Which statement about e7 1u,f c8skxsi1:h njnukaryotic cells is correct?

  Which are common features of bacterial coaqu+eo37s.5g x4/iaqy 5jb tells?
I.
Have a single chromosome
II.
Have plasmids
III.
DNA associated with proteins

  What type of cell is shown in the image? xayyo5 8rm;)uq(m. gc

  Which statement(s) abosd4e 7,nnxi9clk+7 an ut the endosymbiotic theory is true?
I.
It provides evidence for the origin of prokaryotes.
II.
It provides evidence for the origin of eukaryotes.
III.
It provides evidence for spontaneous generation.

  What provides evidence that all life on Earth evoo sun9gjccw.8 :v;dy8lved from the same population of cells9u8y d wj.gv:c8;cons?

  These photographs show the same s: pqexvo2,hlgei e )*6ection of a human retina. What is the reason for the difference between the two diagramse*:) e ,6ghveqxo2 pli?

  Paramecium produces enzymes that catalyse different,hwpp cdf(.2w .ss vi6q)7dwg chemical reactions taking place in the cytoplasm. What func6ghcp7wswv p (s . qfd.i,2wd)tion of life is demonstrated in this situation?

  What do the two labelled organelles t uw(j hv/tl:bx;73 2qm/ rwfchave in common?

  Which organelle has a double membrnz -v f0 sgm zz6a2,gl8jmj+a+ane?

  Which row in the table correctly identifies str otmjsh8s ;9d af w o50)ec 3ugu(n(co-u)l.cjuctures which are present (✓) or absent (×) il(5uh8 3to )( mncdccowju 0fsuaj;-)g9o .esn prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

  Which structure foundqu.j6(z/vr w ps+skf-ly9t*j *o,bsw in a eukaryote has a double membrane?

  
Chlorella contains the molecule chlorophyll which makes it to appear green. What life function is exhibited in this example?

  Which of the following statements are true about the structure of cells? c,4lhk6bbjd7
I. All cells contain cytoplasm enclosed by the plasma membrane.
II. The microscope was important in understanding the structure of the cell.
III. Prokaryotes do not have genetic material.

  Which of the following is not a function big7ap 7h;d*jnyw; t.of the Golgi apparatus?

  Which statement(s) about cell c0e(+7 e il/ g,x*olt32rfk,pqsutewstructure is/are not true?

I.
Prokaryotic cells have a compartmentalised structure.

II.
Only eukaryotic cells have a Golgi apparatus.

III.
Only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

  The image below is a micime :yvy/96tr gl-,hm rograph of blood.


1.Identify the part of the cells labelled A and B.
arrow    points to the plasma membrane
arrow    points to the nucleus
2.Outline why blood is classified as a tissue.

3.State where the stem cells needed to produce red blood cells are located.it is      .

4.Progenitor cells are produced by dividing stem cells. These cells will eventually differentiate even further. Blood cells have a common progenitor cell. Describe the process that happens to these progenitor cells.

  The micrograph below shows E9 0d2bds ,.il va3(oftu .jcie. coli cells.


1.Identify the structure labelled I in the micrograph.

2.If the magnification of the image is x36,000 and the length of cell II in the image is 54 mm, calculate the actual length of cell II in micrometres (µm).The number=  µm.

3.State one feature, other than the structure labelled I, that can be used to identify the cells in this micrograph as prokaryotic cells.

  Which structure is fo;y6 eg;4 q;oxix-bl:. dwbhulund in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

  Mesophyll cells are found in plants. Plant cells have unique charawj4l )3 fkev:dcteristics that distinguish them from any3dfk)e :vwl j4 other cell type.

In the micrograph above, one of the cell parts is labelled X. What is the name of this structure?

  The micrograph shows a transverse section thro3z, 7m(lb nqtjjh/3vz ugh a leaf.



1.1.Identify an adaptation of this leaf for its function.

2.2.Identify the cell organelle that is found in particularly high numbers in the palisade mesophyll cells.
it is   .

This micrograph shows a transverse section through a pancreatic acinar cell. Acinar cells are found in the exocrine tissue of the pancreas.


2.1.Explain how the structure of this cell is related to the function of the synthesis of proteins for release from the cell.

2.2.State why an electron microscope is needed to view the ultrastructure of the acinar cells.

  Which row correctly describes the DNA and chromosomes of bactjp)g72opc xruu z67,terial cells?

  Cyanobacteria are prokaryotes that can perform photosyae3.jj2xgkt* nthesis. Which structural feature is common to both cyanobacter2x3 k. *gjjateia and plant cells?

  Which statement provides evidence for the elv 1 99mn,ws u,we:fupndosymbiotic theory?

  Which part of the cell is labelled with the lettwv3csr0 u ,mh3er P?

  What feature of chloroplasts provides evidence fo6.xlgk; itk:,t/g obo r the endosymbiotic theory?

  The micrograph shows an image of a plant cem z jxbcy0d::1r.gm: cll taken with a light microscope.

1.Calculate the magnification of the image, showing your work.
Magnification=   x

2.Label, with the letter N, a nucleus in the image.

3.The image was taken using a light microscope. State how you deduce this from the image.

4.Draw and label a diagram to show how the same type of plant cell shown in the micrograph would appear when examined with an electron microscope.

5.State two differences that would be seen when looking at an electron micrograph of a bacterium cell compared to this plant cell.

6.At first, the student who took this image could not see the cell when focusing the microscope. Suggest what may have caused this problem.

  The electron micrograph below shows a cell of the bacteg(n)t*oxq 0po9 k4 tum- tv1fgi:uf6 3m cmx0drium Vibrio cholerae. Which of the labelled structures maintains the cell’s shape and prot igpt)ttdox 0:u mfm3q4cv1(90* k6gf mx on-uects the cell from lysing during osmosis?

  Which process is most likely responsible for theksj jvl+1c i0v4::zhp origin of mitochondria as a eukaryot 0i+1sjv4::czpj vklhic cell organelle?

  Which organelle is the si/ro0ed1u5kpjk9j:cv 2 4vr o fte of protein synthesis?

The diagram below shows a cyanobacterium, Synechococcusayd(bc / z)z9hm)b ;uh elongatus.

1.1.State whether the cell shown in the microphotograph is eukaryotic or prokaryotic. Give a reason for your answer.

1.2.State two features found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell structures.

1.3.Identify the type of microscope which was used to produce the microphotograph above. Give a reason for your answer.

1.4.Describe the function of X.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum.

  1.1.Identify an organelle visible in the figure bel ujh-416 aa i5iz*k2w0aiskbjdg qc8:ow whose structure provides evidence for the endosymbio *d- 26:ua4i1 i cjqiak80a jzhwbs5kgtic theory.
organelle is   



1.2.Label with the letter S an example of the organelle that you named in part (i).

1.3.Describe three features of the organelle named in part (i) that support the endosymbiotic theory.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of a mitochondrion and typical prokaryote.

  Which statements about unicellular and multicelc2z3m) 9/igmzdc .aoclular organisms are correct?

Below is a diagram of a moxtv bdi/r+6,6,l jhettor neuron. Neurons are the longest cells in the human bodyhevt d +,,/rt x6jl6bi.



1.Explain the factors that limit cell size in humans.

2.Explain how life functions are performed by Paramecium.

  The following electron micrograph shows part of cxw4).0 kblzyaoj h/p4 sdz3-an exocrine pancreas cell. Which of the labelled strucsbo yl 3zkpzdxc4 4hw-.0)a /jtures is responsible for the production of vesicles for exocytosis?

All organisms contain geng;bkn lmd j *4d1;wd5netic material. The type, quantity and location of genetic mater4gddb*l;kd 1w5jn;n mial differ between kingdoms and species.

1.State if the cell shown in the image is a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell. Give a reason for your answer.



2.Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA.

3.Outline Cairns' technique for measuring the length of prokaryotic DNA.

  Which statements about chloroplasts and mitochondria support rg1c :j3 da7 dnxgmtd4z,mtdtg9b+* 4 the endosymbiotic the 4dndgr7zt b:m*dcm 3d+gx4 at9jtg1,ory?

1.Outline the steps in caellpls)5v,z+ sl5:hrl s -)mnw;s -qxlculating the magnification of a micrograph.

2.Describe the steps taken to focus on a specimen using the 40x objective lens of a light microscope.

  The diagram below sh)i(h fh393ao,kb oueu ows a cell.


1.1.Deduce with a reason, what type of cell this is.

1.2.Calculate the magnification of the cell.The magnification of the cell=   x.

1.3.Outline two functions of life carried out by the cell in the diagram.

2.1.State the type of microscope used to produce the image.

2.2.Explain your choice of microscope for part (i).

  Palisade mesophyll cells produce and release large amounts of eddu* :f(jpdb8c 5y9zax; 5hq carbohydrates. Which characteristics would youyh5q;ad5bfdd9j(:zxu *e 8 pc expect to observe in such cells?

The diagram below shows a cb6 xzq 29ux(20ae;iq ic/7tkiffzp4c ell.

1.1.Compare and contrast the structure of a mictochondrion with the structure of the cell shown in the diagram.

1.2.Explain why the cell in the diagram is structurally similar to a mitochondrion.

  Which statement applies to both mitochondriawelnso 0 hddc 5ei*69es3)t: a and prokaryotes?

  What is the correct magnif ;1.yunc7a8zh3nfue y,wi2f fication of this image?

  Which characteristic is not tru ha+ry7fqio rnay gf(:(ep/(.npi 36we for both mitochondria and chloroplasts?

  The electron micrograph shows a prokaryotic cell, Cyclotella litoralis. What i b lej17/l. hsm2wuw7zx 0q8jas the actual diameter of the c /jwu.7l qezlj whxas072b18m ell in this image?

  The electron micrograph shows an z 1d+xy7au jccup+ux d 7:81-lrk2nfsanimal cell.

  The electron micrograph shows a sarcomere, the smmdyun:/ lmf pe(t:,)j h w63ixallest functional unit of striatwnp3ih):m/f,ye u :jtm(x6l ded muscle tissue. What is the actual length between the two Z lines?

  Which organelle is formed by a vesicle derived from the cell memb hur; -fvw;.iea*+62q dvn bjl0ovqd;rane?

  Which organism contains oq1rduc(5j1c tu6x7+*ab dp zDNA in exactly two different organelles?

1.Outline one way unicellular organisms can carry out each of nutrition, movem 8kl98tp dtff22s4*/nu l/xa: fapjnb ent an at2a /:b2uldfnf4x8 pplk8n9j*/sft d excretion.

2.Draw a single mitochondrion, and annotate it to outline the role of four labelled structures.

3.Compare and contrast the structure of E. coli and a palisade mesophyll cell.

  What feature distinguishes fungal hyphae and striated muscle from the bb n * y:ow0qkzj9qe0.kr-, tdtwo cell tyyrt qnb0zk,9ej-kd:0 bw q.*opes shown in the images?