Neonicotinoids are synthetic compounds that are widely
+10chu2*a f9en amyd s used as pesticides. However, there are concerns about their effect on honey bees and other pollinating insects. The table below shows the results from a study where honey bees (Apis mellifera carnica) were treated with non-le
s1n c ya*hfda +9m20euthal doses of two neonicotinoids, Imidacloprid and Clothianidin, and the effect it had on their homing instinct (ability to fly back to their hive).
1.Describe the mode of action of pesticides containing neonicotinoids on cholinergic synapses in insects.
2.Using the data, outline the effect of the neonicotinoids on honey bees.
3.Calculate the percentage increase between the control and those treated with 0.6 μM of Imidacloprid which did not arrive back at their hive.
4.State what the dependent variable is in this study.
5.(1)Based on the data, predict the effect that exposing honey bees to neonicotinoids will have on the fitness of the honey bee colony.
(2)Explain your answer to part (i).
6.The researchers concluded that neonicotinoids should not be used as pesticides due to their unintended effects on honey bees. Evaluate whether this data supports their conclusion.