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习题练习:Unity and Diversity A.8 Evolution and Speciation



 作者: admin   总分: 25分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 24年01月01日 20:59  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The diagram shows the haploid number of chromosomes in am gm o)7s.thz x;ph0boi3+l )s gamete. What could be the polyploid numbers b)s lphi.)zx+;gmotm73o0 h of chromosomes for this organism?



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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The overall structure of the fin o.oah,r(x8a t c-wrj9sf a whale, in terms of bones and muscles, is similar to the overall structure of the limb of horses. What are these structuretcw,r-aor8h(aj 9 sx. s referred to as?

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following is the stront+zcf :w54d)5tr66i hll kp bwgest evidence supporting the hypothesis that two populations are two diff 5t+wwk pbl6 )4ri 5fdlt:6hczerent species?

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4#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
The male firefly (P. pyry9gg meri--/valis) signals to potential female mates by flashing its lights in specific patterns. Females will only respg gy- 9erv-mi/ond to light patterns produced by their own species.

1.Identify the form of reproductive isolation that fireflies exhibit. Justify your answer.

2.Suggest one possible advantage of this mating ritual.

3.All fireflies seen today have diverged from the same ancestral species. Explain how speciation is responsible for the large variety of firefly species.
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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What can result in speciation among oc+3e+ o.4trxi vthor 5rganisms living in the same location?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which describes the similarities and differences between isolating mechanismspau86l0 2 bvfk0dlp/ 0sfw7nt in sympatric v 7kt08awnlpbsp0lf 0 f/6u2dand allopatric speciation?

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following are often barriers cw2y,dq 7hy8f /hxpc5to hybridisation between species?
I. A given animal hybrid species has an even, as opposed to an odd number of chromosomes.
II. Two species of flowering plants produce gametes at different times of the year.
III. Behavioural barriers exist due to variations in bird song between species.

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which is a key difference between homologous and analogou hky/ e8r8e6ods structures?

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The table shows factors that c q-i9 5odp *mtnq zah x,48)9*fo gdyfqyfb1.xan result in speciation. Which word is matched to the correctqd15h*yztf4d9gp*a y bm iqfo.f 9x, x-n qo)8 definition?

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Shown in diagrams A and B are two pairs of 5wsm1ew .ylz p c0/2kgsimilar structures.

Which of the following statements correctly explain the structural similarities shown in diagrams A and B?
I. Structural similarities in diagram A are primarily due to random mutations, not common ancestry.
II. Structural similarities in diagram B are due to the fact that they both perform similar functions.
III. Diagram A depicts analogous structures, and diagram B depicts homologous structures.

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What sequence of events usually occur during the process 4j e 5gj2ub 2vicmz(5 8zrz)xzof speciation?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Triticum monococcum is an einkorn wheat and was the first domesticated crop. It vb.gkm +uex9 euxn 723k6c.wshas a diploid number of 14 chromosomes. Triticum turgidum is a durum wheat with a total of 28 chromosomes. It is a result of the hybridization of Triticum monococcum and another grass Aegilops speltoides which also has a diploid number of 14. What is the correct term for Triticum turgid+ m..gew b7vsx9ucun63k2e kxum in comparison to Triticum monococcum?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  It is thought that the sej.zjio68h8+ hi ) 1eq n+lhocongo river divided a population of the common ancestor of bonobos (Pan paniscus) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), resulting in geographic isolation. Which correctly pairs theoretical selection pressures and consequent adaptations of the two populho ins8+j+).j oezeq6l 1hi8hations?


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following provides evidence fordtv0 t 9n7 0yh8di6+:n ebsmhy evolution through selective breeding? mdb ts6eny i0v7hh+8n: d 90yt
I. Phenotypic variation in the domesticated dog (Canis familiaris) has increased significantly as a result of humans selecting desirable traits.
II. Crop yield in domesticated crop plants is significantly greater than their wild relatives.
III. Homo sapiens in many parts of the world have alleles that provide resistance to diseases endemic to their region.

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The base sequence between3ov7kuztzr ym uk 6dn/ 9z,iz/i,0g z4ew+ew + two species was found to be 78% the same, while the order of amino acids found in the same cell types between two species was 82ezi,wv/ m+4wdu096gut7k yzi3 ez k, o/zr+nz% the same. What may be the reason for this?

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When a horse, which has 64 chromosomes, and a donkey, whic):3rvam9;tqj k vw ji (lb/9 g,,naemth has 62 chromosomes reproduce, a mule offspring is produced. Which are correct descriptions of mulesaqmrt:(j/ 9k g,9 t;bj m,al)w3evinv?

I. Mules frequently produce offspring with other mules.
II. Cells in mules cannot undergo meiosis but can undergo mitosis.
III. Mule gametes have 63 chromosomes.

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17#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
A study has been conducted on dcn(9eg kw ./mthe effect of hormonal contraception pollution on the mating caewcd k9.n/( mglls of the adult male African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). The spectrogram shows the frequency and volume of clicks (mating call) of control X.laevis and those exposed to oestrogen.


1.Distinguish between the clicks in the spectrogram between the control X. laevis and the X. laevis treated with oestrogen in 1 second.

The graph shows the average duration of the X. laevis mating calls when exposed to the hormone oestrogen.


2.Describe the effect of oestrogen on the duration of the mating call.

3.Explain why it is important to have the X.laevis control group.

4.Identify the independent variable in this study.

5.1.Predict the reproductive success of X.laevis exposed to 29.6 ng/L of oestrogen.
5.2.Outline the possible consequences of oestrogen exposure on X. laevis.
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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is adaptive radiat/ 1-ibl9jjlm ).arpun ion?

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which statement best illustrates the process of evolution 18c 9q9h5p.nayin cof?

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two species of smartweed (genus Persicaria) hybridise and forl 9euk dnxs+b(8vb6 7eb y*a3ym a new species. If both of the parent species have two copies of each chromosome, how manyn7ae y6udslx*kev39 b8 b+ (by copies of each chromosome is a daughter species most likely to have?

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21#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
1.Compare and contrast natural selection and selective breedi0c02c ny0v6;3:ppf wfmds iu fng.

2.Using a named example, outline convergent evolution.

3.Using named examples, discuss the evidence which supports the theory of evolution.
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22#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
1.Outline how polyploidy results in reproductive isol4f9xhski60(mndfx n9 ation.

2.Discuss the evidence for the theories of gradualism and punctuated equilibrium.

3.Explain the reasons for changes in allele frequency in different populations.
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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which is most likely a cor 3ef7p5u,fkr uwy6, b 6agc1wrrect description of a given speciation event?



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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The diagram below shows the feeding areas of four species of warbler (genus Seto :, nj5f,ju-xbswn6c)9at rtophaga). What is the best explanation for how these warblers came to coexist in such close6r tb w,us9tc5afnx j-,oj:)n proximity?


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25#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
1.Adaptive radiation results in a single ancestral spp10-7k** khpx: o.kiex ) roa etgn02 idq4lccecies evolving into multiple, closely related new species which may live in close proximity to each other. Outline 3 me-rkpac*)c21pdx t *:o k7n he gl0kiei0.o4 xqchanisms by which closely related species living in close proximity may be reproductively isolated.

2.Outline the process by which two species may be formed from an ancestral population through the process of allopatric speciation.

3.Describe how sexual and asexual reproduction can lead to the formation of new species with different numbers of copies of each chromosome.
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