Which statement abouke w:8 no6l l4czaa05)xf3zh0poq ;gw t eukaryotic cells is correct?

  Which are common features of bacterial cells? h tqgifxh(q+y95ymu04/n6b j
I.
Have a single chromosome
II.
Have plasmids
III.
DNA associated with proteins

  What type of cell is shown in the ixb tw//q r 19*wqy6zpamage?

  Which statement(s) about the endosymbiotic th+us37prm ggm g o*joer5rs*5:eory is true?
I.
It provides evidence for the origin of prokaryotes.
II.
It provides evidence for the origin of eukaryotes.
III.
It provides evidence for spontaneous generation.

  What provides evidencp4 a/q9,;refvszjp6n e that all life on Earth evolved from the same population ofz psrnj/6avfp;, eq4 9 cells?

  These photographs show the same section of ae o)h2b-u/m5mzp-z ris (.hz m human retina. What is the reason for the difference between the two diagrams? -z5 r/mhmu hb)iopez(s 2m z-.

  Paramecium produces enzyme -063r *nxr v wu.*qgbwpp8 md6f crlx8,u*jtks that catalyse different chemical reactions taking place in the cytopla nppwq0c6.d w3-8 x rjxb fum *kr,rgvl*86*tusm. What function of life is demonstrated in this situation?

  What do the two labelled organelles have insw +n syv904ok common?

  Which organelle has a double membrane?bv ,.p dd3x/ ,f:5f*mpamoimw

  Which row in the table correctly identifies structures which w9 clwm7 .ed)hare present (✓) or absent (×) in prokaryotic and eukaryd 9ww7.)h emclotic cells?

  Which structure foundp c,t ;-ob agqzbz g8uxksa32 ,bqb ftuc91++7 in a eukaryote has a double membrane?

  
Chlorella contains the molecule chlorophyll which makes it to appear green. What life function is exhibited in this example?

  Which of the following statements are true about t( 4 i3po:lnq/*owfkaehe structure of cells?
I. All cells contain cytoplasm enclosed by the plasma membrane.
II. The microscope was important in understanding the structure of the cell.
III. Prokaryotes do not have genetic material.

  Which of the following is noth gum4kcc j-vm8nwk(4-(2w 8wv,v//eg bxkml a function of the Golgi apparatus?

  Which statement(s) about cell structure is/are not trdh2a)qtx8 s: hue?

I.
Prokaryotic cells have a compartmentalised structure.

II.
Only eukaryotic cells have a Golgi apparatus.

III.
Only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

  The image below is a micrograph5d58xj9/si ymmsmj k- of blood.


1.Identify the part of the cells labelled A and B.
arrow    points to the plasma membrane
arrow    points to the nucleus
2.Outline why blood is classified as a tissue.

3.State where the stem cells needed to produce red blood cells are located.it is      .

4.Progenitor cells are produced by dividing stem cells. These cells will eventually differentiate even further. Blood cells have a common progenitor cell. Describe the process that happens to these progenitor cells.

  The micrograph below shows E. coli cellsn ) fv a)eo6mps1(u;/ zfu;;:fzatj zp.


1.Identify the structure labelled I in the micrograph.

2.If the magnification of the image is x36,000 and the length of cell II in the image is 54 mm, calculate the actual length of cell II in micrometres (µm).The number=  µm.

3.State one feature, other than the structure labelled I, that can be used to identify the cells in this micrograph as prokaryotic cells.

  Which structure is found in both euk3- ;yp/geu bpzaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

  Mesophyll cells are found in plants. Plant cellsp*9c.r gwewa kia6:v( have unique characteristics that distinguish them from any other cell typ wre.cg:iav(6*pwak9e.

In the micrograph above, one of the cell parts is labelled X. What is the name of this structure?

  The micrograph shows a transverse section through d ors.qv/r..o uwobdv3 vv- 80a leaf.



1.1.Identify an adaptation of this leaf for its function.

2.2.Identify the cell organelle that is found in particularly high numbers in the palisade mesophyll cells.
it is   .

This micrograph shows a transverse section through a pancreatic acinar cell. Acinar cells are found in the exocrine tissue of the pancreas.


2.1.Explain how the structure of this cell is related to the function of the synthesis of proteins for release from the cell.

2.2.State why an electron microscope is needed to view the ultrastructure of the acinar cells.

  Which row correctly describes the DNA and chro jz r /ixkg9ze3m8*zh(mosomes of bacterial cells?

  Cyanobacteria are prokaryotes that can perform phf;ifwq2w ,j1hotosynthesis. Which structural featurj;w,w2hf i1f qe is common to both cyanobacteria and plant cells?

  Which statement provi xs:he. i(jjo4des evidence for the endosymbiotic theory?

  Which part of the cell is labelled with the letter P?l/+5ge1ql hsf

  What feature of chloroplasts provides ey38kvd :n ,uxve)gw n1vidence for the endosymbiotic theory?

  The micrograph shows an image of a plant cell taken with a light microscopep vr-f0 5w jmv x7lkszu65f(+txlvimkr)(r27 .

1.Calculate the magnification of the image, showing your work.
Magnification=   x

2.Label, with the letter N, a nucleus in the image.

3.The image was taken using a light microscope. State how you deduce this from the image.

4.Draw and label a diagram to show how the same type of plant cell shown in the micrograph would appear when examined with an electron microscope.

5.State two differences that would be seen when looking at an electron micrograph of a bacterium cell compared to this plant cell.

6.At first, the student who took this image could not see the cell when focusing the microscope. Suggest what may have caused this problem.

  The electron micrograph below shows a cell 7f58qd)phhpn of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Which of the labelled structures maintains the cell’s shape and protects the cell from lysingdq8fph 5n )hp7 during osmosis?

  Which process is most likely responsible for the origin of m5x o lo-ll4xh4itochondria as a eukaryotic cell organ-l 4h ox4l5loxelle?

  Which organelle is t0-hndtm-z ,s5oiht y4he site of protein synthesis?

The diagram below shows a cyanobacterium, Synechokl 8admp9 :x fxv+(8zkcoccus elongatus.

1.1.State whether the cell shown in the microphotograph is eukaryotic or prokaryotic. Give a reason for your answer.

1.2.State two features found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell structures.

1.3.Identify the type of microscope which was used to produce the microphotograph above. Give a reason for your answer.

1.4.Describe the function of X.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum.

  1.1.Identify an organelle visible in the figure /k(k)f/ua mz: dal t(kc;6faj below whose structure provides evkz(d l/mjku )fk;c/a6 f(a:taidence for the endosymbiotic theory.
organelle is   



1.2.Label with the letter S an example of the organelle that you named in part (i).

1.3.Describe three features of the organelle named in part (i) that support the endosymbiotic theory.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of a mitochondrion and typical prokaryote.

  Which statements about unicellul4 tk 7afgq5(eaar and multicellular organisms are correct?

Below is a diagram of a motor neuron. Neurons are the long /hww*mvkv4x9 est cells in the human body.hkvm*4wxv9 w /



1.Explain the factors that limit cell size in humans.

2.Explain how life functions are performed by Paramecium.

  The following electron micrograph shows part of an ex u3:h4c+p)mpfk tk m;bocrine pancreas cell. Which of the labelled structures is responsible fmcb3:4 +)p u;fhkmptk or the production of vesicles for exocytosis?

All organisms contain genetic material. The 63hivougny;j3 ilu-9 ) tgsl u)qt0q3type, quantity and location of genetic mag)ouqjii9)6g3uht3q y s tl 03;uv-nl terial differ between kingdoms and species.

1.State if the cell shown in the image is a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell. Give a reason for your answer.



2.Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA.

3.Outline Cairns' technique for measuring the length of prokaryotic DNA.

  Which statements about chloroplasts and mitochondri5 ig6cbuwhx2p s8l. h,a support the endosymbiotic theorh2 u,6.i 5wg8bhlxscp y?

1.Outline the steps in calculatin lkxw5wwted0i 6+3nv 5* gwhj-g the magnification of a micrograph.

2.Describe the steps taken to focus on a specimen using the 40x objective lens of a light microscope.

  The diagram below shows a cy-p4 aoow:tw5 ell.


1.1.Deduce with a reason, what type of cell this is.

1.2.Calculate the magnification of the cell.The magnification of the cell=   x.

1.3.Outline two functions of life carried out by the cell in the diagram.

2.1.State the type of microscope used to produce the image.

2.2.Explain your choice of microscope for part (i).

  Palisade mesophyll cely oj setpphy7 ();wsq/5x(:g fls produce and release large amounts of carbohydrates. Which characteristics would you expect to observe in such cells?5 t/ygx(ys):7;eojwq ps(pf h

The diagram below shoer()s l3 9wfx,.ks( jrp nw/bows a cell.

1.1.Compare and contrast the structure of a mictochondrion with the structure of the cell shown in the diagram.

1.2.Explain why the cell in the diagram is structurally similar to a mitochondrion.

  Which statement applie -iz*ltezqx* /s to both mitochondria and prokaryotes?

  What is the correct magnification of this *+p3xv4mxoz q 6 3wzqpimage?

  Which characteristic is not true for bo8chf3x m 7f(.zn a ai;fcme*n5th mitochondria and chloroplasts?

  The electron micrograph shows a prokaryotic cell, Cyclotella litoralis. What is 8gdchh z4k yzm3x tyf9 c):n0)the actual diameter of the cnfh m)y0 zzc)98t43gyxhkcd: ell in this image?

  The electron micrograph shows an animal crlh wu r,6*my73 g9yaux.avv :ell.

  The electron micrograph shows a sarcomere, the smallest fu 12k1)i+ nkyhqqx h/cmnctional unit of striated muscle tissue. What is the actual length between mkx1/+2i c1h hq)qyknthe two Z lines?

  Which organelle is formed by i/k tza-+p*vha vesicle derived from the cell membrane?

  Which organism contains DNA in exactle7tr3+m d8u l9 jceyl2y two different organelles?

1.Outline one way unicellular organiy vb9 facaa xv;ps:o(r67 hx2*sms can carry out each of nutrition, movement and excreta(yo s79vp c;v x*a :26xafbhrion.

2.Draw a single mitochondrion, and annotate it to outline the role of four labelled structures.

3.Compare and contrast the structure of E. coli and a palisade mesophyll cell.

  What feature distinguishes fungal hyphae and striated muscl 3b2:ahxtb:cxe from the two cell types shownatbx: h3xbc2: in the images?