Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the pr, 7wjr-a6 obfvesence of light to produce elect 7wbv j6ao,-rfrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during photosyzb sw01/ms-dvo -w ip.nthesis?

  The diagram below shows 8 j0 kn*k0)obf0wzys oan experiment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this k zf0ojksb)wo*08yn 0particular experiment?

  What does X represenawltc- x ;*5jlt?

  The Hill reaction shows q+u ;cbbku j xm9d;b3u j2d;f) ubn9.qelectron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photjq f;+bqdx;.9 ;2udb)bn k m ubuu3cj9osynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below s v h(:0e/iiqliem0ce,hows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following strc0li(i v,: em/ih qee0uctures are found in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different temperatu8p/sny c)4fa vtw/5 ns9 u*gobb/k.tures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of -- hparafkmt -no.n9: light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvin cycy5pl)/q 8va0xp.nc vt le.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correr6z*ooe) zy 0xctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic ce0orox *6)zye zll respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with3iyh+plk c/hgj g3:h3 red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependefrzl7 d8ex g-7nt reactions for photoge7z l87xdrf -synthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or respwq(4, + pr t0acdu 61jdtf)f0asok4hpiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring i4- nd1f3 .s(usd(3nbsojw iutn this light-independent reaction of photosynthsdub i4 fn jdt(3 (s3.nws1uo-esis?

  Which structure of the chloroplg()i 3z8 s5jv6 wtjcjxast is most involved in the production of reduced NADP and Aiwjx jt6s53v8)zj (cgTP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthexrxob. nwfa 2:j7kttw4gej2b16vp 9 5tic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent prtjb x:w vxwgfae14762kpj5 n 9brt.o 2opanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the rate g th+shq41 r.nof photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each contain hr+n1t4ghsq .ing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct ranli0xr ,cf,+raju cy 5,ge of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis? 0ylri+c, fcj xra,5u,

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon corx ; lpl;pra.;y2-d63nc-po8sygaxt mpounds are produced in the presence of light.2t;.pylr n-s d6xrlo - 8ya;p pg3ax;c
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the fcp gstk()k-d; 8*we(h kf 0 83gtzkjilight-dependent reactions of photosynthh-3jk;8z) kt(swgd (ck0*8p ki ffgetesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited efu -f)ypx m0w0p *pf,olectrons are transferred from phoom) pf,w00xffp ypu*-tosystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast -3uv rtsfn70 bfb6a3o does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylarfnv o0-7a6 b3bst f3ution?

  Which products are formed sg)*jzf;z x3xat the end of the light-dependent and light-independent reacti xjs;3g*zf )xzons?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used tus ,4oesh9 o4vo separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the,4 ov9 oshs4ue separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below showo:yw : ysjuaqqv823n 0*w6bo ps the ultrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action specf +:bzvi p mup31 jjqe4fbb(g (82gb5vtrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.y gxddd3fujbara-s ;)+o07z-
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict future rates of photosz:i: xz/ .fjbgpj 309w4rwblngy9p 3oynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment expeb :9y3 ozjgp.n 0wbx 49/z:glfrpw3jiriments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosysteirl)-v84cz ydm II, and what form is it fou4rvy)l8 z icd-nd in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment* (bb9 7znmrrk that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of pbzb(n9 *rr7mk hotosynthesis?