Which part of the synovial joint envelops t0aeh 82) j 6madz4xrulhe synovial fluid?

  The diagram below represents a sarcomere. Which str5r w7ssu(h)o.m aknrk he26q.uctures are labeled I and II okhh ns2 )s marrew5(6k..7u q?

  The diagram below shows a synovial joint. 9+ovn8cdjw riov:2b7

1.Identify structures labelled I and II.
I :   ;II:  .
2.Describe the role of each of the structures identified in (a).

  Which of these statements are trp4e - f(8qzqzeue for synovial joints?
I. The joint capsule produces synovial fluid
II. Synovial joints can move in one direction (plane)
III. Ligaments connect one bone to another

  Which type of ion binds tz )l tluzi(x89o filaments in the sarcomere to initiate the process of muscle contracux)tlz8 i (l9ztion?

  Which feature allows insects, su vwm 2k g3bh+ zm9((s9ig6lkz/rphpb-ch as crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus), to jump very highm( -/69g2h+ (zi ppv bkm9hwlkr g3zbs?

  The diagram shows a Zebra (Equus quagga). Which is not a u21q ezy8 cw iz2an7ri5i*8rlreason for it to move?

  Which of the following brings about movj.*r0e hkb6 g bt7jve;ya:sb/ement of the skeleton?

  The photo shows an Au(bflpgn16;g lstralian shelduck (Tadorna tadornoides).
Which is not a feature that is adapted to aid in locomotion?

The image shows an African daisy (Osteospermum acanthospermum), a sessile jt/t2*vq aqix6 h6ml.zsa ; f*organism and a Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humbh x;z2 / *aivtl 6j*ms6qtfa.qoldti), a motile organism.


1.State one way that a daisy moves.

2.State two life processes other than movement that the two organisms have in common.

3.Explain three adaptations that the penguin has for efficient movement in water and on land.

4.In order to reproduce, the penguin may have to travel to find a mate.

4.1.Outline one advantage of travelling to find a mate.

4.2.Outline one disadvantage of travelling to find a mate.

5.State two reasons other than reproduction that the penguin may need to travel.

  The diagram below represents two sarcomeres. Which st9n:28o(deo 6 nxqk7n+ 3 nec6 guycifxructure shortens during muscle contracqex7gfi 98(oye: nnndxc2o nc6 6 uk3+tion?

  Which animal forelimb is adapt+ppyic/64mj+ zu1ms ged for swimming?

  Which of the following statements g ys; 8c2(8fxx7ge ofirelates to myofibrils?

1.Outline how antagonistic muscles 7 u- gvsj66v o;sedfl,v xg0t)move joints, giving an example.

2.Describe how skeletal muscle fibres are adapted for their function.

  Which statement(s) are true for ATP hydrolysis durinh2:(5gcm9e a:qrpixb1 7c ketg muscle contraction?
I. ATP is hydrolysed by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
II. ATP hydrolysis causes myosin heads to move into the ready position
III. ATP hydrolysis causes the cross-bridges to break

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the sarcolhfmz;7 :nz*;, gep, qlvv/kdkemma vl*,nm7 hq;zedk;/gk:f p,vz.

2.Outline the proteins involved in muscle contraction.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.

  Which row shows the corson 9i+ja1 j4vrect sequence of events in muscle contraction?

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarcoplas4 vznc8c6yj 0vmic reticulum and the sarcolemma.8znc406jv vcy

2.Outline the different proteins and their position in the sarcomere when the muscle is relaxed.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.