Which term describes the spli wo2og u*wg8)ytting of water molecules in the presence of light to produce electrons,wg)g 8ooy*w2 u hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following issa k(kmm28 t/b involved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an exptzi py *hyh ck*- ek yj(i7u4f;63cve,eriment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keepiyifv; ,htpy7ch*ezc34( e*j k-6kiuy ng a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent?r z,x 2y; 73u)7d*x tvaicbhwm

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolat.p0;y fz) kmyued chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichloro zp)ym;fuk.0yphenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplashf +vt g7 prqz hkx56mbzj:18-t in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a chloroplast labmzb17+8rkfz-h vjg5 p6q: hxtelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different tempe6a,ywsl *g0ctratures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on tsj n2 l8n -:nj,o +9xyuc)pjfig9gv7xhe rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the C5uc3+ a msqt6;fjg j8q nm:n/qalvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows 5sg+3)rj5taqqq8ap 6n ma-n(iily (o where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobg 55irlan n3pjai 8sqy-o(6tqm)qa+( ic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplax9wvyynqzs. r4;1 p64 f inibf iv1-n;nt with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions 6cg gk 4b)jjt(for photosynttg4gj )(k jc6bhesis?

  Which of the following correctly desc2 b5u7 fk93qjc (auj98lgckpx ribes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reaction :9sjso(,zg3 fazxo. aof photosynthesas zfj3,(a og.9:sx ozis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the production of r3cy5u c rt.n/eeduced 3e/ctun ry.c5NADP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigm lt3+vc yz8d+ pi8 hr36,ldhfwzpfm08ents using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the sl3dp +r0mph, z6i8zf8 ld+c h ytvfw38olvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the rate of photosi8:c;(;kgwkqv7juwo ynthesis, poo(wi7g:8k u cv qjk;w;ndweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represrsymm(l 8p4zc, g.w0vents the correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by gr,vcm .ps 40(w myz8lchlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds a*gylyd8vn9g5qa8qm ;qo 0 xs4re produced in the presence oay4ns0q o lx*8q 5m9;8ygqdvgf light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in tz ;pa13hr ft esi./9athe light-dependent reactioet3 fia/;hzpts19a. rns of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before ex7:ujw -eohvnq-nis55 cited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to 7shnq-5u-wie jo vn:5 photosystem I?

  In which structure of the cmwf-g9-dah(*ouq q hs x7s/bw7x wyed8cm7, ;hloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylati-qw u7 gf(dx-, exbsq8m/wcw; *h oa97ds7hmyon?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent 4kqwudpx7d0 muvt/ p .rz:t 5*and light-independent reacdp/uvwttqxu 5.: d0k*r 47pmztions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments8(uayiq (jry7w jb4y r1i9m9 e. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work o1m9r4(j7wr( iu y8yjayb9iqeut what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows rn y.(lp.a;xlthe ultrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum k; ie, 2psvdtns s3nu -.f)if9for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions. l:3 lq8nwav 7g
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment 1qdbtsul u-09experiments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experimen bt1u-l0 ds9quts, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what f zahf/ xhl y7a:/b5vnfn *(h9oorm is hno/l9a x5*7n bhzayhv(f/f: it found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollip:/wui2sd fn5 iop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent rendw5fu: 2 s/iiactions of photosynthesis?