Which part of the synovial jointno9h 52w; 4zydscefb,e() gpy*ji0is4twlj2 envelops the synovial fluid?

  The diagram below represents a sarcomere. Which y),ep fffvui8qyof w)l q6,w61 gn.4b structures are labeled I and II ? w6 b.1i flg4,6feynf ,vqpuw)oq y f)8

  The diagram below sho(h ij0(dpdg (uws a synovial joint.

1.Identify structures labelled I and II.
I :   ;II:  .
2.Describe the role of each of the structures identified in (a).

  Which of these statements are tru pe (fo k) 5+lxc/ l(f)htcudg.2sc/hre for synovial joints?
I. The joint capsule produces synovial fluid
II. Synovial joints can move in one direction (plane)
III. Ligaments connect one bone to another

  Which type of ion binds to rx*1mtiwj2 r:wx(z. jfilaments in the sarcomere to initiate the process of muscle it2w 1j(zr*mj.wr:xxcontraction?

  Which feature allows insects, such as crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus), to jump x jwbuqg+ez1,04 vl:lcdj 4i2very hij4vuq01lzc:jl ix w42 g,de+bgh?

  The diagram shows a Zebra (Equus q0; uz p w8cnd3v1brj,iuagga). Which is not a reason for it to move?

  Which of the following brings about movement of ther r*.ohs yp:02wvcervv oq 5x45;a vu3 skeleton?

  The photo shows an Australian shelduck (Tadornawc4lp.pej06-lj1 d 8ttt wwo : tadornoides).
Which is not a feature that is adapted to aid in locomotion?

The image shows an African daisy (Osteospermum acanthospermum), a sessile organi-dg-s h/g7izdep,m ) wsm and a Humboldt penguin (Spheni)d -/gzdh smpie gw,-7scus humboldti), a motile organism.


1.State one way that a daisy moves.

2.State two life processes other than movement that the two organisms have in common.

3.Explain three adaptations that the penguin has for efficient movement in water and on land.

4.In order to reproduce, the penguin may have to travel to find a mate.

4.1.Outline one advantage of travelling to find a mate.

4.2.Outline one disadvantage of travelling to find a mate.

5.State two reasons other than reproduction that the penguin may need to travel.

  The diagram below represents two sarcomeres. Which struc3 *b9szf8xpv* tbun .rture shortens during muscle contrz9t8sv3npu **bbr f. xaction?

  Which animal forelimb is adapted for swimmingw 31:iep5 ahcr?

  Which of the following statements relates to myofibrkz u,jo wk4mr+*ld 6p* dmh1s1ils?

1.Outline how antagonistic muscles move jjxg5 m75 - ;1jaafefsdx8r4gd oints, giving an example.

2.Describe how skeletal muscle fibres are adapted for their function.

  Which statement(s) are true for ATP hydx ofrp,k+.ayrchv12 0a en1p+ rolysis during muscle contraction?
I. ATP is hydrolysed by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
II. ATP hydrolysis causes myosin heads to move into the ready position
III. ATP hydrolysis causes the cross-bridges to break

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarcoplasmi( lp 9claf1j6ec reticulum and the sarcolemma. e(l6jl9 pc1af

2.Outline the proteins involved in muscle contraction.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.

  Which row shows the correct sequence of events in muscle contraction? 4z92y(1.sqwguz t a ye

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarcoplasmic reticulu +jvm md1a8/re mpn7r/8ugn8 lm and the sarcolemma. g+vdnne88 um/l/ 1r r87j mmpa

2.Outline the different proteins and their position in the sarcomere when the muscle is relaxed.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.