Which term describes the splitting bigv+y:j hwct8 n4 5qs63as3dof water molecules in the presence of light to pr+4a3bhtqsg5:v6s c ijwn3d8y oduce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is/og7v 1xh )ykz8 .i hndsae4(lt s-+ajk2nx:b involved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experimei8iv nb(1cl:p nt investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular expecn 81viip:(blriment?

  What does X represen(y, y/;jl:pegl a *ukot?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolatedcu 6 /bpy07rpt+njar8 chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dic/08ua c+pjy b6prtnr7hlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the followinrwx6u/ f23,i2m d l d3f+jblueg structures are founl/ 6 i 2jxffrdd33be+mu2,lu wd in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows ther9 (kh*5 izypt rate of photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on f9 2mywh(3;.ym swrpbthe rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in thehwy8ato 3ws bq2(+:lu Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctlyazy ;u694iifb shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell res iubi;6z4 9fyapiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractivl(tv f2 m/mj-se houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the lii dvgh;hz 2*89;mhqq*v.dtjhj 5br,cght-dependent reactions for photosyn 8qi2tmj*h b9j.;h dcvv ,z;h5 gd*qrhthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis oh;b vdr( ttzbp.592wmr respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occ/nd jn i7j z,vm,)alm;urring in this light-independent reaction of photosynthesvn,;7 /ami nz)djlj,mis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is mos5/1gdjzn prt k)/bd/a t involved in the production of reduced NADP a//j dp/d1t zbg)kn ra5nd ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-lxz:lg 4dt 5d(bayer chromatography (TLC) zxd:4d(5 gblt technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the rate of photosyx2as2x 0q h0venthesis, pondweed was placed in a number ofex02vqa 02 hxs sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the cor)la lk93tucl emr225urect range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for phu t )u3cl52kllre29maotosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced 5 y*vhyg pbxn,4c.q(sw. tx t-in the presence of light. x(y*t54cpxh.-by t.v, wsngq
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generqul;bss gb3 z- z3/8i 7 )w,epnlix:qyate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reacts87u i:3n ,qx)ys /lezlb;z g3 -ibqwpions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place 096 zq1 uwte*) goj*qj;lvu.hhim1eb before excited electrons are transferred fr 1vmjq to0 i)w6.j1u*e*bhq9;lez ghuom photosystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast rx;/rqe r /awz4q9k:y does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylatwz y:4q;krrae rq9 x//ion?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and light-indepen zg4ix)3kd f*bdent reactb*gkd3 ifxz )4ions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate phote:pdkp9 t*v 1qosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this wa*:ktvp q p9ed1y. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a chloroplastr 2-php4 u(osu.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spoha 69awfq*p ;fi* -qdectrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reae(a7p)-,8 kfh nckmd ections.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to3 1mum/g/as; affx8 sg predict future rates of photosynthesi/ sf8ag1 mu /gsma3;fxs and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem vlv 7 r39hhwf0II, and what form is it fouhf79 rv03hlv wnd in?

  What were the results obtained f,d)7eij4ej t jm-tyy9dk -u;arom the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosy),ktu7yjimd4y;9 ted ej-a j-nthesis?