What three processes can increase variation tuia exin4-(r6d(sf3 in a population?

  Which of the following statement(s) are possible consequ /i/hkzw4ls 1nences to a polypeptide if a base substitution mutation occ1ls h /nwz/ik4urs?
I. A shorter polypeptide chain is translated
II. An altered polypeptide chain is translated
III. There is no change to the polypeptide sequence

  The DNA sequence shown has been taken from exon 1 rufa4 vz5zd;;of DNA within the human insulin gene. Which sequence corresponds to a deletion m4 ;du;vf5rzazutation in the sequence?

  What is a possible ca 9p l-tot6i0fwd83tususe of a genetic mutation?

  In species that do not carry out sexual reproduction,oiq0m z3/wz/ ;m+gu hn7kha9g what is a possible cause of vaq9+ gohu3z7/0nm /am ghk zw;iriation?

  Shown below is the single base substituwy.x ;- pfvu w1pw+-hhtion mutation that causes sickle cell anaemia in individuals who are homozygou p;1wyfvuph+h. -wxw -s for the allele. Which of the following is a result of this mutation?

  Which statement about mutations in germ and/or somatic cells is3*os+ o+67nh1 mqw ei mgk(dki correct?

  This table is a short section of the output from a DNA sequence datab6ad ql2p8 bk5yase comparing the cyto2a b5lp6kdy8qchrome C gene sequence in two species. What does it show?

  A population of plansy60l1k o9ghb osy(l. t)i /ofa(rs 6kts with no resistance to herbivores may develop into a population of plants that secrete a compound toxic to herbivores. hk6oyo/aobtl(.s is (g )yklf109r6s How could this change occur?

Different species of living organisms have different number 3,e s3dqs3xgfs of genes characteristic to t3fgexs 3,q3ds hem. The table shows the estimated number of genes for five species.
Species Estimated number of genes
Escherichia coli (bacteria species) 4,000
Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) 13,000
Canis lupis familiaris (dog) 20,000
Homo sapiens (humans) 30,000
Oryza sativa (rice) 40,000
1.Using the information in the table deduce the estimated number of loci in a human genome.

2.Explain how a mutation can affect a characteristic.

1.Outline the outcomes of the Human Genome Project (oyo(rn1/g o-e HGP).

2.Variation sometimes refers to the differences between individuals of the same species. Describe the role of genes in variation.

3.The frequency of the sickle cell allele is higher in regions of the world where malaria is prevalent. Explain the cause of sickle cell anaemia and the correlation between the frequency of the sickle cell allele and the prevalence of malaria.

1.Describe how a mutati q1kty4y ,e0(.lsukjg x3n0goon may be a silent mutation.

2.Outline five causes of gene mutations.

3.Compare and contrast the consequences of mutations in somatic and germ cells.