Which term describes the splitting of water molecrm o+xrhl,*)wules in the presence of light to produce electronshw*, xrml+ o)r, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during 4w 9xa w/g g61zckj-xtetd9 e9photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect of temperature(3vxr 1ltak(wf 3g le; on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this lv rwkl13(t(x3egf a;particular experiment?

  What does X representq -axz:my oj9 9v+a9b,iiw 2pi?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isocm hg/c1:a*bsoz3jj/ bd*c xr9d(-j glated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the fdjsx jhojac9g z(:/b3*/- 1grc cdb*minal electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast inz z mf+ 8*r 7,t8i833zils vfhsiam)qu a leaf.Which of the following structures are found ihvf7 mqrzz i3 ,lim83usa8 sz*)ti+f8n the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthgbs/z,9j0v b;eb dwa( esis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effe n;1iqa -f9gpolxexr-cr+: t.ct of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Cald(+w 6ba0l rkerb;2zyzgv8 q. vin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosywosqo 1 .( ccaw-ox6-lx( u*vsnthesis and aw*cx(6- .1o cs xoo-ul( qwavserobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseptr;w n)7papu1u ) zf;o 4ilg(vlant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the 8s/78x idqamh8gr9djlight-dependent reactions for photosynthesis?gadd87j9qixh / s8mr8

  Which of the followin)rmht/n;3n cai 9 :vcv gd v)2azsm tp1/00jwzg correctly describes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurrh,. zuze 3 vyb:gy)g4sing in this light-independent reaction of photosynthesis?zyz:e sh)vg b4,u gy.3

  Which structure of the chl28/bxc je5qqvwhvz52oaqnecv 559 h :oroplast is most involved in the production of reducedbahh9w/nx5 cvv o5q:q8j2e5qe5zv c2 NADP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation jy5ms1y:f t 0bof photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layermtjy 1 5b0sy:f chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts * cs iw it9/,ldc8vw:zof climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a 9swi z/v*8tci c:,wldnumber of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the corr3 c,0mugj/1 x z9omphsect range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chloropj cm3 xs0hp1ogmu z,9/hyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a pr r.x lt3*4rwd 2j0ppboocess where carbon compounds are produced in the presence of light.pw4bl.pj03tro 2*xdr
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gral nu7 f1 7,di;uprdmo8dient across the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reacti7 uu8npi;olrfd7d1 , mons of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons a(y c no) qu54(r vqnvipy0q83ctq9il+re transferred fr qitn4yv3v0 il(cyp qqo9u85(qr+) ncom photosystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisph-ux3s2 u -rfkt-4iphq osphate undergo carboxylatiot p4-ri k23uhq-sf-x un?

  Which products are formed at the end of the lig97re.qr oq+p uht-dependent and light-independent reactqr9p7 qu. +reoions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be ns.(u 53haywio6 0yggbss( : iused to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigmentsa s0(b6h 5ion.sgy (y:uw3isg in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure - b- u zsxyorldf6trcph2/.wc ))o.2v of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for pho 5cat ,r(mq1n;z9 )-zc a6mfnett.zhqtosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalyma6( icap6xk-ggf04oic-d :n sed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to ,rboz f8l msod22 +gk5ap,2r (hvgxf5predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment 2gg2sv m+r 2 rzlkfxpfhb5(,, d o8ao5experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon diox0v(jz8 iq6bn bide in photosystem II, and what form isbnq( vi6 z0jb8 it found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that eht-e;-q k3xqhwot)a ()3.c.rwfjm aqnabled Calvin to determine the order e.r)-- c(tta3hka fjqx;hwmq o3 .)qwof the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?