Which part of the synovial joint envelops the synovial .:5esv+i9*/g nkwqsvb om)6o y cmou+fluid?

  The diagram below represents a sarcomere. Which structures are labell9 :c:vduj )4qm/a1qzc tb y2red I and II ? )l y:u b4/ qd92qmtzrjc:a 1vc

  The diagram below shows a synovial;ps v2g0iz3 oy joint.

1.Identify structures labelled I and II.
I :   ;II:  .
2.Describe the role of each of the structures identified in (a).

  Which of these statements are true for synovial joints+k r mbjm3x6n* k*bm*q?
I. The joint capsule produces synovial fluid
II. Synovial joints can move in one direction (plane)
III. Ligaments connect one bone to another

  Which type of ion binds to filaments in the sarcomere to initia46lb-1 x0*sdsf8 ozqt +u nbsnte the process of musclnq l4btno06x1-fu *8zss+sdbe contraction?

  Which feature allows insecm2)ecc:wb lhz m-;8svts, such as crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus), to jump verymce8bs z: ;-m)v2l hwc high?

  The diagram shows a Zebra (Equus quagga). Which is not a reason for it tba wt 21yfm6vt/(x9,w (zi *hgaemjuk l3z*.so move?

  Which of the following brings about movement of the s-f ;m;5e7cg pfom xh0dkeleton?

  The photo shows an Australian she1lom ;u2gwtm 5lduck (Tadorna tadornoides).
Which is not a feature that is adapted to aid in locomotion?

The image shows an Afrzz 0gj kfnae e(uy,695ican daisy (Osteospermum acanthospermum), a sessile organism and a Humboldt penguin (Sphenisf 0(ez5y6kn ejg a,u9zcus humboldti), a motile organism.


1.State one way that a daisy moves.

2.State two life processes other than movement that the two organisms have in common.

3.Explain three adaptations that the penguin has for efficient movement in water and on land.

4.In order to reproduce, the penguin may have to travel to find a mate.

4.1.Outline one advantage of travelling to find a mate.

4.2.Outline one disadvantage of travelling to find a mate.

5.State two reasons other than reproduction that the penguin may need to travel.

  The diagram below represents two sarcomeres. Which structure shortens du1 cc cj4y 9s/1zq/*qvpt x8o4o ,.aio afjyca:ring muscle cc ic*o8o9 4x/svazat/jc,.qj fpaqyy1 4oc:1 ontraction?

  Which animal forelimb is adaptes.lqglv. u+-t d for swimming?

  Which of the following statemen)kix4xs;wm c 6s-; t( b*igdents relates to myofibrils?

1.Outline how antagonis) df5//d nnqqr6bfq1b tic muscles move joints, giving an example.

2.Describe how skeletal muscle fibres are adapted for their function.

  Which statement(s) are true for ATP hydrolysis during9 -q)y3hz cgdcy5cd 7e muscle contraction?
I. ATP is hydrolysed by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
II. ATP hydrolysis causes myosin heads to move into the ready position
III. ATP hydrolysis causes the cross-bridges to break

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarcopl4v ,;tg brko oc 9;s2t(v/hf cy3opcq-asmic reticulum and the sarcolemma. -rsc4qc tc3(2y;fpvk/vooh to;,9 g b

2.Outline the proteins involved in muscle contraction.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.

  Which row shows the correct sequence of events in mutb5 4 zlkj/ko-scle contraction?

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarcoplasmic reticulum an7;edcei+ i/ hq5fh:rzd the sarcolemmafq57 ezhiie+;/ dr c:h.

2.Outline the different proteins and their position in the sarcomere when the muscle is relaxed.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.