Which part of the synovial joint envelops the synovialp,zuf:9a6oktiq o6 314vawg b fluid?

  The diagram below represents a sarcomere. Which structures are labeled Ic 2c1lfgt,,ow and II ? 1 tw,cfcog2l,

  The diagram below shows a synovial jointh. )by1,f kfeu.

1.Identify structures labelled I and II.
I :   ;II:  .
2.Describe the role of each of the structures identified in (a).

  Which of these statemenv;1 hp96l;6doh 1 jyl e5h- auytpvdwy n1y,q7ts are true for synovial joints?
I. The joint capsule produces synovial fluid
II. Synovial joints can move in one direction (plane)
III. Ligaments connect one bone to another

  Which type of ion bindoq4 mk+2yn h2 tg84bu.xej2ho s to filaments in the sarcomere to initiate the process of muscle conjmtox g.4 2q +hk4nob28heuy2traction?

  Which feature allows insects, such as crickets (Gryllus qkvj e9c(kc h5j8)e e:bimaculatus), to jump very j he :9)k ckcqeve8j(5high?

  The diagram shows a Zebra (Equus quagga). Which is not a reason)wc6 x6kp.+fz 4s)dwuq s;q ulskha*slx ;:3k for it to move?

  Which of the following brings about movement of +a559dkl c zso*e 0v1kgdr+nmthe skeleton?

  The photo shows an Australian shel(j7c)s rvj3 mkqn 6 (p(ecfjx;duck (Tadorna tadornoides).
Which is not a feature that is adapted to aid in locomotion?

The image shows an African daisy (Osteospermi hvos+a wzl4i8k4)0lum acanthospermum), a sessile organism and a Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldtsvo4hl liw40 a+k z)8ii), a motile organism.


1.State one way that a daisy moves.

2.State two life processes other than movement that the two organisms have in common.

3.Explain three adaptations that the penguin has for efficient movement in water and on land.

4.In order to reproduce, the penguin may have to travel to find a mate.

4.1.Outline one advantage of travelling to find a mate.

4.2.Outline one disadvantage of travelling to find a mate.

5.State two reasons other than reproduction that the penguin may need to travel.

  The diagram below represents two sarcomeres. Which structurnp8qk a..ahrh1)mzji:sr.wb0d x7 + be shortens during muscle contractrb p bi7h dmha)8s0k q+x:wrza..n.1j ion?

  Which animal forelimb is adapted f pd ypl2nn60hui3 6:whor swimming?

  Which of the following statemkcu4 d8bk+s 36 emkyb(ents relates to myofibrils?

1.Outline how antagonistic muscles mov e0y /ry5lh+nhe joints, giving an example.

2.Describe how skeletal muscle fibres are adapted for their function.

  Which statement(s) are true for ATP hydrolysis irerh.h6w u o/zs4o /dn4z5g*during muscle contraction?
I. ATP is hydrolysed by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
II. ATP hydrolysis causes myosin heads to move into the ready position
III. ATP hydrolysis causes the cross-bridges to break

1.Distinguish between a myofibaof u.rbyiym9.. *o;fq gz828czp)jo ril, the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the sarcolemma.y g o.amzq*2j8.p8 zr9cf )u;yiboof.

2.Outline the proteins involved in muscle contraction.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.

  Which row shows the correct sequence u5r2.x skwq 4wi6hi2 sof events in muscle contraction?

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, tz5/dc )q fx/tpk5+9e1z9rxzkx0ci kv he sarcoplasmic reticulum and the sarcolemma. dp9qe5 9z0+cx / xt5xkk1v/ziz rkcf)

2.Outline the different proteins and their position in the sarcomere when the muscle is relaxed.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.