Which part of the synovial joikn;s 3o. i9(xbrsny:w nt envelops the synovial fluid?

  The diagram below represents a sarcomere. Which structures are lw ys.80i/jpw sabeled I and II ?s. sy/ip0jww 8

  The diagram below shows a sys3r) i37b 1yoje l+w; balx7fanovial joint.

1.Identify structures labelled I and II.
I :   ;II:  .
2.Describe the role of each of the structures identified in (a).

  Which of these statements are true for syngfqoq /: ips7/ovial joints?
I. The joint capsule produces synovial fluid
II. Synovial joints can move in one direction (plane)
III. Ligaments connect one bone to another

  Which type of ion binds to filaments in thestn,fksglmi y w/ ,;i8g 8hj8) sarcomere to initiate the process of muscle contraction? ,)j k ggs8/ 8,shminl8tiy;wf

  Which feature allows insects, such as crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus), to ju0j1ar,xi- ws smp verxr s1,-swaj 0iy high?

  The diagram shows a Zebra (Equus quagga). Which is n8n4pr ew3bpw3lv1osf,()m hv 3e8 65a kfpeqhot a reason for it to move?

  Which of the following brie,gipr: )uo.bngs about movement of the skeleton?

  The photo shows an Australian shelduck (Tadorna wesdq9 ( z yboeg)c9(9 k59uzzg3d:(ine(xke tadornoides).
Which is not a feature that is adapted to aid in locomotion?

The image shows an African daisy (Osteospermum acanthospermum), a sessile o1b.l6r2 sh zdfb3zd;ne0o z4v rganism and a Humboldt penguin (Sphzen b3sz1vd2fo4 l;6 0.hbrdz eniscus humboldti), a motile organism.


1.State one way that a daisy moves.

2.State two life processes other than movement that the two organisms have in common.

3.Explain three adaptations that the penguin has for efficient movement in water and on land.

4.In order to reproduce, the penguin may have to travel to find a mate.

4.1.Outline one advantage of travelling to find a mate.

4.2.Outline one disadvantage of travelling to find a mate.

5.State two reasons other than reproduction that the penguin may need to travel.

  The diagram below represents two sarcomeres. Which structure shortens during zup3k x e1 k95g9f+2qvtrve,i musclk519,3+i92 tfqrezuxkv ve gp e contraction?

  Which animal forelimb is adapted for swimmi.naqsk2(b1)qaa:cxmg )bhne z1yg hskh 6+:-ng?

  Which of the following statements relates to m ;kur1sk3+ifx0xufs*y5l9 o hyofibrils?

1.Outline how antagonistic muscles move g ukb7(n91.ebw 8 ljwxjoints, giving an example.

2.Describe how skeletal muscle fibres are adapted for their function.

  Which statement(s) are true for ATP hydrolz1d9 31ujx.oqpv ,4 s,jocxlyysis during muscle contraction?
I. ATP is hydrolysed by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
II. ATP hydrolysis causes myosin heads to move into the ready position
III. ATP hydrolysis causes the cross-bridges to break

1.Distinguish between a myofibril,iwh:gw96*6emburk(.uq h v )9z yy8yx the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the sarcolemma. e9w k 6yuhrmz*i(g9h6.x )8y:b yv wqu

2.Outline the proteins involved in muscle contraction.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.

  Which row shows the correct.px i5(dv,x r.eqrxhdv fo733 sequence of events in muscle contraction?

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarco-9* okbwg w/uzplasmic reticulum and the sarcolemma/*9 bzokgwu- w.

2.Outline the different proteins and their position in the sarcomere when the muscle is relaxed.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.