Which term describes the splitting oi/g9qd nmt toxv2-8x 3f water molecules in the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen 9/dtnq xv2 8xt-igo 3mions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is invol +rp;)wd(j/oum )wfes ved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect of temperature oni k+, 9 b:va( kf4*s+zwffzjnn the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controllv*a ijk 4+s +zfnf:9wbk,z (nfed variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent?.ool8 t zmw(3iqj8y/k

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts f:/u xyw :-6 uq74ugmt0gpi (xjxw6vwlbd tc2-or the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?u vxyiq6up-cjl-udxg0/(:6tbw72w 4 :mxgt w

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloropzog;ba(7 9dq zlast in a leaf.Which of the following structuredgba9zzo 7q; (s are found in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate o8ir91ux: h x0e cat8gto+ht/n5.akmof photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect ok/6- 8sw inkugabboom- g1;,bf light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvin cycle. u8h8nl,m*phud.c nq*n;6eri
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correct t)xw7 a)hkqa. 2fdsz8ly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell respiratio)a. axzs 2f78twd)qhkn?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant withevjp:))+ enf v1a)*e3n, xq0kvtxlj b red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main sou8ccw1ps35io0 u ilpp7rce of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosynthep5io3ic78psp ul 0cw1sis?

  Which of the following correctly descr;cij f4 l08tn 96nedftue)(fnibes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independmx46achn9+ h aent reaction of photosynt6hah+m c49 anxhesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the prufkx8.- *tpaw oduction of reduced NADP and f-wk.p*utx8a ATP?

The diagram shows the sephc0 cn ce(0fnc-bt u/nv .8m-iaration of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC (e 8hubfctnv- cmci nc/-.00n) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the )mm0ab6+cn edimpacts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, ead0n6 mbm)e+ acch containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum re h .ik kj-a:sf6mu4oqsj6o68gpresents the correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed an4-g s6 : ikfso6qu8a6mhjokj .d reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are pro9iu. y4h(wh7x-a xk(ui +djeq duced in the presence of i q4d-hw+(7ih(. xku uaex9 jylight.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a pro0fsk3k,vsjb 88 jr1 oxton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactions o r ov1ks8x0fkj,8js b3f photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are transfe 0;p wfyqo-c; gwa52vvrred from photosyst;vf o 0c yw-gp;a5qvw2em II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulrcl0) zhr x3bshh7d yilyc(- .jl37, tose bisphosphate undergo carboxylt3ic3r7zh l7j)b -r.h (yl0s ylxh,c dation?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and lig+sth mf+6w2htht-independent rea+wht fts+ 26hmctions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosyn(emn* bdq7f;z lprc9. thetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are prdlpre nmqb*c. ;97(f zesent in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of *zt,g1vxc .skivn:(e:f ir t)a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosynt1aw1,g2a;ex zi9v pjubprx( iq ;+i; rhesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration ar,;+ hvg4q; ax .(6gnqowmu wmte enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichmeg vnbop u/wx/8z.(x iawau7 71nt experiments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments ovzua bo7awup/1x v/n7ix. g(8wer free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in pvpunf,tsfg)j0 he6i u) j+ 6x(hotosystem II, and what form is it found in)fh0)nj uei fuv6 (tpxs j6,g+?

  What were the results obtained from tybch+*b ,qf g/ zjnc)6he lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent rcqhbygnf + c)*,6/bj zeactions of photosynthesis?