Which part of the synovial joint envelops the synovzsn4 :vix:bq:fp v16 +djtzx3me x 3j-ial fluid?

  The diagram below represents a sarcomere. Whicf wbw(ot 24v8j: ia.a7 5lg f9zdtdnc*h structures are labeled I and II ? l5 (7dt wfg2i8:wv*.t9zo fn4ba jcad

  The diagram below shows a synovi-btn:odc4f/y al joint.

1.Identify structures labelled I and II.
I :   ;II:  .
2.Describe the role of each of the structures identified in (a).

  Which of these statements are true for synorb s,/oq8ik- *pgu;bs37 mwx rvial joints?
I. The joint capsule produces synovial fluid
II. Synovial joints can move in one direction (plane)
III. Ligaments connect one bone to another

  Which type of ion binds to filaments in the sarcomere to initi hb y36c gy)by52tg*thate the process of g5btcg)2t3y*hhy 6bymuscle contraction?

  Which feature allows insects, such as crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus), to jump ve) a mu;0hex3npry high aep )umhn;0x3?

  The diagram shows a Zebra (Equus quagga). Which is not a reason inzk45m99l dyfor it to move?

  Which of the following brings about r;fh 7v27 uw2rjimw x+movement of the skeleton?

  The photo shows an Australian shelduck (Tadorna tadorno /z7ho7b cx+gm;xhhw-zaauul+8 .6zm ides).
Which is not a feature that is adapted to aid in locomotion?

The image shows an African dai0a9 h 34- dlctbitpir0sy (Osteospermum acanthospermum), a sessile organism and a Humboldi c3ip00dl9ba 4 rht-tt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti), a motile organism.


1.State one way that a daisy moves.

2.State two life processes other than movement that the two organisms have in common.

3.Explain three adaptations that the penguin has for efficient movement in water and on land.

4.In order to reproduce, the penguin may have to travel to find a mate.

4.1.Outline one advantage of travelling to find a mate.

4.2.Outline one disadvantage of travelling to find a mate.

5.State two reasons other than reproduction that the penguin may need to travel.

  The diagram below represents two sarcomeres. Which strucv +xulx;s+ p56pc2pstture shortens during muscle ctvs ls2;+p +ppx65ucx ontraction?

  Which animal forelimb is adap 7ewkik8x89i ited for swimming?

  Which of the following statements relates to myof-.fff -+it 7yssn zfj,ibrils?

1.Outline how antagonistic muscles m 6peq( 7alcy rznu;1z8ulfu +z14r/q cove joints, giving an example.

2.Describe how skeletal muscle fibres are adapted for their function.

  Which statement(s) are true for ATP hydrolysis during muscle contrz9vl2+znn w(laction?
I. ATP is hydrolysed by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
II. ATP hydrolysis causes myosin heads to move into the ready position
III. ATP hydrolysis causes the cross-bridges to break

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarcoplasmic bqj03*9m7 h gl. jycbdreticulum and the sarcolemma. jcbdgl*9j hq7b0.ym3

2.Outline the proteins involved in muscle contraction.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.

  Which row shows the correct s h3 pxfib pinq.8e/s53c mv:8nequence of events in muscle contraction?

1.Distinguish between a myofxqe-o:+w18tjk gz a mxi6 +6pgibril, the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the sarcolemma. +ge+iogw1 t kajq:zm86px-6x

2.Outline the different proteins and their position in the sarcomere when the muscle is relaxed.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.