Which term describes the splitting of water molecules 4)uv h.4whc,f m3pfmz in the presence of light tvuhm c4hwp).m zf,43fo produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fic2eh2k8rl rsai2n * .exation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an expern qj0af1x(k p31gp5 zz-se b0uiment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which o p-1u(kznqeps0bfzxag 350j 1f the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represennakxn+w;2r*wl0 0gzmt?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloropzaxb6 yc1 a hsvr6wc7//vc di :lyf-e g+p)r:-lasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final elecaapb w/6lircx g 1vch-:f rv/ e+yc6ds-7yz): tron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the fof .qkhcn0w ic.3 xdgt08y2ldh.7h zc*7ew ;xh llowing structures are fof.qlnc*w.xth i xyd0k0;7h3d hc287 czwe. h gund in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosyn ywh0twch csp1e5r 9n vvrs32fb0,1,x thesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of lsr3t q+-7krko:z)plg us3l1wight intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occm3 zn e,uaa;3u0vn7rnur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosyrobrmpi qnr:6 t)s /.7tr/ir.7)6ob m sqrpn:nthesis and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive ho)fjl6vq; aaj yfm) 8.zuseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydropvp.)i1bhe/ghoi:i sv7 e )l(gen ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosyn gohvle/e7ip:)s vphi 1).i (bthesis?

  Which of the followij/v3sio .-v osng correctly describes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring c49fj2f h: /,tziibmcin this light-independent reaction of photosynthesisj24ft:,/9hb miczicf ?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved ins7jozmp 946c x the production of reduced NADP and ATP?opz69 4c sjm7x

The diagram shows the separation of phot . 1lwi-hktj)posynthetic pigments using the thin-layerh j-1i. kwltp) chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the rate of photosbm7m k9xo8c4a ynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a sombco984kxa7 mlution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correccfn:5b/al7y+ lx :puv thf;j/ t range of wavelengths of light thatfcy/7 h pf+: :naulbjt/xl;5v are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a x mm3mkmm8 q- 5(h(r6fjer3zmprocess where carbon compounds are produced in the presence ofr33h8re f m(m-m6jmq5zkm x(m light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakb u2nn3pnxokp .y0dleg)z / 20q0o6awoid membrane in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthnao pg )n o u03kq.0bd6/20z eynlwxp2esis?

  What is the process that takes place before excite+no gik 2p2: g5sl4sgvpc4m r,d electrons are transferred from photosysnl gpkg+24,smic 4s2:vgo r p5tem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure o,g ox6w 8aid t1u(q0x12tvtyz f the chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxy(z6 2ttudoqy ixx0a1g8t v,1wlation?

  Which products are formed at th 7k /xdguo ;ag4llm50je end of the light-dependent and light-independent reactxgudo;l/k mla04jg75 ions?

  Thin-layer chromatography cadgg2.mboo ;li5--d0f mo u3cdn be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagraoi lbog-dum- og53df m;d0 c2.m showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a chloropla*2t4d l gc0nqhst.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action s0pv+uq a/kcrq r8 t7c0pectrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respir w+xrii k9r; 3+jdp1ozation are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used toy f41gjsckri u-3(p2v predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experimentsy1 ijfvsp 3g- u24rc(k over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form i a+bzd1he7g)ks it found iek+1 7dghzb)a n?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabled Calviocu1g ofne,i6:o6g2 f)d ,dya n to det62go 6 co) i1fug :oyd,en,afdermine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?