq 3t7pr*gsmk n)n,z6bko, )y5c4e i wvshing it with constant velocity, because

  A horizontal force accelerates a box from rest across a horizos +u3 )imr/mpental surface (friction is present) at a constant rate. The experiment is repeated, and all conditions remain the same with the exception t) em +3mu/irpshat the horizontal force is doubled. What happens to the box's acceleration?

  A packing crate slides down an inclined ramp at constant velocity. Thus we can id,b5 wx)hus6 sn-*yideduce t*h6,w5b -syu )xidnishat

  A block of mass M slides down a/-ni 2 w(m*emz 0wneqy frictionless plane inclined at an angle q with th /(wie0n*wy-mz n2mqee horizontal. The normal reaction force exerted by the plane on the block is

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane in njjeu bt*af5 27rir;4clined at an angle q with thf* 5bj7j r4ent2r;iuae horizontal. The normal reaction force exerted by the plane on the block is directed

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane inclise-r ;u .ujv*bwyp6 v ,3 zjru /ad7k)u0meb*vned at an angle q with the horizontal. The gravitational* * 3rzum.kyev ubes;,vjabv 0p7u u6d-/) rwj force is directed

  Two toy cars (16 kg and 2.0 kg) are released si b m;lxm+x-3hzmultaneously on an inclined plane that makes an angle of 30e with the horizontal. Make a statement which best describes their acceleration hxbl -3z;mx+mafter being released.

  An object sits on a frictionless surface. A 16-N force is applied dk/gr wk2/egz u9/os.to the object, and it acceleratr./9/gs udow k/ez2gkes at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What is the mass of the object?

  A sports car of mass 1000 kg can accelerate from res1ix7 fx; lgx4xt to 27 m/s in 7.0 s. What is the average forward force on the g xf ;1xx7x4licar?

  Starting from rest, a 4.0-kg body reaches a speed of 8.zk qtihq *d /b b33kun1/2hh)m0 m/s in 2.0 s. What is the net force ach dihbh)n3/* /u1qb3t2qkm zk ting on the body?

  An antitank weapon fires a 3.00-kg rocket which acquires a speedan9 g7rq*vw( x of 50.0 m/s after travel9a gwrqv(n x*7ing
90.0 cm down a launching tube. Assuming the rocket was accelerated uniformly, what is the average force acted on it?

  If you push a 4.0-kg mass with the same force that you pus/.zjsdr m6i3 zej zq/3h a 10-kg mass from req sim z/r/djz6.3 jz3est,

  What is the mass of a person who we-m8anapg /f - usz2.amighs 110 lb?

  What is the mass of an object that weighs 250 N on the surface of the Earthr mpcfv2+5tidy2d(j e)06 2pvd v2ver where the acceleration duvpif (rpevrcevmt2252yj+ vd6)d2 0de to gravity is $9.80 \; m/s^2$?

  An object has a mass of 60 kg on n7*c b a5di8ylthe Earth. What is the mass of the object on the surface of the Moon where the acceleration due to gravity l5c7aid yn8b*is only 1/6 of that on the Earth?

  Object A weighs 40 N on Earth, and object B weighs 40 N on the Moon. The Moon+ ;a dtdlvf 6d6eh8g,k's gravity is one sixth of Earth's. Compare the masses of th ,dkav8df;l 6+ged ht6e objects.

  Sue and Sean are having a tug-of-war by pulling on oppositrq8 e,iv zb4 r3nnwpt73 4lry p/:lzm4e ends of a 5.0-kg rope. Sue pulls with a 15-N force. Whatli4 eb /vpzw,lznr4 37q 8rr4n:3mpyt is Sean's force if the rope accelerates toward Sue at $2.0 \; m/s^2$?

  A stack of books rests on a level frictionless surface. A force F ai)w 8plz/ :nuxcts on the stack, and it awpn)u:8/xl i zccelerates at $3.0 \; m/s^2$. A 1.0 kg book is then added to the stack. The same force is applied, and now the stack accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What was the mass of the original stack?

  A person of weight 480 N stands on a scale in an elemt.73 2ja7 ( xlgtxclsvator. What will the scale be reading when the elevator is accelerats 72t7tg .(3xmjx lalcing downward at $4.00 \; m/s^2$?

  A person on a scale rides in an eleqvxu.lpwcbc ra o6 -f4o0 )-piu))of9vator. If the mass of the person is 60.0 kg and the elevator accelerates downward withq9 c-l0xub)o)w r-oi 6ff4pa)u.v po c an acceleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevatorhta-c mb*3/lkl 1q r c7zq)(i-o+hflv. If the mass of the person is 60.0 kg and the elevator accelerates upward with( la-*hoz+3mbvt -icrlh1)qkq/ c7f l an acceleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  Two horizontal forces act on a 5.0-kg mass. One force has a magnitude of 8 vvo tsd/,*m i:wexmmb. 81h;emy 23go.0 N and is directed due north. The second force toward the east has a magnitude of 6.0 N. What is the acceleration of t1dso*hvevo2m .t8, x: yw 3m;meib/g mhe mass?

  An object of mass 600hhzs -v nd21hz +9tc+e0 kg rests on the flatbed of a truck. It is held in place by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping distance if the load is notsv-htd2+enz h1 9 h+cz to slide forward into the cab?

  An object of mass 6000 kg rests on the flatbed of a truck. It is held in b4 txvktf/r74j; fb4jplace by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping time if the load is not to slide forward intotjf 47 vktb/4b fx;r4j the cab?

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0./zk6-fymv2 ua 60 kg and m = 0.40 kg, what is the magnitude of the acceleration of th2 u6a/fzvm- kye system? (Ignore friction and the mass of the pulley.)

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.607 dsl)qa-t,5 5(2f3 yymueulcz yoh(y kg and m = 0.40 kg, what is the tension in the string? (Ignore frict3l5qy2 s edmou 7u( ,cl5(yy)hy-tzfaion and the mass of the pulley.)

  A student pulls a box of books on a smooth horizontal floor with a force oia0yzmmzu4jmq5s9n(.s v 9 4-gpo9eo f 100 N in a diiq9 m49p. zm sm e5zaj-gvoy409o(usnrection of $37^{\circ}$ above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the acceleration of the box?

  A student pulls a box of books on a smoot/pqqkfznqh+3;b;pxu38 1*booy(2y q ofy h2 vh horizontal floor with a force of 100 N in a direction of 37.0e above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and t q ;1o( p n3huyq/ ohyqxpz2*2f b+3y;bqvko8fhe books is 40.0 kg, what is the normal force on the box?

  A traffic light of weight 100 N is supported by two ropes as shown iawpk 55+mn d(r3/kd ysn Fig. 4-2. What wmp 3d5d/5(yrks+na k are the tensions in the ropes?

  In Fig. 4-2, if the tensions in the ribtawxeqra8+p.l +: *opes are 50 N, what is the mass of the traffi:qbia+r lewa.t8 x+* pc light?

  Two boxes of masses m andn rkw7e-lb 81pphd +6f 2m are in contact with each other on a frictionless surface. (See Fig. 4-3.) What is the acceleration of the more massi1phkn+d 86wlfp7rb e -ve box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in contact with each other on a frictio 6p5 fiv5wqx5lqo8dg +nless surface. (See Fig. 45qqw i 6+d pol5xfvg58-3.) What is the net force on the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m w9l,s( 0tipn.y6 rtxhby t4s/and 2m are connected by a rope. (See Fig. 4-4.) If the forward force on the more massive box is F, what is the tensip,.y 46rwy0t tsnx hs/bl9t(ion in the connecting rope?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connected by a rope. (See Fig. 8( njg njthb9(4-4.) If the forward force on the more massive bo8n 9jjhng(bt (x is F, what is the acceleration of the less massive box?

Two boxes are connected by a cord running over a pulley asw*qwc 2oy1j0q s e nb(k/8bmv; shown in Fig. 4-5. Box I mwc ; /bbq*qs0k1jyw2(v8o neof mass
8.0 kg rest on the top of the table; the coefficient of kinetic friction between box I and the table is 0.10. Box II has a mass of 15.0 kg.
(a) Draw the free-body diagrams for the two boxes, identifying all of the forces acting on each of the masses.
(b) Calculate the acceleration of the system.
(c) Calculate the tension in the cord.

  The coefficient of static lcmk7-(ki9xc and kinetic frictions between a 3.0-kg box and a desk are 0.40 and 0.30, respectively. c-cxkl mi (k97 What is the net force on the box when a 15 N horizontal force is applied to the box?

  The coefficients of sta7 iuqhnkx;8 pndl n++6 ariwppt9( p57tic and kinetic frictions for plastic on wood are 0.50 and 06 ni+pk nlrxn(a7w57ui+tpqp; d 9h8p.40,
respectively. How much horizontal force would you need to apply to a 3.0 N plastic calculator to start it moving from rest?

  An object slides on a level surface in the +x direction. It slowsljiy2m.xz;x+zr :2z s-m* vlt and comes to a stop with a constant acceleration 2xr;.s *mzmj2z-:lt+yivz lx of -$2.45 \; m/s^2$. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the object and the floor?

  A 10-kg box sitting on a horizontpsm) 1s3k;hy aal surface is pulled by a 5.0-N force. A 3.0-N friction force retards thk s3ps)a1;ym he motion. What is the acceleration of the object?

  A horizontal force of 5.0 N accelerates a 4.0-kg mass, from rest, at ahf uvqx.oc tw/4cp)+ / rate of $0.50 \; m/s^2$ in the positive direction. What friction force acts on the mass?

  During a hockey game, a puck is given an initial speed of 10 m/s. .ecwccw /9 l*s It slides 50 m oec lc w.w*/c9sn the ice before it stops. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the puck and the ice?

  During the investigation of a traffic accident, police find skid marks)t ;qzp 1r/n5zf8edygc jv+rs-22eo p 90.0 m long. They determine the coefficient of friction between the car's tires and the 8eq vpr2 fgty n5+)s2zz ;pceo-/1drj roadway to be 0.500 for the prevailing conditions. Estimate the speed of the car when the brakes were applied.

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stacked. (See F4eb bb;40dk eoig. 4-6.) The surface between the more massive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive box, what is the static friction force on the less massive boxb ;kdbo44ee 0b?

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stacked. (See Fig. 4-6.fzd4f.f/t ik*; : tajv) The surface between the more massive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive box, ;4t*f/ jivkdfaz:ft.what is the coefficient of static friction between the boxes?

  An object is on a frictionlessocs 9d q9gsfrp*; f1+e inclined plane. The plane is inclined at an angle of f9+cr*;pfdgsso9 1qe $30^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. What is the object's acceleration?

  A 10-kg mass slides down a flat hill that makes) h t49z8skvo yy31syv an angle of $10^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. If friction is negligible, what is the resultant force on the sled?

  A mass is placed on a smooth inclined plane with an anglesd(8w1rof*redr2 n-i of $37^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. If the inclined plane is 5.0-m long, how long does it take for the mass to reach the bottom of the inclined plane after it is released from rest?

A block lies on a smooth inclined plane tilted at an angle )v w4-:tk2e m6lbyomcof $35^{\circ}$ to the horizontal.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the block.
(b) Determine the block's acceleration as it slides down the inclined plane.
(c) If the block started from rest 8.5 m up the incline from its base, determine the block's speed when it reaches the bottom of the incline.
(d) How long did it take the block to reach the bottom of the inclined plane?

  A wooden block slides directly down an inclined plane, at a co7t:q7aq;ejq tp26 n vy -t,srunstant velocity of 6.0 m/s.yr qpj te: 2u-t n6,sva7q;qt7
What is the coefficient of kinetic friction, if the plane makes an angle of $25^{\circ}$ with the horizontal?

  An object with a mass m swwc4kzn- 9( v(cp dme.8g 2raglides down a rough $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. What is the acceleration of the object?

  An object with a mass m slides down a rou+- 6hbilrfqgn/)/ kpdgh $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. If the plane is 10 m long and the mass starts from rest, what will be its speed at the bottom of the plane?

  A bulldozer drags a log weighing 500 N along a rough surface. Th*bpjneu q0 lr7)5oz2 y2b8d jne cable attached to the log ma20ndbj n)o ej2 z7*85bu qyplrkes an angle of $30.0^{\circ}$ with the ground. The coefficient of static friction between the log and the ground is 0.500. What minimum tension is required in the cable in order for the log to begin to move?

A 25.0-kg box is released from rest on a rough inclined plane tilted2( sbi ,)p6bbog:9 -wrsxufxb at an angle ofp ou r bxiswb) 9f:g,2b(-xs6b $33.5^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.200.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the box.
(b) Determine the force of kinetic friction acting on the box.
(c) Determine the acceleration of the box as it slides down the inclined plane.

  An object is placed on t) q( 9mb9v( aldk+xyyan inclined plane. The angle of incline is gradually increased until the object begins to slide. The angle at whi(v t+xb)kmyy99qd l (ach this occurs is q. What is the coefficient of static friction between the object and the plane?