Which reaction converts monosaccharides into disq)d k+6abfqb 0imunxairvd / f*:pds+149 .nhaccharides?

  1.State the reaction that for4 +ib hkq e.-sy6avj)hms disaccharides from monosaccharides.
   OR dehydration synthesis

2.Draw the products of the reaction between the two monosaccharides shown in the diagram below.

  What is the substrate for the enzv9lthkj (e44vvwrii 7o(/xt1z -cv e5yme lactase?

  Biomolecules have diverse forms and structures. Which of the +mtb fq1) )xlyfollowing statements is faqxl ) +)ftby1mlse?

  A disaccharide is formed by a condensation re 2cmid:d6r .dqaction between a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule. Which mi:q dcrdd2.6 molecule fits this description?

  What bond is formed between two glucose molecules to form ma 5me:pip2sva*vw8u+ zltose?

  What is the product of t(m s iiklz0s8njvzl60 ;f; lm*his reaction?

  Which of the following isl tu dv,zwe7x-n4*: q r:ufxt/ a steroid?

  Which row in the taby-dp3c5m ,rwh le below correctly identifies the the constituents of the named macrod-5 r3hmywcp, molecules?

  The diagram below shows th a xh1x/8y 0lyej-xzxt.c e4e2e structure of 2 different monomers.



1.State the name of the following:

1.1.structure A:α-  
1.2.structure B:  

2.State the name of a polymer which contains the following molecules:

2.1.structure A:starch OR glycogen OR amylose OR amylopectin
2.2.structure B:ribonucleic acid OR   

1.Distinguish betweennwrycs3w.eb.pmi4rzj: ; wc6c6(r fia 6a 87h the formation and breaking down of a polymer.

2.Compare and contrast carbohydrates, lipids and proteins.

  Which statement(s) about starch and glycogen is/arw+ky(w +tc3wmm;6ck2bz f tp 6e correct?
I. Starch and glycogen are branched molecules.
II. Starch is made up β− glucose molecules but glycogen is made up of α− glucose molecules.
III. Starch and glycogen are energy storing polysaccharides.

  Which of the following is only able to trigger a response in a cell by bindirrj2a4 cx n9d2ng to a dj29r4a rc2xn receptor in the plasma membrane?

The micrograph shows a part of a plantcbm kext -6-/h cell from the leaf of Anemone sp.


1.Label structures in the plant cell above:

1.1.using the letter R where starch can be found;
1.2.using the letter S where lipids can be found;
1.3.using the letter T where cellulose can be found.

2.Compare and contrast between the structure and functions of glycogen and starch.

  Which molecule diagram isadf+m 1mpgcw3i ,o 7g) correctly matched to the name?

  Eating a healthy, balanced diet is important in orderpiw y6khhg /je ume(3 2*n0g2a to maintain overall health and a strong immune system. A healthy diet mhegjniwe( 3pa2y6*0ghm 2 k /ueans eating a wide variety of food whilst limiting the consumption of foods which are considered to be less healthy, such as those high in saturated fats.

In an investigation into the effects of diet on low-density lipoprotein levels (LDL) in the blood, scientists provided two groups of mice with varied diets. Each group was given 5g of food per day, containing a mixture of a standard food mix and either avocado or cheese. The ratios of the food were changed each day and blood LDL levels were recorded. The diets and results are shown in the tables and graph.



1.1.Describe the impact on blood LDL levels when feeding mice diets supplemented with avocado or cheese.

1.2.Explain the differences between results from both groups.

1.3.Suggest a reason for the trend shown in LDL levels in group one.

2.State which group is most at risk of heart disease and stroke. Give a reason for your answer.

3.1.Suggest one advantage of using mice in this experiment instead of humans.

3.2.State one variable, not mentioned in the question, which would need to be controlled in this experiment in order to achieve valid results.

4.For mice fed with cheese, calculate how many times greater the LDL levels were on day 5 compared to day 2.
Day 2 =  

  Which molecules form a trv +og*1eks utqzs4iv3cs t 4g0xcyux37d /y9;iglyceride?

Distinguish between the structure of cellulose, s9g*fiuw)3stux 8pe8 mtarch and glycogen.

  Which molecule is shown in the d*o1j q7hc-q hviagram below?

  Which monosaccharides are matc,. 5 5uevzn43zfcuvmahed to incorrect disaccharides?

  Which of the following is the correct composition of the nama.iifx-1erg ( whyzj:5g 5d; wed polysaccharide?

  Which of the following 0viqzpj44 hlse.d 57 gstatements describes alpha-Linolenate, as depicted in the diagrav5e i0q.ph 4z4jgl7sdm below?

Molecules used in metabolism can be cx d2gc /k *hefopl7)i-ty,;x nlassified as carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. These molecules are often broken down into simpler units which are then involved in different metaboed,n7;*tx2/ ki chfo)lpg - yxlic reactions.

1.Identify two disaccharides and the monomers from which they are formed.

2.Draw a labeled molecular diagram to show a generalized amino acid.

3.Discuss the theory of vitalism and its falsification.

1.Palmitic acid is an example of a saturated fatty acid with a 16 *v g4.h2*g+cx 7:zk- htjqujfd* nfxycarbon chain. Draw tzckghn4dtff*yv*-q . u*+hj2 7 :gx xjhe structure of a palmitic acid.

2.Testosterone is a steroid hormone, which is carried in the blood. Explain how, when testosterone reaches its target cells, it brings about its effect on the DNA of that cell.

3.Explain how the structure of cellulose and glycogen are related to their functions.