Which part of the synovdko*(- riexm y/8p5 ygial joint envelops the synovial fluid?

  The diagram below represents a sarcomere. Which structures are(e*fv l t1 wm45kix5it labeled I and II ?4(iw*ktvmle5tif x1 5

  The diagram below shows a synovial-ak1 cmg uho1: joint.

1.Identify structures labelled I and II.
I :   ;II:  .
2.Describe the role of each of the structures identified in (a).

  Which of these statements are tjao7..+o7 0jf4/ ivbok(iqigbkpg1c rue for synovial joints?
I. The joint capsule produces synovial fluid
II. Synovial joints can move in one direction (plane)
III. Ligaments connect one bone to another

  Which type of ion binds to filaments in the55xn1ulw2wvqt4s 2u wz 2 7e assgc,4j sarcomere to initiate the process of muscle contraction zn2xu,2c5 1gej4l4s5vsaqwtw2 7s uw?

  Which feature allows insects, such as crickets (Gryllus t.c/)1 s qcpdtbimaculatus), to jump vestc.) q1 tpc/dry high?

  The diagram shows a Zebra (Equus quagga). Which is not a reason for aiun; 5g9(s stit to move?

  Which of the following brings about movement of thnc;.d5zpio) b+ j2efs e skeleton?

  The photo shows an Australi 1xz c,7r;0aqov; zj/fgtepf1an shelduck (Tadorna tadornoides).
Which is not a feature that is adapted to aid in locomotion?

The image shows an African daisy (Ooq,e-vv+h7 f 6l9qz dbsteospermum acanthospermum), a sessile organism and a Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti), a motile organisho+qf7dbvvl9z-e 6,q m.


1.State one way that a daisy moves.

2.State two life processes other than movement that the two organisms have in common.

3.Explain three adaptations that the penguin has for efficient movement in water and on land.

4.In order to reproduce, the penguin may have to travel to find a mate.

4.1.Outline one advantage of travelling to find a mate.

4.2.Outline one disadvantage of travelling to find a mate.

5.State two reasons other than reproduction that the penguin may need to travel.

  The diagram below represents two sarcomeres. Which structure shortens aa .32;xw0sceu+k(rzla -nruduring muscle contraction? wcl3k+ r-r e(z; aaux20 suna.

  Which animal forelimb is adapted k, 6dxw )dn/yvn641uk8s;y nef6izyp for swimming?

  Which of the following statements relates to myofibril ng)h7)lc of1hs?

1.Outline how antagonistic muscles move joi(,5b tecwwl r1nts, giving an example.

2.Describe how skeletal muscle fibres are adapted for their function.

  Which statement(s) are true for ATP hydrolysis during muscle )ne8s oish08xh9 i j,-tkt 8.1jdkmkkcontraction?
I. ATP is hydrolysed by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
II. ATP hydrolysis causes myosin heads to move into the ready position
III. ATP hydrolysis causes the cross-bridges to break

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarcoplasmic reti0vo9 wf9i,x7h-au q5(qfx rrkie -6a aemlf3+culum and the sarcolemma 9f rkq 3wl9--7hmeuxrqa aiaff6oi vx,0+e 5(.

2.Outline the proteins involved in muscle contraction.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.

  Which row shows the correct sequence of events in muscle contrsg5zg-6s *llzsrs :9d action?

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sa y6 /uyxp5yoo k:0bed++zx f/lrcoplasmic reticulum and the sarcolemmax0 y+l5ek uo / +6ypx:fo/byzd.

2.Outline the different proteins and their position in the sarcomere when the muscle is relaxed.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.