Which part of the synovial jointlfco8 :15y cnn envelops the synovial fluid?

  The diagram below represents a h +e f8ik+jm8vsarcomere. Which structures are labeled I and II ? + kvm8ie +jf8h

  The diagram below shd)vv.2 dbool q*t-i;wows a synovial joint.

1.Identify structures labelled I and II.
I :   ;II:  .
2.Describe the role of each of the structures identified in (a).

  Which of these statements are true for synovi7ogwe(wx u1ee 8j7 7 ip(ngsxtr6c0(ral joints?
I. The joint capsule produces synovial fluid
II. Synovial joints can move in one direction (plane)
III. Ligaments connect one bone to another

  Which type of ion binds to filaments in the sarcomere to initiate the process ofuu9rj *kktt17 h+1guafk5 ,jl muscle contrau1 +9k7 t5j,hj1kr* afugtl ukction?

  Which feature allows insects, such as cr;/6n2okse7njriecx ,6cg a a sg/u4u -ickets (Gryllus bimaculatus), to jump very hr-scxgj72o6 a;guns , c /ui/nke64ae igh?

  The diagram shows a Zebra (Equus quagga). Which is not a reason for it tzmx2z//st a6o( qg ti9o move?

  Which of the following brings about moda*/g +vs//jx o,wydrvement of the skeleton?

  The photo shows an Australian sheldu+t4 8 7c0rsme pb9y xbqu4xtj9ck (Tadorna tadornoides).
Which is not a feature that is adapted to aid in locomotion?

The image shows an African daisy (Osteospermum acanthospers t0(q-xxvn89f*i tc tfo *ob4mum), a sessile organism and a Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus io0*f btxvnxs4*9 (c- f8otqthumboldti), a motile organism.


1.State one way that a daisy moves.

2.State two life processes other than movement that the two organisms have in common.

3.Explain three adaptations that the penguin has for efficient movement in water and on land.

4.In order to reproduce, the penguin may have to travel to find a mate.

4.1.Outline one advantage of travelling to find a mate.

4.2.Outline one disadvantage of travelling to find a mate.

5.State two reasons other than reproduction that the penguin may need to travel.

  The diagram below represents two sarcomeres. Which5) vo(zs j1 .zfir+ecrc+*jrv structure shortens during muscle contraczsrjov(i fz +5.r)1 jc vec*r+tion?

  Which animal forelimb is adapte r 9pb 3-itswmq /y6lmukr.1b5d for swimming?

  Which of the following statements relates to myofibri0ctty t6 4g,k p*: 6i5krof2ndb,zdo bls?

1.Outline how antagonistic muscles momwrr;dl 2 bt78gwljtvy:2 8 +pve joints, giving an example.

2.Describe how skeletal muscle fibres are adapted for their function.

  Which statement(s) are true for ATP hydrolysis during muscle contractuw 2jmnzsc cnm.7e n6-5dryq8- ( pa1u-cuh /tion?
I. ATP is hydrolysed by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
II. ATP hydrolysis causes myosin heads to move into the ready position
III. ATP hydrolysis causes the cross-bridges to break

1.Distinguish between a myofibri esf 6e340t pr*r9hdbzevd: o7l, the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the sarcolemma:3z7d6e r rh4fv9od e*tb0e sp.

2.Outline the proteins involved in muscle contraction.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.

  Which row shows the correb (gv3ruc jo.i:: *wqxct sequence of events in muscle contraction?

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarcoplasmic reticulum and thhj-harfaq o 4c(2k m35e sarcolemma.ohjhf ma3rq 5c(2 -4ak

2.Outline the different proteins and their position in the sarcomere when the muscle is relaxed.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.