Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the xk0q/vkxv)* k v2fv,n presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen moleculk2 f/*qvv),k kvxxnv 0es?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fu5 n2r.ljb2vhixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an m:bcsg4- 5oszexperiment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this partib:5 ssg4cz- omcular experiment?

  What does X represen4w/p.x8p xl0lk qo2l li,bp;pt?

  The Hill reaction showfm.v 0ie 9t1lzs electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenolmil.f9z0ve t 1) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of th+,5xek:vbufh e following structures are found euh+ v:5bkxf,in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the -yx 45m 9zl*bd9 yb9tqjzy +fwrate of photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect ofw i/ i: ;t2zhybx)go,i light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvin h+1x8 gbssc sgm f9y,7cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where c0lon .a0y axan)p+/q nhemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and ) qna +a/0yannp.0lxo aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red leavesxz-er+n xzt : lep ;38kb di/p391nxwz.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source ofa2kwlly38 41yvmgbs :/ he 1rx hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosy h 8vw4kraegm2blxyl/311 :ysnthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthe;j ci04k p lbvqho,)n.,.4ypk29m td6tvpst jsis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent4ql(u-j 3mkj koh,v s/ reaction of photoskvh3jkm,j4(-ul qs /oynthesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most :k(/s dk;)yuzv.mus ; cagd)r involved in the production of reduced NADP and;u): mv/du)y zagss k;. kcr(d ATP?

The diagram shows the2vlqa:vfve4qep.*3 n separation of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propan:4pee2*qv.qa3v l vfn one.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation i7t,m k*- 1ijkxos suhkon7(-gnto the impacts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each consk(g-musn7*ikh j,o-x1o t7k taining a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wavelengths of light tha/lk .l9pe 1.s;z zyfhft are abs kyl.p9 zzsf/h1 fe;.lorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced in the pr l2ritd 5rffb/6 2mf u87aj w5qe/ue,mesence of light. 5 f 2b2i qtewf fu/ dlur6r,j5a7m8em/
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to genevy w 51s2.hjo: q ftoxiylh(t;xay408rate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactions ofha;(8 t .xj4ov0ywhfx 1 t2 y:lqoi5ys photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes h2e)ihah) n.,ah5 ncuplace before excited electrons are transferred from n echu5)),aha n.2hhiphotosystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of w3r :)67 d 1t4nan:zrqy *metbsf;nmlthe chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylation?f3l :r1swntzn6 )m y* drqba4; :m7etn

  Which products are formed at the end o3oz1k)nnnl,bq en, g7-a11ng hyu w*ef the light-dependent and light-independent reac,3*unn )q1g7 w- h1,lonn nzbekagye 1tions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Belo* pqfz)e8o u+w 5x6ydww is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way.8wwy uz+dp6xoq *e )5f Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the uf;n4. g ag4zbtltrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosynthe86o 8 m:.thb takck;v7vfofio l/u/0csis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cell( lf4 iez3a0dtular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict no pml8p2vvotv2 / dh9c- e3gl*x:m.qfuture rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over freelnh3l v-9p2 8e:qpcox g mtd2vo*/.vm-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in p/y,1u7 bg pxwahotosystem II, and what form is xb1/w,g7pa yuit found in?

  What were the results obtainv9u6gl;5 w3cfw m(b rutt6ut,ed from the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine thew,9 cfg5m t6uu(b6v3;tur t wl order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?