What three processes can increase va)i v(qjdul33 i m1 esqael3q,(riation in a population?

  Which of the following statement(s) are possible ce- +sbcilsx58szh+ 9b onsequences to a polypeptide if a base substitution mutation e5b +-bsl szc8x9h+is occurs?
I. A shorter polypeptide chain is translated
II. An altered polypeptide chain is translated
III. There is no change to the polypeptide sequence

  The DNA sequence shown has bp, oh6glh qoblsr.o 8h6o0z5w33ke0 r een taken from exon 1 of DNA within the human insulin gene. Which sequence corresponds to a deletion m6p6h,bz3gkls 0ohw l or80roqh.eo53 utation in the sequence?

  What is a possible cahtpei8. wmt31erd lks)hc.4 /use of a genetic mutation?

  In species that do not carry out sexual reproduction, what is a possibiw0cc135 hu 9(jljf fwle cause of varw59 j(0f1hi3clucfjwiation?

  Shown below is the single base substitution mutatio(z8cai1;xb qy/k5(c iv p:j xon that causes sickle cell anaemia in individuals who are homozygous for the allele. Which of the following is a result of this m5acq xzk:bijv;1(yic x p8 /o(utation?

  Which statement about mutationz gg(mp(emv *2s in germ and/or somatic cells is correct?

  This table is a short section of the output from a DNA sequence database coc 25h889(u qayyrc .vx/ ppw/ernlfp 7mparing the cytochrome Ccvr97 f(qxyal e 8/hw8u.2 y5/npprpc gene sequence in two species. What does it show?

  A population of plants with no resistance to herbivores may dev vw8lp15jda 1uh.i j+eelop into a population of plants that secrete a compound toxic to herbivores. H. 8hu51alv+ i1 djjpweow could this change occur?

Different species of living organisms have dif l/ fx3j crn5y*thuk61ferent numbers of genes characteristic to them. The table shows the estimated number of genes for five speci3u1hltyxc*5 j k/rf n6es.
Species Estimated number of genes
Escherichia coli (bacteria species) 4,000
Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) 13,000
Canis lupis familiaris (dog) 20,000
Homo sapiens (humans) 30,000
Oryza sativa (rice) 40,000
1.Using the information in the table deduce the estimated number of loci in a human genome.

2.Explain how a mutation can affect a characteristic.

1.Outline the outcomes of the eltp/yvhk5fp;w4-bg). 3gd sHuman Genome Project (HGP).

2.Variation sometimes refers to the differences between individuals of the same species. Describe the role of genes in variation.

3.The frequency of the sickle cell allele is higher in regions of the world where malaria is prevalent. Explain the cause of sickle cell anaemia and the correlation between the frequency of the sickle cell allele and the prevalence of malaria.

1.Describe how a mutation may be a silent mum7ml+4jp kadoar:l4 cc n/,/ rtation.

2.Outline five causes of gene mutations.

3.Compare and contrast the consequences of mutations in somatic and germ cells.