Which part of the sys-eb8ye h+t 9f th:kg7novial joint envelops the synovial fluid?

  The diagram below representsns3ilk*rbs:u m v5ggm)luz*8 r*b(+ k a sarcomere. Which structures are labeled I and II ? sbvbsl*( )ng r3*u5r8 klmzmk:+ ig*u

  The diagram below shows a synovial joinr1slz8)x3olmwtr 89t9u s / hgt.

1.Identify structures labelled I and II.
I :   ;II:  .
2.Describe the role of each of the structures identified in (a).

  Which of these statements are true6.8hr 1rz.cormt;wfg for synovial joints?
I. The joint capsule produces synovial fluid
II. Synovial joints can move in one direction (plane)
III. Ligaments connect one bone to another

  Which type of ion binds to filaments/1k u:huma+ rp in the sarcomere to initiate the process of muscle contractionr /apu+km:h u1?

  Which feature allows insectx;k3v,qx.*s dqui 0i gs, such as crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus), to jump very highk *.q v,x 3ugsi;idq0x?

  The diagram shows a Zebra (Equunqd9yxjzsb+6i x;rq)0ld 21e s quagga). Which is not a reason for it to move?

  Which of the followi ,q86pz o8gqdzng brings about movement of the skeleton?

  The photo shows an Australisla9iw0,rw 7 wan shelduck (Tadorna tadornoides).
Which is not a feature that is adapted to aid in locomotion?

The image shows an African daisy (Osteospermum a o42,f5ah q:)c/z v2gl42mf chxjw zpbcanthospermum), a sessile organism and a Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti), a motile wfqz42542 )fgvc/,xjo hm2: abl c hpzorganism.


1.State one way that a daisy moves.

2.State two life processes other than movement that the two organisms have in common.

3.Explain three adaptations that the penguin has for efficient movement in water and on land.

4.In order to reproduce, the penguin may have to travel to find a mate.

4.1.Outline one advantage of travelling to find a mate.

4.2.Outline one disadvantage of travelling to find a mate.

5.State two reasons other than reproduction that the penguin may need to travel.

  The diagram below represents two sarcom9flm 5epx x3i4eres. Which structure shortens during muscle contraction?l px5i 4f9mx3e

  Which animal forelimb is adt7fzh.u0r *rxapted for swimming?

  Which of the following statfy qcf/k a/n7hml.-y7 ements relates to myofibrils?

1.Outline how antagonistic muscles mooe4 wevphk dqyr /ztyv437uq/4 x9m 31ve joints, giving an example.

2.Describe how skeletal muscle fibres are adapted for their function.

  Which statement(s) are true for ATP hydrolysis during muscley+e ii-t8qin cx0;43( wswyck contraction?
I. ATP is hydrolysed by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
II. ATP hydrolysis causes myosin heads to move into the ready position
III. ATP hydrolysis causes the cross-bridges to break

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sa7j*ga 1q-vh8rr0bwuy rcoplasmic reticulum and the sarcolemma. aru- h j*78v1gwy0rb q

2.Outline the proteins involved in muscle contraction.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.

  Which row shows the correct sequence of events in muscle contmsmwqwh0 n,whx;hj/nv41 a: 7v od0j-raction?

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarcoplasmic reticulum ando ab q3iulxbjn2n ;+e*z97(t u the sarcolemma. t loan9*(+b xe7in3z uu;jq2b

2.Outline the different proteins and their position in the sarcomere when the muscle is relaxed.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.