Which part of the synovial joint envelops the synovial f2syt1oukh4o- dw2m qzle 2)5gluid?

  The diagram below represents a sarcomere. W(xayt*+gfl8h 8xo* rp hich structures are labeled I and II ? ap+ gxr l x8oh(*8tf*y

  The diagram below shows a synoviaf8e1q y0zghbqc0;u f;l joint.

1.Identify structures labelled I and II.
I :   ;II:  .
2.Describe the role of each of the structures identified in (a).

  Which of these statements cqs)e..44 c w oz+v87s kaaa8tpx *ktyare true for synovial joints?
I. The joint capsule produces synovial fluid
II. Synovial joints can move in one direction (plane)
III. Ligaments connect one bone to another

  Which type of ion binds to filaments in the sarcomere to i + qu;0/i1zm 9o 4xjqld:93japl rxm2fk/frob nitiate the process of musc49k i2l0ro /qru: pz1qal/ j xd9 ;mo3fjxb+mfle contraction?

  Which feature allows insects,l gk6rsx yb- se xf)z4p8u-:v, such as crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus), to jump very highxk:euvsblr-ys8) g,x6fp z4 -?

  The diagram shows a Zebra (Equus quagga). Which z qera9j;d4km7.r. svhn1j/tis not a reason for it to move?

  Which of the followiw8yln)cz crosvy07 vewf(zqk +t-7 39ng brings about movement of the skeleton?

  The photo shows an Australian shel5 esq-bmba.:s,ez1et duck (Tadorna tadornoides).
Which is not a feature that is adapted to aid in locomotion?

The image shows an African daisy (Osteospermum acan r*0wihh. 83vrr *eznjrmm -( *v5skjmthospermum), a sessile organism and a Humboldt phrs-. j 3vmrkihmw(v**zr jne *r0m58enguin (Spheniscus humboldti), a motile organism.


1.State one way that a daisy moves.

2.State two life processes other than movement that the two organisms have in common.

3.Explain three adaptations that the penguin has for efficient movement in water and on land.

4.In order to reproduce, the penguin may have to travel to find a mate.

4.1.Outline one advantage of travelling to find a mate.

4.2.Outline one disadvantage of travelling to find a mate.

5.State two reasons other than reproduction that the penguin may need to travel.

  The diagram below represents two sarcomeres. Which structure s5lwjr: jm9 c;thortens during muscle contraction;:5m9twl jc rj?

  Which animal forelimb is adapted for/*2s ft+ qkdjf swimming?

  Which of the following statements relajt 5 yud,;u;mates to myofibrils?

1.Outline how antagonistic muscles move r2xfi6u 68,onq hn 2etjoints, giving an example.

2.Describe how skeletal muscle fibres are adapted for their function.

  Which statement(s) are true for ATP hydrolysis during muscle contractioece:ln6 /ibnd6yw bok38+py 0n?
I. ATP is hydrolysed by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
II. ATP hydrolysis causes myosin heads to move into the ready position
III. ATP hydrolysis causes the cross-bridges to break

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarcoplanb)7um13t5s/ai qi.dj* nmu zsmic reticulum and the sarcolemmaz)q um n7i1b*t3/m.5njis d ua.

2.Outline the proteins involved in muscle contraction.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.

  Which row shows the correct sequence of evem/a t0y)tefys 2ou0 t1rig, /lnts in muscle contraction?

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, thebyv +5u(4xj mki2 uim/ sarcoplasmic reticulum and the sarcolemma.ibxu/4i+v2 jk(m yu5m

2.Outline the different proteins and their position in the sarcomere when the muscle is relaxed.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.