Which statement about eukaryotic cells is correczfk4hj -lm*a- )a m,ghgj,fd*t?

  Which are common features d 3ike ag0f*:ibecn.* of bacterial cells?
I.
Have a single chromosome
II.
Have plasmids
III.
DNA associated with proteins

  What type of cell is shown inu0xqwc(ia b) - the image?

  Which statement(s) about the endosymbiotic theg e1pqy+:i7d. glz:zw ctw olj :;f;;oory is true?
I.
It provides evidence for the origin of prokaryotes.
II.
It provides evidence for the origin of eukaryotes.
III.
It provides evidence for spontaneous generation.

  What provides evidencea7z9dikg0at9:k r9wy2of qf 5 that all life on Earth evolved from the same population o art 2i:57a 9f0z kwydg9qkfo9f cells?

  These photographs show the same section of a human retina. What is the reasoej z)(ok8 gve5 +kfhi6 bp+,lnn for h(ipk+e 5 ke8of z)lb,jgv+ n6the difference between the two diagrams?

  Paramecium produces enzymes that catalyse diffev-l(k 0huo0jc j qh..urent chemical reactions taking place in the cytoplasm. What function of life is demou0 j(jc.v0koh. luqh-nstrated in this situation?

  What do the two labelled organelles have in comgb; ac 0m;v(go+u p4ff2aj .r9ip1q*gz.vo ommon?

  Which organelle has a doublevt gyeb)r6hyahf-8q x. dwu8z1( 09zz membrane?

  Which row in the table correctly4 a xfzzy,gb9 i:q 01,d8mlwts identifies structures which are present (✓) or absent (×) in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cey 10m diq8l wzfz,:,a4 stgxb9lls?

  Which structure found in i eku33qpa -y1qzxp x36i*e) fa eukaryote has a double membrane?

  
Chlorella contains the molecule chlorophyll which makes it to appear green. What life function is exhibited in this example?

  Which of the following statements9qjo8/ ox h.iyjr2y0f6 sb0bn are true about the structure of cells?
I. All cells contain cytoplasm enclosed by the plasma membrane.
II. The microscope was important in understanding the structure of the cell.
III. Prokaryotes do not have genetic material.

  Which of the following is+ptyohz a:,l9+t owx20k:fu v not a function of the Golgi apparatus?

  Which statement(s) about cell structure is gt((gw;qgwp t+q(b- t/are not true?

I.
Prokaryotic cells have a compartmentalised structure.

II.
Only eukaryotic cells have a Golgi apparatus.

III.
Only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

  The image below is a9ni1d:ljm6 ms4czc 7o io 2w(h0ces+t micrograph of blood.


1.Identify the part of the cells labelled A and B.
arrow    points to the plasma membrane
arrow    points to the nucleus
2.Outline why blood is classified as a tissue.

3.State where the stem cells needed to produce red blood cells are located.it is      .

4.Progenitor cells are produced by dividing stem cells. These cells will eventually differentiate even further. Blood cells have a common progenitor cell. Describe the process that happens to these progenitor cells.

  The micrograph below shows E. mv87yx ;f* vj b0c*nftcoli cells.


1.Identify the structure labelled I in the micrograph.

2.If the magnification of the image is x36,000 and the length of cell II in the image is 54 mm, calculate the actual length of cell II in micrometres (µm).The number=  µm.

3.State one feature, other than the structure labelled I, that can be used to identify the cells in this micrograph as prokaryotic cells.

  Which structure is found in both e5rz bk;f86mw. +h ocf;f6c(1uxzopl eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

  Mesophyll cells are found in plants. Plant cej8(*vrh46.zr:ns dunwl n b6+f:qfn t lls have unique characteristics that dist*jz+lr s6f(nn.u:4 rvwb6hd8qf n:n tinguish them from any other cell type.

In the micrograph above, one of the cell parts is labelled X. What is the name of this structure?

  The micrograph shows a tra oqqzc2 7oa*7wnsverse section through a leaf.



1.1.Identify an adaptation of this leaf for its function.

2.2.Identify the cell organelle that is found in particularly high numbers in the palisade mesophyll cells.
it is   .

This micrograph shows a transverse section through a pancreatic acinar cell. Acinar cells are found in the exocrine tissue of the pancreas.


2.1.Explain how the structure of this cell is related to the function of the synthesis of proteins for release from the cell.

2.2.State why an electron microscope is needed to view the ultrastructure of the acinar cells.

  Which row correctly describes the DNA and chromosomesu 0p2ond z(1,p-srybb of bacterial cells?

  Cyanobacteria are prokaryotes that can perform photosynthesis. Whicit .yxnn(on61ch6)4 nut n,dc6( qral h structural fe,x4thnrn1c cdiun on66a t (q l).n(6yature is common to both cyanobacteria and plant cells?

  Which statement provides evidenchg)bbft,qo; or08 o l:e for the endosymbiotic theory?

  Which part of the cell is 61-y . wsjiuhflabelled with the letter P?

  What feature of chloroytg0c*o1n2 xp5t (fb gufu.)oplasts provides evidence for the endosymbiotic theory?

  The micrograph shows an image of a plae7d lo9 9xh7(kbxyis p;4 v4hvnt cell taken with a light microscope.

1.Calculate the magnification of the image, showing your work.
Magnification=   x

2.Label, with the letter N, a nucleus in the image.

3.The image was taken using a light microscope. State how you deduce this from the image.

4.Draw and label a diagram to show how the same type of plant cell shown in the micrograph would appear when examined with an electron microscope.

5.State two differences that would be seen when looking at an electron micrograph of a bacterium cell compared to this plant cell.

6.At first, the student who took this image could not see the cell when focusing the microscope. Suggest what may have caused this problem.

  The electron micrograph below shows a cell of the bacterium Vibri8oqbo7zl 4a n(o cholerae. Which of the labelled structures maintains the cell’s shape and protects the cell from lysing during o7qa 8(nl bzo4osmosis?

  Which process is most likely responsible f2epf msx/b440 ;lf ptvor the origin of mitochondria as a euk2;fs4xf0l t 4vpb/p mearyotic cell organelle?

  Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?e; nh(m lsv4*s *v4axm

The diagram below shows a cyanobacterium, Synechococcus elongaga g09rz8q(xiwck0 -gtus.

1.1.State whether the cell shown in the microphotograph is eukaryotic or prokaryotic. Give a reason for your answer.

1.2.State two features found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell structures.

1.3.Identify the type of microscope which was used to produce the microphotograph above. Give a reason for your answer.

1.4.Describe the function of X.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum.

  1.1.Identify an organelle i685g79v* yyfr f danqtt o*.vvisible in the figure below whose structure provides evidenydvv*.iq6r8aot yt7f* g59fn ce for the endosymbiotic theory.
organelle is   



1.2.Label with the letter S an example of the organelle that you named in part (i).

1.3.Describe three features of the organelle named in part (i) that support the endosymbiotic theory.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of a mitochondrion and typical prokaryote.

  Which statements about unicellularrecq :4jpqm5v5clvpj ;a (n 3e+ e:(cw and multicellular organisms are correct?

Below is a diagram of a m7le a 5 k.a(lgpu/46 kzvf)gsjotor neuron. Neurons are the longest cells in the human body. k65lals.4fk7eg j u()gav/pz



1.Explain the factors that limit cell size in humans.

2.Explain how life functions are performed by Paramecium.

  The following electron micrograph shows part *x,gy ke4 h*b*edmj-vof an exocrine pancreas cell. Which of the labelled structures is responsible for the production of vesicles for exocytos-* xj*eg*k bm 4e,yvhdis?

All organisms contain genetic material. The type, quantit*7we-/t dvh gnt ir/a +4l/ejuy and location of genetic mat*/l7 e4 v/etigdr/jw+t au-nh erial differ between kingdoms and species.

1.State if the cell shown in the image is a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell. Give a reason for your answer.



2.Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA.

3.Outline Cairns' technique for measuring the length of prokaryotic DNA.

  Which statements about chloroplasts and mitochondria support the eb so1 z.r7c1,zl 9bbalndosymbiotic theory?zc.,ro11zb as7bl9lb

1.Outline the steps in calculating the magnification of a tef0j r j1l.s4micrograph.

2.Describe the steps taken to focus on a specimen using the 40x objective lens of a light microscope.

  The diagram below shows a cell-upz(23vzv c ; xbh6ijbgw5n1.


1.1.Deduce with a reason, what type of cell this is.

1.2.Calculate the magnification of the cell.The magnification of the cell=   x.

1.3.Outline two functions of life carried out by the cell in the diagram.

2.1.State the type of microscope used to produce the image.

2.2.Explain your choice of microscope for part (i).

  Palisade mesophyll cells produce and release large amounts of carbohydrp);d)pgyactf )lhexk9(7svt(ey5+u ates. Which characteristics would yoyfc)5u dvx( te +;plhg)yesp atk(7)9 u expect to observe in such cells?

The diagram below showsvbp8nk1 l6 t*f a cell.

1.1.Compare and contrast the structure of a mictochondrion with the structure of the cell shown in the diagram.

1.2.Explain why the cell in the diagram is structurally similar to a mitochondrion.

  Which statement applies to both mitochondria and prokaryot8g5* i c9lxspewny( 7yes?

  What is the correct magnification of wx ep:m vm /b.bjs7 447zsiq.vthis image?

  Which characteristic is not true for both mitochondr7i :gytavp8uv(it+m. ia and chloroplasts?

  The electron micrograph shows a prokaryotic cell, Cyclotella litoralisxacp,lve s3gem8 (7ycd :eg13. What is the actual diameter of the cell in tag(3p1c7sgx y8v 3 mc,eeeld:his image?

  The electron micrograph shows an animal 7ie+jd/r u9wka b:6rl cell.

  The electron micrograph sh ef* o.*ij ip/9a9;qf4nkrl5u1ntb xiows a sarcomere, the smallest functional unit of striated muscp /xk f* o;b.ainnt 9jfqeu59*1il4r ile tissue. What is the actual length between the two Z lines?

  Which organelle is formed by a vesic td2)c2r;sg rple derived from the cell membrane?

  Which organism contains DNA in exacty6hh ov y f;:-*i24wsnmn-kt fl:xif84 gv+ nhly two different organelles?

1.Outline one way unicellular orkg0u nm lm9.d.ganisms can carry out each of nutrition, movement and excreti k.g0mdmul9.n on.

2.Draw a single mitochondrion, and annotate it to outline the role of four labelled structures.

3.Compare and contrast the structure of E. coli and a palisade mesophyll cell.

  What feature distinguishes fungal hyphae and striated muswo5 vp1l6lh :bb*ln 6kl3hsq4cle from the two cell types shown hl64q:sb5kl o*v1 3w6n b lphlin the images?