Which term describes the splitting of( 7qazuloo*w88p,krpt2 x, .ru*g.*aswb s qq water molecules in the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen moleco.a.*qlp2ps toau xgwqz*b8 s,, *r7u8qrwk(ules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixati bk+9m x,wtqm9az(pz8on during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment invez zl1r,bd2y. ystigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant vl2zz. yr1,yd balue throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X representpp9mp 7d7z 5f 3m.*tg-/nzx bkcr9lki?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplastscujqb3l7 24h r for the light-dependent reactiocl3uh 7r2j bq4ns of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the f/x6 payk+k: (+itj utqollowing structures are found in t( y/qp+ ut k+6xk:ajtihe part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of phote(nccx;* q)yb(5y cm tyl3co:osynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosy : leekrse1 m3t4dz5ef:r/jv*nthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur fg-k.n2*e8v evf4wv oin the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosyol7oud6:n)vadlu +hn 3ox r 1+nthesis and aerobic cell ur1 :l6dv3++o )ux7 hanloodnrespiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive housep:mq puhv w8fvo 3a-5l:jkhq65lant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ionsnpn) l06k ggc- in the light-dependent reactions for photosy60p g nnlcgk)-nthesis?

  Which of the following c(fo;xkvcx;* v hso :xsb*ft2:orrectly describes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in t hg1m+q was.g2 ue,*sqhis light-independent reaction of photosynthesis q, asqehgw .1m*us+g2?

  Which structure of the;f p7nzsh 4d(w kck(e8 chloroplast is most involved in the production of reduced NADP aw8kekzn(;fp( h 7cds 4nd ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of l8tqe r .0o3ay./k qhiphotosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatograp3lihy q/.qeat 08rko.hy (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the rate of phowb )7 c2470ihgzvziv mtosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing az2whigz074 mv) ic7vb solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct rangjt6ab7 pg 5nty 45nbouix;y dr575i1je of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyllir b5;d57nti17ay yb5j gx5jnupt o46 for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced in thergv*ttn4wy,/ry 4fq /5qx s6xx35pj m presence ofr w4 ygytr mt56xxp*vq 3f4/q,5/jnsx light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate 6 noueu 1hfc0n52a4de a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactions ofeun 0h6oe4a5 d1n c2uf photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes placez;twmxgo6 ,sy ac ; 956g4lelx before excited electrons are transferred from photos 4c wz9ex;y, ;6mosa6l5 gxtlgystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bi2z.5x 44uejf 5-ejz8x fhqqfccun f ,8sphosphate undergo carboxylation2e5.qf4xh,uuf 8 cx45 e-jcqn8zjfz f?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent km h99vv4r*3d ,yn67 41hnmwfo jcxpk and light-independent rpdc6 1vhn4jh3fw4,r o xm9*k9mk 7vnyeactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pigmen9p)fi 1 +a nwon-xynq,ts. Below is a dinqfnx n,py+oa wi-)19 agram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a chlorodrd:di1z v/ j(3)fxq3de -tjsplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosynthesi3k,rwfgae0-wrec 57 xs.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzymf s5(y97wxwpj in /+jx rr-x9ke-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predictm1pq6cp6p0 ja ggw m-8 future rates of photosynthegw6p p6mg8p0-1a c qjmsis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, g *3tdbjxa3,k and what form is ib3jt3d*x,ag kt found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment thmj2ab 8uf pbp97 ok)o8at enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent re)bboj882kp7p u9o ma factions of photosynthesis?