Which term describes the splitting j:bpwv1 ,6l xsl39b 2gxz7xxk -)gnahof water molecules in the presence of light to produce elec zkxax1,)nphvl:gs 6 j xbbl2w-37g9x trons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following+ ,lpw7fdyp3 g is involved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect of tev40cmq m)en z*mperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keepinmn0z*v mq)4ec g a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represen 5 x;b.u ghd.1hajpd/ignz1t 0t?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated c(ukxn7v45)ehzsow 7m h 3:jr hhloroplasts for the light-dependentnm ke7:7zx uw53hj4oshr (v)h reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplaraz8k - ou2v +xql3m5bst in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part oxv8 +25mzkul qroab-3f a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different tezyr)9a:)te n hmperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rymv ;swgd/ykn. ,e.0 eate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processeyvw :e(nbh x2m )(i)uos occur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place inms(asfc,*vcit ,b5;y x /k(ey photosynthesk c5ave(s(/xftyyb;,s*ic , mis and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive8ax85 fpoqa+lo4fg os4cc29t houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydroxwf;* t5smu) *)ans lzgen ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosynthesi an5*lwfmsux* ;t)s )zs?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or respiration? he7z6an:ighsx-u4lrnp80t ;

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this liy wfre*5o ff/tnw1k4 0ght-independent reaction of photos5 kt1 /wwff4*n0 ofreyynthesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the production of res9kzzvbpm,g4f 1 uhn fp)n)2.28 unvaduced NA2agfn)kvmvun fb2z 1 8pn.u9s)z4p,hDP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separationu+r f8i1 bp5zs of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique u1i5 +bs8pfzrin the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the rate of *2hma:au4 pnd photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each *a puahm 4nd:2containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wavelea-o2jz5i9:tl v ij/clngths of light that ar9cj l vlzi-a:ot2i5/ je absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compoug oy:uui; 3en( j80ksends are produced in the presence of light.u;e(:ey038usk oijg n
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradi/n sqsknqs(li //aj1m/ :inx 6ent across the thylakoid membrane in the l n ss/ :lqx/k(n i//6aiqm1njsight-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that t0zzyov9qv5;kv ar,j) akes place before excited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to photosqzo k, z)v90v;ryavj 5ystem I?

  In which structure of the cycyy0gbe)w: / hloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxyl wceb)/:0 gyyyation?

  Which products are formed at -mwtoo rqt5ral1dj r:+ a*p,u 8;tlj;the end of the light-dependent and light-independent relq;5d a :wr1 tjrt+ -a*jltor;m,8upoactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetikl( rjvb+4 lr1c pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf ext+v 1 (rbjllkr4racts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure ngi;1bx ))cozof a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the actiongryqb h6ew861ia+k -j spectrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular repjvt --txcvva t7c(-,spiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predic0iv9k lypix96/7 sjfz )yq/cut future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an adva9y sy6)fiq/7pc x9/ukzjli0v ntage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, 7999j2p74se 9kelmgcflv gxjand what form is it found vg9fclk724p j 79g 9x9msele jin?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop i+66kgig o*pn experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the lioii6 gnp6g*+ kght-independent reactions of photosynthesis?