Which part of the synovial joint envelops the synovial fluid?m +)9 hl6k//hcris;k2mlamh p

  The diagram below represents a sarcomere. Which structures are+(/wlajll k ki3di* *f labeled I and II ?kl ifl+d3iwl/*k *j( a

  The diagram below showsqboh2p :x8/lu a synovial joint.

1.Identify structures labelled I and II.
I :   ;II:  .
2.Describe the role of each of the structures identified in (a).

  Which of these statements are true for synovial joints uxxn, ,m4h5hm7yce ma.) va0m?
I. The joint capsule produces synovial fluid
II. Synovial joints can move in one direction (plane)
III. Ligaments connect one bone to another

  Which type of ion binds to filaments in the sarcomere to initi, fz+k*lre(j yate the process of musc* ez j+(kr,yflle contraction?

  Which feature allows insects, c9.+2y 2urwkuich i3n such as crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus), to jump verhcyui.r392w +nu k2 ciy high?

  The diagram shows a Zebra (Equus quagga)mv zffw2qby85t/*bv/- 17i a m0lz mmm. Which is not a reason for it to move?

  Which of the following emq7 /f) pvi0kbrings about movement of the skeleton?

  The photo shows an Australian shelduck (Tadorna tadornoides).xq3 dgmtqfux+*z2 )j0
Which is not a feature that is adapted to aid in locomotion?

The image shows an African daisy (Osteospermu2t ahygy*/w f+m acanthospermum), a sessile organism and a Hu+t wy 2ygha*f/mboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti), a motile organism.


1.State one way that a daisy moves.

2.State two life processes other than movement that the two organisms have in common.

3.Explain three adaptations that the penguin has for efficient movement in water and on land.

4.In order to reproduce, the penguin may have to travel to find a mate.

4.1.Outline one advantage of travelling to find a mate.

4.2.Outline one disadvantage of travelling to find a mate.

5.State two reasons other than reproduction that the penguin may need to travel.

  The diagram below represents two sar b2g1(a:sbb encomeres. Which structure shortens during muscle ( 2sag1bebbn:contraction?

  Which animal forelimbel*./.q ectn,je yw+d is adapted for swimming?

  Which of the followinw,slei cu1 oquazm.4*;;w:a eg statements relates to myofibrils?

1.Outline how antagonisyf+ ud;ilof* yr16hg 6tic muscles move joints, giving an example.

2.Describe how skeletal muscle fibres are adapted for their function.

  Which statement(s) are true for ATP hydr6 ;gac hwd:yzmmu u.8)( keb4tolysis during muscle contraction?
I. ATP is hydrolysed by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
II. ATP hydrolysis causes myosin heads to move into the ready position
III. ATP hydrolysis causes the cross-bridges to break

1.Distinguish between a:c nt jta8z hgg)8kdp7 x5n(v6 myofibril, the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the sarcolemma. thkxn7 g6p a5n88t j:zd g)c(v

2.Outline the proteins involved in muscle contraction.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.

  Which row shows the afn2+ jln y);za),lxccorrect sequence of events in muscle contraction?

1.Distinguish between a myofibrso .tlj7l w3/b;(jdw hil, the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the sarcolemma. bj( j7ws. l;h3w d/lot

2.Outline the different proteins and their position in the sarcomere when the muscle is relaxed.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.