Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presence of lighte(ae9 cmf*km zods(s(j8 3s s1 to produce electrok d a((jse fsmm8cz9o3es*(1sns, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involv rli.v.eo;hz*ed in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment invq)t;byj3 wzi1 estigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which o3 1 tzyjiqwb);f the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represenp.woi)mv2e20 bifnp dm)f- k/t?

  The Hill reaction shows eluxi -dz (lgixjal 5;0kq8 1,zsectron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosy;-ls05 1liza8 gd(zux qik ,jxnthesis?

  The micrograph below sb 9frru7 kau 3 r,,r.k5jjdm6zhows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a chrmj7b3,ju r659rf . akkd, uzrloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate 4o hwfr+au h j6(0y;yjchnd5efs9u/p *j 2a- vof photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.oyx :d*la9r -24suv dz

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvin b9qbg80hv8 cmcycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where qixqdv5a 72(g chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell 5(7q qxavig2 drespiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive housep +xrwp8fbv dcw8t;0.7gqyl(/j4 c laklant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for 7.: kwlhaog.uphotosynto7aw khg.:.luhesis?

  Which of the followi z -pqg0up4lz/w,ime)ng correctly describes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-inh foljwk(*c9x a,: ;rfdependent reaction of photosynt: 9;jfx or,* fwac(lhkhesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplasbz u*zxoc40 .vt is most involved in the production of reduced NADP cu. 4o0vx*bzzand ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigmerhb 7 ph 5x6/cg;h:qwnnts using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.pwg;/r chx:n7 6hhq5b

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation ir g6- u*+jp*hf-fhx2xmk)h hxnto the impacts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containin2hx6u-hxg )-hrm** ffhkj +xpg a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wavelengths of light thav9l) c;t iiqva 5uco;1t are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesuc 1atci9v;5livq );ois?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are p cmp+ k6 11wv7qn vxew;iiv*a5roduced in the presence of lightnvem v*1v ;c+ qpw 56xwk7ia1i.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient acl(y6ejzo v5 r3ross the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthe3( yerzjl 56ovsis?

  What is the process that takes place before et8r :;ol iavo,xcited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to photosy;ot,r:olv a i8stem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast xilec gi-98 d0ugzng2z9-lmx l945ysdoes ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylation?9x8esn9zcy-lzgm4l u-02dg5 lxgi9 i

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and light-independedh1 h. pdk(xtf*2a;0o/x lx frnt reahd .0atxr1f *lf;(kd h2xxo/pctions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be ufhzruz b-, )9ssed to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing th-,zb) 9zh usrfe separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows them7,edi5oo o y1ue2ra4 ultrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spes(d0cx6apbgz5 1x f1z ae b.8c(0/ hkx juov-nctrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-cat)3;j-rsz - gsd 07ngrffi :bjhalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment expetl,se1d+(+gnfb0j c wriments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclljsgc( ,++ wn1et fdb0osed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbr2orl qq : fmsm5syc:x y ,).i:vwp)y(on dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is it fox )p2soy:)vi, :(5yf mr:lc q.yrmswq und in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that +)iv1xlqxwzv7 5fh2 renabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthlr)z xxhf5+viv 2w q17esis?