Which of the following statements about the effectc0lv zh3;;xgf of surface area and volume on the cell’s processez3 ; xc0;lgfvhs is false?

  Which statement bestf(da( 9gnt(:em rye 6r describes stem cells?

  Which is a correct description of the(w*c+ dudgv jbe ;c.z5 cell type adapted for gas exchange in the luvbc ;de +z(u.gc5dw*jngs?

  Which of the following explains htxys (0a4(jzthe limitations on cell size?

  What is this cell's most likely primary function, and where coukxkrtekgb .ro 76*m+4 ld it be located in akorkt47e+ b.mgkx*r6 mammal?

  Which of the following characteristics of type I pnadu js6u gfr4w7h3 b+9eumocytes contribute to increasing the rah 7+4 9d6agsuru3wjfbte of gas exchange?
I.
Cells are flattened
II.
Secretion of a surfactant
III.
Cover less than 10% of the alveolar surface

  A patient receives a bone marrow transplant from a 36 y7mxk*06 m lxuzear old. One of the functions of these cells is to produce red and white blk7l0mmzx ux6*ood cells. What type of stem cells has the patient received?

  Based on the Venn diagram, which identifies cardiac muscle cells tk,l u/fvbyl4dx :c/8 and striated mukb, yl8/cx4l: dv f/tuscle fibres?

Below is a diagram of,ccbs(d8m9vb6c xedh4/ ema2 a motor neuron. Neurons are the longest cells in the human bodyes 2b6hc,c/m9(edd48vxc a mb .
1.Explain the factors that limit cell size in humans.
2.Explain how life functions are performed by Paramecium.

Premature babies sometimes suffer from infa/a+zi(:cnn gb nt respiratory distress syndrome, which could be causa(czg n b/n+:ied by a lack of sufficient surfactant in the pulmonary alveoli. The diagram below shows two different alveoli structures.


1.Describe one feature of the surfactant.

2.Suggest a treatment for infant respiratory distress syndrome.

3.Draw a labelled diagram of the structures in an alveolus that are important for gas exchange.

  Which of the following is a vsj)a48u vrh 8reason that embryonic stem cells are not used in the treatm8a hr4sjv8)uvent of leukaemia?

  The table shows the diameters h) jran(32g3a0 cm qz +.pt1+sudi nheof red blood cells from different organisms. Which red blood cell will have the highest surface)ihach3ampn+ u. j3z0qe 2 gd(+n1 rts area to volume ratio?

1.Explain how the shape of erythrocytes and cells lining t gs:n2(khpj +q 3zb3z+epxd8the proximal convoluted tubule mak x23zjh p+zsg(e8qn+: tdb3 pke these cells more adapted to the functions they perform.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of striated muscle cells and cardiac muscle fibres.

3.Explain how the structure of egg and sperm cells are adapted to their functions.

  Which statements about embryonic stem cells and specialised celld. 7oh6i tlyz6h*8cpl1(muhm s is/are not true?7i* hmymdht8c 6u6 pllo1.hz(

I. Embryonic stem cells have higher levels of DNA methylation than differentiated cells
II. Specialised cells are more differentiated than embryonic stem cells
III. Most specialised cells and embryonic stem cells both contain the entire genome of an organism

  In humans, which of the following is the correct orderg-0nu*eo*,p w1x)j4jixmnl h from smallest to largest?w** hemuxj 1)npngio,04j- xl

  Which row in the following table gives z)zp*va 1sxq8s, ek 2pthe correct disadvantages of the different stem cell sources for therapeutic s2 *zaxqz1k e,spp)v8uses?

1.Describe how the use of stem cells may be used3lcsxi;f,te 5b0l m+p to treat type I diabetes in the futu05;tf+b pcxl3sei l m,re.

2.Explain the factors that limit cell size in humans.

3.Explain how red blood cells and striated muscle fibres are adapted to their function.

Below are diagrams of specialised cells (not to scale).4 zo+staa z/z/

1.Put these cells in order of size, from the smallest to the largest.

2.Compare and contrast totipotent, pluripotent and multipotent stem cells.