Which part of the synovial joint envelo3f(nk,, p x0xne*.p(are 8e8b kznapkps the synovial fluid?

  The diagram below represents a sarco8/iu miw4fq 5omere. Which structures are labeled I and II ? 4if8mi5qwu /o

  The diagram below shows a synovial y;yhisb j1fr+95h -bsjoint.

1.Identify structures labelled I and II.
I :   ;II:  .
2.Describe the role of each of the structures identified in (a).

  Which of these statements.0 xnviex. xry eg(.o1 are true for synovial joints?
I. The joint capsule produces synovial fluid
II. Synovial joints can move in one direction (plane)
III. Ligaments connect one bone to another

  Which type of ion binds to filamentnq)mgyy42 :, b* ;8eydscpwhvs in the sarcomere to initiate the process of muscley)mqsw,ye:yd 4 ;2*vnpg8 hbc contraction?

  Which feature allows insects, such as crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus),4zygm+d1l7 y4qh r5gw to jump very gg +z44ymyhq5 w1 7rldhigh?

  The diagram shows a Zebra (Equus quagga). Which is not a reason fl asr0ru- :t(uor it to move?

  Which of the following brings about movement of the skelg djw4ersgaa -/ i+0ma04 c(eleton?

  The photo shows an Australian shelduck (Tadorna tadornoides)zxdz/q0d-gro oj j 100.
Which is not a feature that is adapted to aid in locomotion?

The image shows an African daisy (Osteospermumy6 +f/bf8 hf-28u+u7pnmpa pwwql f z+ acanthospermum), a sessile organism and a Humbolduh-2al wfb886p+7 f+z+p y/wffumnpqt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti), a motile organism.


1.State one way that a daisy moves.

2.State two life processes other than movement that the two organisms have in common.

3.Explain three adaptations that the penguin has for efficient movement in water and on land.

4.In order to reproduce, the penguin may have to travel to find a mate.

4.1.Outline one advantage of travelling to find a mate.

4.2.Outline one disadvantage of travelling to find a mate.

5.State two reasons other than reproduction that the penguin may need to travel.

  The diagram below represents two sarcomeres. Whict)hzg fv t5 ceqq,sv5rp6znj94 9a f)6h structure shortens during muscle contractq f5cs,9fq4tvegz6p)6hjtav 95 r zn)ion?

  Which animal forelimb is adapte24f)/px080dgbdj i1ylj*0yq wxydn x d for swimming?

  Which of the following statem-:o nlyogah2 aem3;g,ents relates to myofibrils?

1.Outline how antagonistic muscles move joints, giving an examplep.gm1(q+ej.c habv lfp;/u3r.

2.Describe how skeletal muscle fibres are adapted for their function.

  Which statement(s) are true for ATP hydrolysis during muscle contraction? hynaz 9mn)n-.
I. ATP is hydrolysed by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
II. ATP hydrolysis causes myosin heads to move into the ready position
III. ATP hydrolysis causes the cross-bridges to break

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the sarcole-gts0w yftz*n0h 25 yhmma. s 5hyf zt-*20w0y ghtn

2.Outline the proteins involved in muscle contraction.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.

  Which row shows the correct sequence of evenkfri8)um/ :.rr, pmflts in muscle contraction?

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarcoplasmicg ni*jbnp(.r a . k3l9okp,*ts reticulum and the sarcolemma9r pto n.gpja,*(ls.*kb nik 3.

2.Outline the different proteins and their position in the sarcomere when the muscle is relaxed.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.