Which part of the synovial joint envelops the synovial fluid? -sx x*jn:g /i)cm axs8

  The diagram below represents a sarcomere. Which structures are li) zsbv,)mbj+-9 x np4pcca /uabeled I and II ? n+vzcp/)- x)4mjubi9bp ,acs

  The diagram below shows a sdd p )m3szgzall z5.))ynovial joint.

1.Identify structures labelled I and II.
I :   ;II:  .
2.Describe the role of each of the structures identified in (a).

  Which of these statements are true for s t/*. vbj5xkredi *r7xynovial joints?
I. The joint capsule produces synovial fluid
II. Synovial joints can move in one direction (plane)
III. Ligaments connect one bone to another

  Which type of ion binds to filamentsw.am- 5rikpnw z6s/7dv r9ege a 2ky1) in the sarcomere to initiate the process of muscle c-w/k5r 6epmir2 naa 1 kv.e)dyzgws79ontraction?

  Which feature allows insects, such as crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus), becuh0 ,u1ly+s q+k( ;:hcn iato jump very nuk se+l:1b(+hq,yci ah;0uc high?

  The diagram shows a Zeb ebtlsh03+okxb) d-e/ra (Equus quagga). Which is not a reason for it to move?

  Which of the following brings about mov ow dahzu;n4smakg( -gar3/-7ement of the skeleton?

  The photo shows an Australian shelduck (Tadorna tadornoides).ho.3 l3/)n :-qqwa2icokdfs mkq ,*pt
Which is not a feature that is adapted to aid in locomotion?

The image shows an African daisy (Osteospermum acanthospermum), akxvl.7pa.( 9mhuzo 8 knt1z.i sessile organism and a Humboldt penk (hvz89pkl7ua.ot.. zmn1i xguin (Spheniscus humboldti), a motile organism.


1.State one way that a daisy moves.

2.State two life processes other than movement that the two organisms have in common.

3.Explain three adaptations that the penguin has for efficient movement in water and on land.

4.In order to reproduce, the penguin may have to travel to find a mate.

4.1.Outline one advantage of travelling to find a mate.

4.2.Outline one disadvantage of travelling to find a mate.

5.State two reasons other than reproduction that the penguin may need to travel.

  The diagram below represents two sarcomeres. W d(8ebryzju yw;z:q93hich structure shortens during muscle contracti(erzby;9 ud 8qw 3yzj:on?

  Which animal forelimb is adapted for swimming? *w0jvb *h zh1b0 kkb9c+h9j lpcff3,e

  Which of the following statements relates to myofibrils?8.et bxws6w/v

1.Outline how antagonistic muscles movyour(227f3/wu 3fzo v -v7yyc z //mayen.ndbe joints, giving an example.

2.Describe how skeletal muscle fibres are adapted for their function.

  Which statement(s) are true for ATP hydrolysis during muscle contraction? 1lh*) 2*aerj/ojnuq u
I. ATP is hydrolysed by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
II. ATP hydrolysis causes myosin heads to move into the ready position
III. ATP hydrolysis causes the cross-bridges to break

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarcoplasmic reticulumyp wz8.+/--tvi woojw and the sarcolemma.yw+po8- t- vzww.ioj/

2.Outline the proteins involved in muscle contraction.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.

  Which row shows the correct sequence of events in muscle contraction911wf6tek gyzu ;lxid 6kb6/ f?

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarcoplasmicwk;r yf,udmw j/ny0i7z:t; *-regqw , reticulum and the sarcolemma. ywt :;-/w7f;z, mu*, eyidjr0ngwk qr

2.Outline the different proteins and their position in the sarcomere when the muscle is relaxed.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.